【摘要】： 當(dāng)今因特網(wǎng)應(yīng)用中出現(xiàn)了越來(lái)越多的基于對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議開(kāi)發(fā)的應(yīng)用軟件,其網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)一般分為結(jié)構(gòu)化和無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)化兩大類(lèi),其中無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)因其本身具有自治性、無(wú)組織、去中心化等特點(diǎn)而倍受關(guān)注。本文的研究對(duì)象是無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)中廣泛存在的搭便車(chē)問(wèn)題。在充分研究近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外已有的多種激勵(lì)機(jī)制模型后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有的P2P (Peer-to-Peer)應(yīng)用軟件的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式與已經(jīng)提出的眾多策略下的激勵(lì)機(jī)制之間存在不一致性。激勵(lì)機(jī)制主要關(guān)注的是如何通過(guò)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)協(xié)作節(jié)點(diǎn)、抑制搭便車(chē)節(jié)點(diǎn)來(lái)維護(hù)整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的公平公正性,而P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商的主要收入是來(lái)自在網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)內(nèi)廣告的投放量,因此為了吸引更多的用戶(hù)加入P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)并長(zhǎng)時(shí)間留在網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)中,運(yùn)營(yíng)商往往對(duì)搭便車(chē)節(jié)點(diǎn)采取了忽視和容忍的態(tài)度。 針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文借鑒了分布式測(cè)量和博弈論中的納什均衡理論,提出DAMR(Distributed algorithm Anti-free-rider based on Message Routing)算法,該算法分布式地檢測(cè)和抑制搭便車(chē)節(jié)點(diǎn)。在此算法的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)自身的網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載,設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)基于DAMR策略的激勵(lì)機(jī)制。為了更好地分析本文提出的激勵(lì)機(jī)制的特點(diǎn)、性能、對(duì)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的影響及其是否符合P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商的商業(yè)期望,通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)化建模的方法,提出一個(gè)無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)激勵(lì)機(jī)制的數(shù)學(xué)評(píng)估模型,并利用該模型分析論證了基于DAMR策略的激勵(lì)機(jī)制能夠使P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)處于一種良性的均衡狀態(tài)。最后通過(guò)擴(kuò)展GnutellaSim軟件,將該激勵(lì)機(jī)制添加到以NS-2為平臺(tái)的仿真系統(tǒng)中,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)分析,驗(yàn)證了基于DAMR策略的激勵(lì)機(jī)制的正確性和有效性。利用該激勵(lì)機(jī)制,在符合P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商利益的前提下,可以提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利用率,促進(jìn)Peer節(jié)點(diǎn)參與協(xié)作和享用服務(wù),使P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)更具有吸引力。本文的研究對(duì)促進(jìn)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的良性發(fā)展具有一定的啟示意義。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more applications based on Peer-to-Peer Network Protocol are developed in Internet applications. The network structure is generally divided into two categories: structured and unstructured, among which unstructured Peer-to-Peer Networks are autonomous and unorganized. Decentralization and other characteristics have attracted much attention. The object of this paper is the problem of free rider in unstructured peer-to-peer networks. After fully studying the existing incentive mechanism models at home and abroad in recent years, we find that there is inconsistency between the operating mode of the existing P2P (Peer-to-Peer) application software and the incentive mechanism under many strategies that have been proposed. The incentive mechanism is mainly concerned about how to protect the fairness and fairness of the whole network system by rewarding the cooperative nodes and restraining the hitchhiker nodes. The main revenue of P2P network operators is the amount of advertising in the network community. Therefore, in order to attract more users to join P2P network and stay in the network community for a long time, operators often take an attitude of neglect and tolerance to hitchhiker nodes. In view of the above problems, this paper draws lessons from the Nash equilibrium theory in distributed measurement and game theory, and proposes a DAMR (Distributed algorithm Anti-free-rider based on Message Routing) algorithm, which detects and suppresses free-rider nodes in a distributed manner. On the basis of this algorithm, an incentive mechanism based on DAMR strategy is designed considering the network load of nodes themselves. In order to better analyze the characteristics and performance of the incentive mechanism proposed in this paper, the impact on P2P network system and whether it meets the business expectations of P2P network operators, the mathematical modeling method is adopted. A mathematical evaluation model for incentive mechanism of unstructured P2P network system is proposed. Using this model, the incentive mechanism based on DAMR strategy can make the P2P network system in a benign equilibrium state. Finally, by extending the GnutellaSim software, the incentive mechanism is added to the simulation system based on NS-2, and the correctness and effectiveness of the incentive mechanism based on DAMR strategy are verified by experiments and data analysis. Using the incentive mechanism, under the premise of the benefit of P2P network operators, it can improve the utilization of the network, promote the participation of Peer nodes in collaboration and enjoy services, and make the P2P network community more attractive. The research of this paper has certain enlightenment significance to promote the benign development of P2P network system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP393.02

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本文編號(hào)：2218699