本文選題：供應鏈管理 + Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2009年博士論文

【摘要】：科學技術的迅猛發(fā)展,促使產(chǎn)品的更新?lián)Q代不斷提速,產(chǎn)品生命周期逐漸縮短。這些變化促使越來越多的產(chǎn)品具有Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品的特征,從而也使得Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈管理成為供應鏈管理領域中的一個重要內(nèi)容。由于Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品自身所具有的時效性強、需求不確定性大、期末殘值低等特性,使得供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)運作變得異常棘手。因此,如何有效實現(xiàn)該產(chǎn)品供應鏈的協(xié)調(diào)運作,一直是理論界和實務界共同關注的焦點。自上個世紀九十年代以來,針對傳統(tǒng)的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)理論的擴展研究取得了較大的進展,獲得了一系列的成果。但是這些研究大都聚集于單生產(chǎn)模式和一次訂購機會。然而,單一生產(chǎn)模式自身的局限性以及僅有一次訂購機會的限制往往使得供應鏈難以實現(xiàn)對市場需求的精確預測和快速響應,從而給供應鏈節(jié)點企業(yè)帶來了巨大的生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營風險。本文重點探討了帶有多種生產(chǎn)和訂購模式的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題,根據(jù)制造商生產(chǎn)的彈性和銷售商訂購的靈活性,建立了一整套有關多種生產(chǎn)和訂購模式的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)理論體系。論文的主要工作和創(chuàng)新如下: 1.單生產(chǎn)模式下一次訂購的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。單生產(chǎn)模式和一次訂購機會是傳統(tǒng)的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈的研究基石,因此,本文先針對傳統(tǒng)的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈作如下幾方面的擴展性研究:首先,將合作廣告引入到傳統(tǒng)的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈模型,建立了由單個制造商兩個競爭的零售商所組成的兩層供應鏈合作廣告模型。其次,將兩種營銷模式和合作廣告同時引入到傳統(tǒng)的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈中,提出了帶有直營店和代理商兩種營銷模式下的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品合作廣告模型,通過分析需求的隨機性及直營店的營銷模式對制造商的品牌廣告和銷售商的地方促銷廣告決策的影響,得出了一些重要的管理啟示。另外,將提前期看作是決策變量,提出了基于提前期壓縮的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型。最后,在假定分銷商所面臨的需求是與銷售價格有關的隨機變量以及供、銷雙方關于分銷商銷售價格信息不對稱這兩個前提下,運用委托代理理論研究了由單供應商單分銷商組成的兩層供應鏈激勵機制設計問題。 2.單生產(chǎn)模式下期末二次訂購的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。首先,在假定制造商和銷售商分攤第二次生產(chǎn)裝配費用以及銷售期末部分缺貨量延期供給情形,建立了由單制造商單銷售商組成的兩層供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型。該模型不僅修正了一些學者對二次訂購下集中供應鏈系統(tǒng)期望利潤模型的錯誤認識,而且還彌補了已有文獻只適用于銷售商來承擔二次生產(chǎn)裝配費用和期末短缺量完全延期供給的不足。緊接著,本文將上述模型推廣到由單制造商多銷售商所組成的兩層供應鏈中,探討了多個競爭的銷售商對分散和集中決策下訂購策略的影響。將多貨棧存貯問題首次引入到帶有隨機需求的供應鏈環(huán)境中,提出了基于兩貨棧和兩次訂購機會的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型,并進一步推廣至考慮帶有固定的訂購費用和部分短缺量延期供給、需求具有價格敏感性以及需求依賴廣告投入這三種情形。這類模型克服了現(xiàn)有的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈僅適用于己有貨棧容量無限大的不足。 3.單生產(chǎn)模式下期內(nèi)二次訂購的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。本文首次將兩階段需求相關性引入到銷售期內(nèi)帶有第二次訂購機會的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈模型中,建立了相應的模型并給出了分析解,從而克服了已有的類似模型僅適用于兩階段需求相互獨立情形且只能提供數(shù)值解的缺陷。另外,已有的第二次訂購發(fā)生在銷售季節(jié)內(nèi)的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型均不適用于帶有固定的訂購費用和裝配費用情形,之所以如此,是因為考慮這兩個費用將導致模型結(jié)構(gòu)的復雜性和求解的困難性。鑒于這兩種費用在供應鏈節(jié)點企業(yè)中的廣泛存在性,本文首次將上述兩階段需求相關的Newsvencor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈模型推廣到考慮帶有固定訂購費用和裝配費用情形,提出了一個更復雜但更符合實際的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型,利用(s,S)策略給出了模型的分析解,同時提出了一個改進的收益共享契約實現(xiàn)了供應鏈的完美協(xié)調(diào)。 4.兩生產(chǎn)模式下期末二次訂購的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。首次將制造商的兩生產(chǎn)模式引入到第二次訂購發(fā)生在銷售季節(jié)末的供應鏈模型中,從而避免了采用現(xiàn)有文獻中提供的單生產(chǎn)模式所導致的生產(chǎn)缺乏柔性。其次,將廣告投入和兩生產(chǎn)模式同時引入到期末二次訂購的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈中,建立了生產(chǎn)、訂購及廣告投入同時決策的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型。