【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)綜合國(guó)力的日益強(qiáng)盛,國(guó)家的國(guó)際化水平也越來(lái)越高。因此,近年來(lái)越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)友人不斷涌向中國(guó)。他們最先接觸也是最常接觸到的莫過(guò)于公示語(yǔ)。在這種情況下,公示語(yǔ)翻譯的規(guī)范化和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化就顯得尤為重要。我國(guó)外語(yǔ)界專家學(xué)者對(duì)于公示語(yǔ)翻譯的研究不知凡幾。但大多數(shù)都集中于城市,旅游、交通、商業(yè)、學(xué)校等領(lǐng)域,有關(guān)于醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語(yǔ)翻譯的研究卻寥若晨星,關(guān)于天津市的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語(yǔ)翻譯中存在的問(wèn)題更是幾乎空白。而醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)作為一個(gè)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)至極,爭(zhēng)分奪秒的場(chǎng)所,公示語(yǔ)的翻譯更是容不得半點(diǎn)馬虎。翻譯研究發(fā)展近百年,中西方的翻譯理論、原則可謂“百家爭(zhēng)鳴”�？v覽國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于公示語(yǔ)翻譯研究的論文,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),似乎每個(gè)理論都能和公示語(yǔ)翻譯沾上點(diǎn)邊。各家有各家的理,理論支撐可謂五花八門。但是在這些相關(guān)研究中,絕大多數(shù)都是借著理論來(lái)指出錯(cuò)誤,并“發(fā)明”出一個(gè)自己認(rèn)為正確的版本。然而,這些研究都忽略了一個(gè)非常重要的因素,那就是:我們“發(fā)明”出來(lái)的譯本是否被目標(biāo)語(yǔ)國(guó)家的人所接受?意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn),林克難教授提出了“看譯寫”原則(后來(lái)為了說(shuō)明此“譯”非彼“譯”,改為“看易寫”),專門針對(duì)實(shí)用英語(yǔ)翻譯。旨在啟發(fā)大家在做公示語(yǔ)翻譯研究時(shí),要著眼于和源語(yǔ)言相同或相似的目標(biāo)語(yǔ)文本,而不是閉門造車,自己琢磨。本文在“看易寫”原則的指導(dǎo)下,以天津市的6家大型醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的公示語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)翻譯為例,從單詞低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤,字字對(duì)譯,用詞不當(dāng),缺乏統(tǒng)一性等角度分析了諸多失當(dāng)之處,并結(jié)合數(shù)十家以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)國(guó)家的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)或官方網(wǎng)站的真實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)給出建議譯文。力圖通過(guò)真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)和系統(tǒng)的闡述,論證“看易寫”原則對(duì)于公示語(yǔ)翻譯有著極大的指導(dǎo)意義。希望可以引起相關(guān)政府部門的關(guān)注,把醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語(yǔ)翻譯改革提上議程。修正錯(cuò)誤,統(tǒng)一規(guī)范,從而進(jìn)一步提升我們的城市形象。此外,在論文第五章,作者專門總結(jié)了醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn),以表格的形式羅列出醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯的前綴,詞根,后綴及其各自的含義。旨在說(shuō)明醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)的構(gòu)詞有其自身特點(diǎn)及規(guī)律。在翻譯時(shí)切忌字字對(duì)譯,隨心所欲。
[Abstract]:With the increasing strength of China's comprehensive national strength, the international level of the country is becoming higher and higher. As a result, more and more foreign friends have flocked to China in recent years. The first and most common contact they had was with public signs. In this case, the standardization and standardization of translation of public signs is particularly important. Chinese foreign language experts and scholars do not know much about the translation of public signs. However, most of them are concentrated in the fields of cities, tourism, transportation, commerce, schools, etc. There are few researches on the translation of public signs of medical institutions, and the problems in translating public signs of medical institutions in Tianjin are almost blank. Medical institutions as a rigorous, race against the clock, the translation of public signs can not tolerate the slightest sloppy. With the development of translation studies for nearly 100 years, the principles of translation theory in China and the West can be described as "a hundred schools of thought contend". We can find that every theory can touch with the translation of public signs. There are different theories to support each other. But most of these studies use theory to point out mistakes and "invent" a version that they think is right. However, these studies have neglected a very important factor, that is, whether the translation we "invented" has been accepted by the people in the target country. Aware of this point, Professor Linkanan put forward the principle of "reading translation and writing" (later to explain the translation of "not another", changed to "easy to read and write"), and specifically aimed at practical English translation. The purpose of this paper is to enlighten people to study the translation of public signs by focusing on the same or similar target languages as the source language, rather than working behind closed doors and pondering on their own. Under the guidance of the principle of "looking at easy to write" and taking the translation of public signs in 6 large medical institutions in Tianjin as an example, this paper analyzes many misunderstandings from the angles of word-level errors, word-for-word translation, improper use of words, lack of uniformity, and so on. Combined with real data from dozens of native English-speaking medical institutions or official websites, the recommendations are translated. This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of "easy to see and write" has great guiding significance for translation of public signs through real data and systematic exposition. It is hoped that the reform of the translation of public signs in medical institutions will be put on the agenda. Correct the mistake, unify the norm, thus further enhance our city image. In the fifth chapter, the author summarizes the word-formation characteristics of medical terms and lists the prefixes, roots, suffixes and their respective meanings in the form of tables. The purpose of this paper is to explain that the formation of medical English has its own characteristics and rules. In translation, never translate word for word and do whatever you want.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9

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