本文選題：近代　切入點(diǎn)：旅館業(yè)　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：旅館是為公眾提供住宿和其他服務(wù)的商業(yè)性建筑設(shè)施與機(jī)構(gòu)的統(tǒng)稱(chēng),近代旅館業(yè)的興起與發(fā)展是中國(guó)旅游發(fā)展進(jìn)程中一個(gè)十分重要的現(xiàn)象。近年來(lái),近代旅游史研究逐漸展開(kāi),但有關(guān)近代旅館業(yè)的專(zhuān)題研究卻并不多見(jiàn)。本文專(zhuān)注于在近代歷史背景中探尋1912年至1937年旅館業(yè)的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),結(jié)合歷史學(xué)與旅游學(xué)、管理學(xué)的理論與方法,以典型企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)際和管理規(guī)則為樣本,深入分析近代旅館經(jīng)營(yíng)與管理特征及類(lèi)型、等級(jí)和行業(yè)管理相關(guān)內(nèi)容,以期能比較清晰地勾勒近代旅館行業(yè)發(fā)展的全貌。 全文除緒論、結(jié)語(yǔ)外,凡六章。緒論部分首先對(duì)旅館的相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定,回顧與分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外的相關(guān)研究成果并提出了文章的選題意義與主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn),最后介紹本文的研究思路、資料與論文框架。 第一章主要分析了近代旅館業(yè)發(fā)展背景。近代旅館業(yè)的發(fā)展與特定的歷史環(huán)境相關(guān)。民國(guó)建立以后,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)、人們收入的增加、交通事業(yè)的發(fā)展、近代城市的興起、政府部門(mén)的推動(dòng)、思想觀(guān)念的開(kāi)放等眾多因素促進(jìn)了近代旅館業(yè)的發(fā)展。而世界旅游業(yè)、尤其是西式飯店對(duì)中國(guó)近代旅館業(yè)產(chǎn)生了較大的影響。 第二章主要論述了近代旅館業(yè)的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。近代旅館業(yè)經(jīng)歷了初創(chuàng)、發(fā)展和繁盛三個(gè)階段,其中,1912年至1918年是以西式飯店的仿效經(jīng)營(yíng)為主的初創(chuàng)時(shí)期,民族資本開(kāi)始投資旅館業(yè),經(jīng)營(yíng)者著力于改進(jìn)建筑設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)施設(shè)備及服務(wù)項(xiàng)目；1919年至1927年間為發(fā)展時(shí)期,公寓、寄宿舍等長(zhǎng)住型接待設(shè)施應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,新式旅館在數(shù)量、規(guī)模都有較大的發(fā)展,舊式旅館也不斷提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量,整個(gè)行業(yè)的發(fā)展水平提升；1928年至1937年間,國(guó)內(nèi)涌現(xiàn)了一批規(guī)模宏大、設(shè)施一流、管理先進(jìn)的民族資本投資和管理的旅館企業(yè),各地景區(qū)旅館服務(wù)更加完善、公寓及交通旅館發(fā)展迅速,整個(gè)行業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)了由傳統(tǒng)旅館業(yè)向近代旅館業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變。 第三章主要討論近代旅館的服務(wù)、營(yíng)銷(xiāo)與管理。首先,近代旅館已經(jīng)由單一的住宿服務(wù)向綜合功能發(fā)展。其次,采用了人員推銷(xiāo)、價(jià)格策略、廣告宣傳等營(yíng)銷(xiāo)手段,營(yíng)銷(xiāo)理念呈現(xiàn)注重地址選擇、旅館名號(hào)等近代特征。再次,在管理上,許多新式旅館建立公司制、制定了財(cái)務(wù)管理、人員管理、安全管理等相關(guān)制度,采用了較先進(jìn)的管理方法。與此同時(shí),涌現(xiàn)了一批專(zhuān)業(yè)管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的高層管理人員。 第四章是有關(guān)近代典型企業(yè)的個(gè)案分析。具體的企業(yè)管理實(shí)踐更能反映管理思想,所以本文特地增加案例部分。首先,以國(guó)際飯店為分析對(duì)象,結(jié)合世界飯店業(yè)發(fā)展階段解析其豪華型飯店的經(jīng)營(yíng)特征,認(rèn)為國(guó)際飯店人本管理思想的經(jīng)營(yíng)特點(diǎn)與注重管理創(chuàng)新是成為30年代行業(yè)頂峰的主要原因；然后,文章繼續(xù)考察最大的旅游企業(yè)集團(tuán)——中國(guó)旅行社招待所業(yè)務(wù)的連鎖經(jīng)營(yíng),對(duì)連鎖經(jīng)營(yíng)各種形式及形成的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理特征進(jìn)行了歸納和總結(jié)。以上個(gè)案分析,有助于近代旅館企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理研究?jī)?nèi)容的深入。 第五章著重從旅館的類(lèi)型、等級(jí)與行業(yè)管理來(lái)勾勒近代旅館行業(yè)的整體發(fā)展情況。文章對(duì)近代旅館業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程中的旅館類(lèi)型、等級(jí)的各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了比較全面的梳理,并闡述了政府部門(mén)和行業(yè)組織兩個(gè)層面的行業(yè)管理狀況內(nèi)容,分析了管理的方式、目的及作用,并初步探討了旅館企業(yè)發(fā)展和行業(yè)管理之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系。 第六章是對(duì)近代旅館經(jīng)營(yíng)管理思想的總結(jié),包括旅館的定義、屬性與作用、旅館的經(jīng)營(yíng)與管理、旅館行業(yè)職業(yè)教育與人才培養(yǎng)、旅館業(yè)道德倫理西方旅館管理理論的介紹和評(píng)價(jià)等問(wèn)題,認(rèn)為隨著行業(yè)的發(fā)展,近代旅館管理思想不斷豐富并已形成初步的理論體系。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分總結(jié)了全文的要點(diǎn),即近代旅館業(yè)在西式飯店的刺激帶動(dòng)下和中西式旅館的探索中完成了傳統(tǒng)旅館業(yè)向近代旅館業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程。此外,對(duì)研究中的有待完善和深入的問(wèn)題作了補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。
[Abstract]:The hotel is referred to as commercial building facilities and institutions to provide accommodation and other services for the public, the rise and development of modern hotel industry is a very important phenomenon in the process of China tourism development. In recent years, the study of modern tourism history gradually expanded, but the research about the modern hotel industry development is rare. This paper focuses on the exploration from 1912 to 1937 the hotel industry in the modern historical background, combining history and tourism, the theory and method of management, with the typical enterprise management and management rules for the sample, in-depth analysis of the characteristics and types of operation and management of modern hotels, relevant content management level and industry, in order to clear the outline of the development of modern hotel industry in the picture.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the six chapter, the introduction part first defines the relevant concepts of hotels, reviews and analyzes the relevant research results both at home and abroad, and puts forward the significance and main innovations of the article. Finally, it introduces the research ideas, materials and framework of this article.