進一步地,研究了廣告和價格這兩種因素對市場需求的影響,建立了生產(chǎn)、訂購、廣告投入及定價聯(lián)合確定的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型。與現(xiàn)有模型不同,本文引入了廣告投入影響因子和銷售價格影響因子的概念,利用這兩個因子的兩種不同組合方式——加和方式和乘積方式——來刻畫實際的市場需求,并通過分析指出了這兩種不同需求方式的適應對象。分別提出了兩種新的協(xié)調(diào)契約:一種是改進的收益共享契約,另一種是回購和回扣/懲罰相結(jié)合的聯(lián)合契約,從而大大拓展了傳統(tǒng)的收益共享契約和銷售回扣契約的應用范圍。最后,將兩生產(chǎn)模式下期末二次訂購的供應鏈模型擴展至多貨棧存貯情形,提出了基于兩貨棧的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型,并進一步推廣至考慮帶有固定的訂購費用和部分短缺量延期供給、需求具有價格敏感性以及需求依賴廣告投入等情形。 5.兩生產(chǎn)模式下期內(nèi)二次訂購的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。現(xiàn)有的關于在銷售季節(jié)內(nèi)帶有第二次訂購機會的文獻全都假定制造商采用單生產(chǎn)模式以應對銷售商的兩次不同的訂購,這種假定不僅限制了已有文獻的適用范圍,而且還忽視了現(xiàn)實中制造商生產(chǎn)的靈活性。因此,本文首次將兩生產(chǎn)模式引入到兩階段需求相關的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈模型中,分別建立了相應的分散決策和集中決策模型并設計了契約以實現(xiàn)供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)。進一步地,將固定的裝配費用和訂購費用引入到上述供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型中,在綜合考慮兩生產(chǎn)模式、兩階段需求相關以及每次生產(chǎn)和訂購時都分別帶有固定的裝配費用和訂購費用的前提下,建立了Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型,利用(s,S)策略給出了銷售商的最優(yōu)訂購量和制造商的最優(yōu)生產(chǎn)量,通過一個改進的收益共享契約實現(xiàn)了供應鏈的完美協(xié)調(diào)。 6.基于需求信息更新的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題研究。首先,將銷售商在提前期內(nèi)的第二次訂購時間點作為決策變量,提出了帶有需求信息更新時間點決策的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型,從而克服了已有模型中第二次訂購時間點隨意給定的缺陷。其次,將允許顧客退貨引入到帶有需求信息更新時間點決策的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型中,探討了考慮常數(shù)返還率的Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)問題。最后,進一步將帶有需求信息更新點決策的供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型擴展到部分短缺量延期供給情形,綜合運用了需求信息更新和期末緊急訂購這兩種手段來減小供應與需求的不匹配,同時探討了短缺量部分延期供給對供應鏈雙方?jīng)Q策以及供應鏈運作績效的影響。 上述研究成果不僅豐富了Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)理論的內(nèi)容,也拓寬了傳統(tǒng)Newsvendor型產(chǎn)品供應鏈模型的應用空間,為供應鏈管理者的決策提供了更充分的科學依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the renewal and replacement of products are accelerating, and the life cycle of products is shortened gradually. These changes have prompted more and more products to have the characteristics of Newsvendor type products. Thus, the supply chain management of Newsvendor type products has become an important content in the field of supply chain management. As a result of the Newsvendor type products, the product supply chain management is also an important part of the supply chain management. Because of its strong timeliness, large demand uncertainty and low final residual value, the coordination operation of supply chain has become very difficult. Therefore, how to effectively realize the coordinated operation of the supply chain has always been the focus of both theoretical and practical circles. Since the 90s last century, the traditional Newsvendor type The expansion of the theory of product supply chain coordination has made great progress and gained a series of achievements. However, most of these studies have gathered in the single production model and one order opportunity. However, the limitations of the single production model and the limitation of only one order opportunity make it difficult for the supply chain to realize the market demand. Accurate prediction and rapid response have brought huge production and management risks to the supply chain nodes. This paper focuses on the coordination problem of supply chain for Newsvendor products with multiple production and ordering modes. Based on the flexibility of manufacturer's production and the flexibility of the seller's order, a set of production and order is established. The main work and innovation of the paper are as follows:
