《生活大爆炸》字幕翻譯中的缺失研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-18 22:33
【摘要】：21世紀伊始,美劇在中國掀起了網絡觀看的熱潮。美劇在帶來外國娛樂的同時,也深化了中外文化的交流與傳播。隨著美劇論壇、美劇字幕組的大量出現(xiàn),字幕翻譯在跨文化交流中的角色日益重要。在眾多美劇中,《生活大爆炸》是以刻畫美國民眾日常生活為題材的情景喜劇,備受廣大中國觀眾的喜愛與追捧。它的字幕翻譯也成了研究者們紛紛關注的對象。在肯定本劇字幕翻譯的成績的同時,也要意識到其中還存在著不少問題。本文歸納了該劇字幕翻譯的五點不足之處,即濫用方言網絡語;誤用古典語文與俗語;替換及忽略概念;違背情境的設置;缺乏適當的注釋。第一點不足產生的原因是譯者違背了語域的原則,該原則要求在一定的語境中要使用適合該語境的恰當的語言;對于第二點不足,譯者不當地使用了習語來翻譯字幕。以上兩點不足可以用莫娜貝克關于“語域”與“習語和搭配”的翻譯策略來解釋。后三點不足忽視了翻譯需要傳遞文化,反映異域風情的作用,也體現(xiàn)出了字幕翻譯的兩種缺失,即過度歸化和漏譯。前者主要造成了異國情調的缺失,而后者則造成了文化更新的缺失。這幾點可以借韋努蒂的異化翻譯理論來說明。文本缺失具有多層次、多區(qū)域的跨范圍特征,借以支持的理論說明就要采取多元問題多元處理的原則。在對每一類型的案例進行細致分析時,借鑒韋努蒂的異化的翻譯理論及莫娜貝克關于語域與習語的翻譯策略,從譯者的翻譯態(tài)度和傾向,觀眾對譯文的需求和期待,情境的要求,詞語及概念的準正確含義等方面進行了探討,并提供了既符合通順要求,又能夠推動文化更新,保存異國情調的譯文。從案例分析中可以看出,美劇字幕翻譯產生不足的主要原因在于:(1)譯者更注重翻譯的輔助娛樂功能,忽視翻譯的文化傳播功能;(2)不能嚴肅對待譯者的角色,也不能嚴肅地對待源文本,篡改臺詞的現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生;(3)對翻譯的策略和具體辦法把握不足。針對以上五方面不足,可以采用以下幾個一般性策略進行改進,包括:(1)譯文應盡量使用標準語;(2)恰當評估特定文化概念在劇中的作用;(3)把握人物的性格和情境;(4)在有礙劇情理解或文化缺省的地方進行注釋等。這些策略與問題之間并非一一對應的關系,翻譯時必須要綜合考察才行。本文通過對《生活大爆炸》字幕翻譯不足之處的研究,旨在為提高美劇字幕翻譯的質量,更好地反映美國的社會文化生活提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21 st century, American TV dramas have set off an upsurge of online viewing in China. American dramas not only bring foreign entertainment, but also deepen the exchange and dissemination of Chinese and foreign cultures. With the emergence of American TV drama forums and subtitle groups, subtitle translation plays an increasingly important role in cross-cultural communication. Among many American TV dramas, the Big Bang Theory is a sitcom with the theme of depicting the daily life of the American people. Subtitle translation has also become the focus of attention of researchers. While affirming the results of subtitle translation, we should also realize that there are still many problems. This paper summarizes the five shortcomings of subtitle translation of the play, namely, the abuse of dialect network language, the misuse of classical Chinese and colloquial language, the replacement and neglect of the concept, the setting of the contrary situation and the lack of proper annotation. The first reason is that the translator has violated the register principle, which requires the use of the appropriate language in a certain context; for the second deficiency, the translator improperly uses idioms to translate subtitles. The above two shortcomings can be explained by Monabeck's translation strategies of register and idiom and collocation. The latter three points ignore the need for translation to convey culture and reflect the role of exotic customs, and also reflect the two deficiencies of subtitle translation, that is, excessive domestication and omission of translation. The former mainly caused the lack of exotic sentiment, while the latter caused the lack of cultural renewal. These points can be illustrated by Weinuti's alienation translation theory. The missing text has the characteristics of multi-level, multi-region and cross-scope, so the theory to support it is to adopt the principle of multivariate treatment of multivariate problems. In the detailed analysis of each type of cases, we draw lessons from Weinuti's foreignization translation theory and Monabeck's translation strategy on register and idiom, from the translator's attitude and tendency to translation, the audience's demand and expectation for the translation. This paper probes into the requirements of the situation, the quasi-correct meaning of words and concepts, and provides a translation that not only meets the requirements of smoothness, but also promotes the cultural renewal and preserves the exotic sentiment. It can be seen from the case analysis that the main reasons for the insufficiency of subtitle translation of American TV series are: (1) translators pay more attention to the auxiliary entertainment function of translation and neglect the cultural communication function of translation; (2) the translator's role cannot be taken seriously, nor can the source text be taken seriously, and the phenomenon of tampering with the lines occurs from time to time; (3) the strategies and concrete methods of translation are not well understood. In view of the above five deficiencies, the following general strategies can be adopted: (1) the standard language should be used as far as possible in the translation, (2) the role of specific cultural concepts in the play should be properly assessed; (3) to grasp the character and situation of the characters, (4) to comment on places that hinder the understanding of the plot or cultural default. These strategies and problems do not correspond to one-to-one relationship, translation must be a comprehensive study. Through the study of the inadequacies of subtitle translation in the Big Bang Theory of Life, this paper aims to provide a reference for improving the quality of subtitle translation and better reflecting the social and cultural life of the United States.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
