【摘要】：近年來,旅游業(yè)作為第三產業(yè)的重要組成部分,正在世界各個國家快速向前發(fā)展。在中國這種現(xiàn)象尤為普遍,越來越多的外國游客來到中國探索其博大精深的文化及悠久歷史。而陪同口譯在導游和外國游客的交流之間起了相當重要的作用。日益劇增的入境游客對于合格陪同口譯的需要顯得愈加明顯,作為溝通的橋梁,優(yōu)秀的陪同口譯能夠帶給游客更好地旅游體驗。因此,對于景點陪同口譯的研究勢在必行。這種重要性開始吸引一些優(yōu)秀的學者和譯者對于陪同口譯的關注,他們從各個角度開展研究,這也對本實踐報告的撰寫提供了極大地支持。本篇報告是從德國目的論角度對西安景點陪同口譯的實踐內容來做出研究的。為了研究和解決實踐過程中出現(xiàn)的問題,筆者搜集了西安眾多旅游景點簡介資料,使得文章更具有現(xiàn)實意義。本報告旨在回答以下問題:1)在游覽過程中,導游、譯者及游客在不同情境下有何種不同目的?2)在口譯過程中遭遇到不可譯的單詞或表達時,景點陪同口譯如何在目的論指導下做出恰當選擇?本文為一篇西安陪同口譯實踐報告,文中所述的口譯任務是筆者于2016年七月在西安時所接受,委托人為一行在中國游覽的美國游客,所擔任的職務為陪同口譯。本文選取了西安幾大著名景點的陪同口譯過程為報告內容,敘述筆者的口譯實踐、處理問題的方法及譯后反思。實踐報告重點對譯前的準備、現(xiàn)場陪同口譯過程以及譯后的反思進行闡述。首先,通過對資料的收集展示譯前的準備;其次,通過闡述筆者的整個口譯內容,向讀者呈現(xiàn)筆者在口譯過程中遇到的幾個實際問題,主要有不可譯專有名詞、譯員長時記憶問題、高密度信息、文化差異以及不可預見;最后,通過譯后反思,總結出一些的處理技巧和方法,包括詢問、模仿、模糊概括、省略、意譯、直譯以及補充說明等。翻譯實踐結束后,筆者歸納總結了上述提出兩個問題并得出相應結論。第一,此次翻譯實踐中所涉及的翻譯目的主要有:保證流暢的談話交流,促成游客與商販間的購買行為,配合與導游小李間的合作從而更好地完成游覽行程等等。第二,當遇到不可譯的單詞或表達,或遇到口譯過程中的歷史和文化障礙,宗教障礙,俚語障礙及口音障礙時,口譯員仍應充分考慮語言交流背景并做出最佳翻譯策略的選擇。在此次翻譯實踐中,筆者應對該情況使用最多的翻譯策略主要有詢問、補充說明及音譯等。筆者希望通過對自己實踐的闡述和報告可以給其他從事口譯行業(yè)的譯員提供一個選擇翻譯策略的全新視角,也給其他從事境內陪同口譯工作的譯員提供幫助和借鑒。同時,筆者希望為陪同口譯這一領域的研究者們提供和積累更多的實例經驗,從而推動該領域研究的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, tourism, as an important part of the tertiary industry, is developing rapidly in all countries of the world. This phenomenon is particularly common in China, where more and more foreign tourists come to explore its profound culture and long history. The accompanying interpretation plays a very important role in the communication between tour guides and foreign tourists. As a bridge of communication, excellent accompanying interpretation can bring tourists a better tourism experience. Therefore, it is imperative to study the accompanying interpretation of scenic spots. This importance has begun to attract the attention of some outstanding scholars and translators. They have carried out research from various angles, which has provided great support for the writing of this practical report. From the perspective of German Skopos, this paper studies the practical content of Xi'an scenic spot escort interpretation. In order to study and solve the problems in the process of practice, the author collected a number of tourist attractions in Xi'an brief information, making the article more practical significance. The purpose of this report is to answer the following questions: 1) what are the different purposes of tour guides, translators and tourists in different situations? 2) when untranslatable words or expressions are encountered in the course of interpretation, How to make an appropriate choice under the guidance of Skopos Theory? This paper is a practical report on Xi'an escort interpreting, which is accepted by the author in Xi'an in July 2016. The client is an American tourist visiting China and his duties are accompanied interpretation. This paper selects the accompanying interpretation process of several famous scenic spots in Xi'an as the content of the report, narrates the author's interpretation practice, the methods to deal with the problems and the post-translation reflection. The practice report focuses on pre-translation preparation, on-the-spot accompanying interpretation process and post-translation introspection. First of all, through the collection of materials to demonstrate the preparation of the translation; Secondly, by expounding the author's whole interpretation content, the author presents to readers several practical problems encountered in the process of interpreting, such as untranslatable proper nouns, long term memory of interpreters, high density of information, cultural differences and unpredictability. Finally, through post-translation reflection, some techniques and methods are summarized, including inquiry, imitation, vague generalization, ellipsis, free translation, literal translation and supplementary explanation. After the translation practice, the author summarizes the above two questions and draws the corresponding conclusions. First, the translation purposes involved in this translation practice are as follows: to ensure smooth conversation and exchange, to promote the purchase behavior between tourists and vendors, to cooperate with the tour guide Xiao Li, and to complete the tour trip better, and so on. Second, when confronted with untranslatable words or expressions, or historical and cultural barriers, religious barriers, slang barriers and accent barriers in interpreting, interpreters should still take full account of the background of language communication and make the choice of the best translation strategies. In this translation practice, the author should use the most frequently used translation strategies, such as inquiry, supplementary explanation and transliteration. The author hopes that the introduction and report of his own practice can provide an entirely new perspective to other interpreters engaged in interpreting industry to choose translation strategies, as well as help and draw lessons from other interpreters engaged in domestic escort interpreting. At the same time, the author hopes to provide and accumulate more practical experience for the researchers in the field of accompanying interpretation, so as to promote the development of the research in this field.
【學位授予單位】：江西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9

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