The research on supply chain coordination of one order under the 1. single production mode. Single production mode and one order opportunity are the cornerstones of the traditional Newsvendor product supply chain. Therefore, this paper first studies the traditional Newsvendor type supply chain for the following aspects: first, the cooperative advertisement is introduced to the traditional Newsvend. The model of or product supply chain has established a two layer supply chain cooperative advertising model consisting of two competitive retailers in a single manufacturer. Secondly, the two marketing modes and cooperative ads are introduced into the traditional Newsvendor product supply chain, and the Newsvendor type production with two marketing modes of direct store and agent is put forward. Based on the analysis of the randomness of demand and the marketing model of direct store on the influence of the manufacturer's brand advertising and the retailer's local promotional advertising decision, some important management revelations are obtained. In addition, the lead time is considered as a decision variable, and the Newsvendor product supply chain association based on the pre extraction period is proposed. In the end, on the assumption that the demand for the distributor is a random variable related to the sales price and the two parties, on the premise that the sales price information is asymmetric between the distributors and the distributors, the principal-agent theory is used to study the design of the incentive mechanism of the two layer supply chain composed of single supplier and single distributor.
In the 2. single production model, the study of supply chain coordination at the end of the final two orders is studied. First, the two layer supply chain coordination model, composed of single manufacturer and single seller, is established on the assumption that the manufacturer and the seller share the second production assembly costs and the end of the sales period. The false understanding of the expected profit model of the centralized supply chain system under the two order has also made up for the shortage of the existing literature only applicable to the seller to undertake the two production assembly cost and the final shortage of the final shortage. Then, this paper extends the above model to the two layer supply composed of single manufacturer and multiple sellers. In the chain, the influence of multiple competitive sellers on the ordering strategy under decentralized and centralized decision-making is discussed. The multi stack storage problem is introduced to the supply chain environment with random demand for the first time, and the Newsvendor product supply chain coordination model based on two warehouses and two order opportunities is proposed, which is further extended to consider with a fixed supply chain. The three cases of demand are price sensitive and demand dependence on advertising input. This model overcomes the shortcoming that the existing Newsvendor product supply chain is only applicable to the unlimited capacity of its own warehouse.