本文編號：2341480
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21 st century, American TV dramas have set off an upsurge of online viewing in China. American dramas not only bring foreign entertainment, but also deepen the exchange and dissemination of Chinese and foreign cultures. With the emergence of American TV drama forums and subtitle groups, subtitle translation plays an increasingly important role in cross-cultural communication. Among many American TV dramas, the Big Bang Theory is a sitcom with the theme of depicting the daily life of the American people. Subtitle translation has also become the focus of attention of researchers. While affirming the results of subtitle translation, we should also realize that there are still many problems. This paper summarizes the five shortcomings of subtitle translation of the play, namely, the abuse of dialect network language, the misuse of classical Chinese and colloquial language, the replacement and neglect of the concept, the setting of the contrary situation and the lack of proper annotation. The first reason is that the translator has violated the register principle, which requires the use of the appropriate language in a certain context; for the second deficiency, the translator improperly uses idioms to translate subtitles. The above two shortcomings can be explained by Monabeck's translation strategies of register and idiom and collocation. The latter three points ignore the need for translation to convey culture and reflect the role of exotic customs, and also reflect the two deficiencies of subtitle translation, that is, excessive domestication and omission of translation. The former mainly caused the lack of exotic sentiment, while the latter caused the lack of cultural renewal. These points can be illustrated by Weinuti's alienation translation theory. The missing text has the characteristics of multi-level, multi-region and cross-scope, so the theory to support it is to adopt the principle of multivariate treatment of multivariate problems. In the detailed analysis of each type of cases, we draw lessons from Weinuti's foreignization translation theory and Monabeck's translation strategy on register and idiom, from the translator's attitude and tendency to translation, the audience's demand and expectation for the translation. This paper probes into the requirements of the situation, the quasi-correct meaning of words and concepts, and provides a translation that not only meets the requirements of smoothness, but also promotes the cultural renewal and preserves the exotic sentiment. It can be seen from the case analysis that the main reasons for the insufficiency of subtitle translation of American TV series are: (1) translators pay more attention to the auxiliary entertainment function of translation and neglect the cultural communication function of translation; (2) the translator's role cannot be taken seriously, nor can the source text be taken seriously, and the phenomenon of tampering with the lines occurs from time to time; (3) the strategies and concrete methods of translation are not well understood. In view of the above five deficiencies, the following general strategies can be adopted: (1) the standard language should be used as far as possible in the translation, (2) the role of specific cultural concepts in the play should be properly assessed; (3) to grasp the character and situation of the characters, (4) to comment on places that hinder the understanding of the plot or cultural default. These strategies and problems do not correspond to one-to-one relationship, translation must be a comprehensive study. Through the study of the inadequacies of subtitle translation in the Big Bang Theory of Life, this paper aims to provide a reference for improving the quality of subtitle translation and better reflecting the social and cultural life of the United States.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
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