The first chapter mainly analyzes the background of modern hotel industry development. The development of modern hotel industry is related to the specific historical environment. After the establishment of the Republic, the social and economic growth, people's income increases, the development of the transportation, the rise of the modern city, the government departments to promote the opening of many factors such as ideas to promote the development of modern hotel the world tourism industry. Especially, western style hotel has great influence on the Chinese modern hotels.
The second chapter mainly discusses the development of modern hotel industry. Modern hotel industry has experienced three stages of start-up, development and prosperity, which, from 1912 to 1918 is the start-up period to follow the western style hotel management, the national capital began to invest in the hotel industry, the operators to improve the architectural design, facilities and services; 1919 to 1927 years of development period, apartment, dormitory as occupied reception facilities came into being, in the number of new hotels, the scale has a larger development, the old hotel also continuously improve service quality, enhance the development level of the whole industry; from 1928 to 1937, the emergence of a number of large-scale, first-class facilities, the national capital investment advanced management and management of hotel enterprises, around the scenic hotel service more perfect, the development of apartments and hotel traffic quickly, the entire industry achieved by the traditional hotel industry to A change in the modern hotel industry.
The third chapter mainly discusses the modern hotel service, marketing and management. Firstly, the modern hotel has developed from single to comprehensive residential service function. Secondly, the marketing personnel, pricing strategies, advertising and other marketing methods, marketing concept has focused on address selection, hotel name and other modern features. Thirdly, in the management. Many new hotels the establishment of company system, formulate financial management, personnel management, system security management, using the advanced management method. At the same time, the emergence of a number of professional management experience of senior management staff.
The fourth chapter is the case analysis of representative enterprises. The specific practice of enterprise management can reflect the management thought, so this paper specially added some cases. First of all, to the international hotel as the research object, combined with the characteristics of the world hotel industry development stage the luxury hotel business, international hotel management features that humanism management with the emphasis on the innovation of management is become the main reason for the industry in 30s peak; then, this paper continue to study the largest tourism group - China Travel Hostel business chain, and summarizes various forms of chain operation and the formation of standardized management features. The analysis is helpful to the modern hotel business management research the content of the research.
The fifth chapter focuses on the hotel type, grade and industry management to outline the overall development of modern hotel industry. The development of modern hotels in the hotel, a variety of standard grades were compared comprehensively. And the government departments and industry organizations in two aspects of the management of industry content analysis the way of management, purpose and function, and discusses the interactive relationship between enterprise development and the hotel industry management.
The sixth chapter is about the modern hotel management idea are summarized, including the definition of the hotel, property and function, operation and management of the hotel, the hotel industry occupation education and personnel training, the problem of hotel industry ethics of Western Hotel management theory introduction and evaluation, believes that with the development of the industry, the modern hotel management thought enriched and has the formation of its theoretical system.
The conclusion summarizes the main points of this paper, that is, the modern hotel industry has stimulated the transformation of the traditional hotel industry to the modern hotel industry in the Western Hotel stimulating and Western Chinese hotel exploration. Besides, the problems that need further improvement and further research in the study have been complemented.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F719

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