In the study of the supply chain coordination of the two order in the 3. single production mode, this paper first introduces the correlation of two stages to the model of Newsvendor product supply chain with second order opportunities in the sale period, establishes the corresponding model and gives the analytical solution, thus overcoming the existing similar models only for the two order. In addition, the existing second order supply chain coordination models, which occur during the selling season, are not applicable to the fixed order and assembly costs. This is the reason that the consideration of the two costs will lead to the complexity of the model structure and the difficulty of solving it. In view of the widespread existence of these two costs in the supply chain node enterprises, this paper first generalize the above two phase demand related Newsvencor product supply chain model to the case of fixed order cost and assembly cost, and propose a more complex but more practical supply chain coordination model, using the (s, S) strategy. The analytical solution of the model is given, and an improved revenue sharing contract is proposed to achieve the perfect coordination of the supply chain.
The study of supply chain coordination at the end of the two order in the 4. two production model. First, the manufacturer's two production model was introduced to the supply chain model that occurred at the end of the sales season at the end of the second order, thus avoiding the lack of flexibility in the production of the single production model provided in the existing literature. The mode of production is introduced into the Newsvendor product supply chain at the end of the final two orders, and a supply chain coordination model is established for the simultaneous decision of production, ordering and advertising. Further, the impact of the two factors on the market demand is studied, and the combined supply chain association of production, ordering, advertising input and pricing is established. Different from the existing model, this paper introduces the concept of the impact factor of advertising input and the impact factor of the sales price, and uses the two different combinations of these two factors - adding and the way and product way - to describe the actual market demand, and points out the adaptable objects of the two different demand modes by analysis. Two new coordination contracts are proposed: one is an improved income sharing contract, the other is a combination of repurchase and rebate / penalty, which greatly expands the application scope of the traditional revenue sharing contract and the sales rebate contract. Finally, the supply chain model at the end of the two production mode at the end of the two order is extended to the maximum stack. In the case of storage, a supply chain coordination model of Newsvendor type product based on the two warehouse is proposed, which is further extended to consider the fixed order cost and partial shortage delay supply, the demand has price sensitivity and demand dependence on advertising input.
5. the supply chain coordination of the two order in the two production model. The existing literature on the second order opportunities within the sales season assumes that the manufacturer uses a single production model to deal with the two different orders of the seller. This assumption not only limits the scope of the literature, but also ignores the present situation. For the first time, the two production model is introduced into the two stage Newsvendor model of demand related supply chain, and the corresponding decentralized decision and centralized decision-making model is established and the contract is designed to coordinate the supply chain. In the coordination model of the supply chain, the Newsvendor product supply chain coordination model is established on the basis of the two production model, the two phase demand correlation and the fixed assembly and ordering costs for each production and order. The optimal ordering quantity and the manufacturer are given by using the (s, S) strategy. The optimal output is achieved through an improved revenue sharing contract to achieve the perfect coordination of the supply chain.
6. research on supply chain coordination problem based on demand information updating. First, the second order time points of the seller in the lead time are taken as decision variables, and the Newsvendor product supply chain coordination model with the updating time point of demand information is proposed, thus overcoming the random given time point of the second order time points in the model. Secondly, the customer return is allowed to be introduced into the supply chain coordination model with demand information updating time point decision, and the Newsvendor product supply chain coordination problem considering constant return rate is discussed. Finally, the supply chain coordination model with demand information updating point decision is further extended to some shortage delay supply. The two means of demand information updating and final emergency ordering are used to reduce the mismatch between supply and demand. At the same time, the influence of the partial delay supply on the supply chain decision-making and the performance of supply chain operation is discussed.
The research results not only enrich the content of the supply chain coordination theory of Newsvendor products, but also broaden the application space of the traditional Newsvendor model supply chain model, and provide more sufficient scientific basis for the decision of the supply chain managers.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：F224;F274

【引證文獻】

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1 尚文芳;祁明;張智勇;;基于需求信息更新和短缺量延期供給的易逝品供應鏈期權契約研究[J];管理學報;2012年06期

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2 尚文芳;需求信息更新條件下易逝品供應鏈期權協(xié)調(diào)契約研究[D];華南理工大學;2012年

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2 楊惠霄;兩級供應鏈企業(yè)投資RFID技術決策研究[D];華東理工大學;2013年

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