【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)語言學(xué)將隱喻視作一種語言現(xiàn)象,視作語言形式上的修辭,是語言裝飾的手段。近年來,由于認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的興起與發(fā)展,人們開始從認(rèn)知的角度對隱喻進(jìn)行深入的研究。與其它隱喻一樣,擬人隱喻同樣包含隱喻的認(rèn)知和思維特征,亟待從多角度進(jìn)行全面而系統(tǒng)的研究。然而,從修辭學(xué)的角度來闡釋擬人隱喻無法獲得認(rèn)知啟示。因此,本文基于概念隱喻理論,嘗試從認(rèn)知語義學(xué)的角度對《伊索寓言》中的擬人隱喻進(jìn)行更為科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)的研究。本文選取了由清華大學(xué)出版社出版的《伊索寓言》中的217個動物故事作為語料。首先,本文探討了《伊索寓言》中擬人隱喻的主要特點(diǎn),以揭示其認(rèn)知基礎(chǔ)和認(rèn)知傾向。同時,本文也全面地分析了擬人隱喻的語言特點(diǎn),包括動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞的隱喻使用,并對分別對它們的使用頻率進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì),以期發(fā)現(xiàn)擬人隱喻的認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。在《伊索寓言》的擬人隱喻中,動詞的隱喻使用頻率最高,而代詞的隱喻使用頻率最低。高頻動詞集是社會生活中人類將其生命屬性特征映射到動物身上的認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)過程和結(jié)果,而低頻代詞實(shí)則體現(xiàn)了英語中代詞的語言特征以及人類以己指物的認(rèn)知本質(zhì)與傾向。其次,本文全面考察了《伊索寓言》中擬人隱喻的意義建構(gòu)過程和認(rèn)知機(jī)制,發(fā)現(xiàn)ANIMALS ARE HUMANS是擬人隱喻的概念隱射機(jī)制。擬人隱喻的認(rèn)知理據(jù)在于人類和動物之間的相似性,因此,人類特有的屬性特征比如情緒、動作、言語、性格等會投射到動物身上。擬人隱喻在《伊索寓言》中的使用不僅增加了故事的生動性和趣味性,而且易于讀者更好地理解和接受�？傊�,擬人隱喻是一種有效的認(rèn)知工具,在意義的建構(gòu)和理解過程中起著重要的作用。本文從認(rèn)知語義學(xué)的角度分析《伊索寓言》中的擬人隱喻,尤其是概念隱喻理論在本研究中的運(yùn)用,不僅有助于我們挖掘擬人隱喻背后的隱喻機(jī)制,也對研究其他文學(xué)作品有所啟示。
[Abstract]:Traditional linguistics regards metaphor as a linguistic phenomenon, as a rhetoric in language form, and as a means of language decoration. In recent years, due to the rise and development of cognitive linguistics, metaphor has been deeply studied from the perspective of cognition. Like other metaphors, anthropomorphic metaphors contain the cognitive and thinking characteristics of metaphors, which need to be studied comprehensively and systematically from many angles. However, the interpretation of anthropomorphic metaphor from the perspective of rhetoric cannot obtain cognitive enlightenment. Therefore, based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, this paper attempts to make a more scientific and systematic study of anthropomorphic metaphor in Aesop's Fables from the perspective of cognitive semantics. This paper selects 217 animal stories from Aesop Fable published by Tsinghua University Press as a corpus. First of all, this paper discusses the main characteristics of anthropomorphic metaphor in Aesop to reveal its cognitive basis and cognitive tendency. At the same time, this paper also analyzes the linguistic characteristics of anthropomorphic metaphors, including verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns, and makes statistics on their frequency of use. In order to discover the cognitive experience basis of anthropomorphic metaphor. Among the anthropomorphic metaphors of Aesop, verbs have the highest metaphorical use and pronouns have the lowest metaphorical use. The set of high-frequency verbs is the cognitive experience and result of mapping the characteristics of human life attributes to animals in social life, while the low-frequency pronouns reflect the linguistic characteristics of pronouns in English and the cognitive nature and tendency of human beings to refer to themselves. Secondly, this paper comprehensively examines the meaning construction process and cognitive mechanism of anthropomorphic metaphor in Aesop's Fables, and finds that ANIMALS ARE HUMANS is the conceptual implicit mechanism of anthropomorphic metaphor. The cognitive motivation of anthropomorphic metaphor lies in the similarity between human beings and animals. Therefore, specific human attributes such as emotion, movement, speech, character and so on will be projected on animals. The use of anthropomorphic metaphor in Aesop Fables not only increases the vitality and interest of the story, but also is easier for readers to understand and accept. In a word, personification metaphor is an effective cognitive tool and plays an important role in the process of meaning construction and understanding. From the perspective of cognitive semantics, this paper analyzes anthropomorphic metaphors in Aesop's Fables, especially the application of conceptual metaphor theory in this study, which not only helps us to explore the metaphorical mechanism behind anthropomorphic metaphors, but also helps us to explore the metaphorical mechanisms behind anthropomorphic metaphors. It also gives some inspiration to the study of other literary works.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H313

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