【摘要】：本文以構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法為理論依據(jù),主要對(duì)漢語(yǔ)“越A越B”構(gòu)式及英語(yǔ)the X-er,the Y-er構(gòu)式進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,旨在探究二者在構(gòu)式及構(gòu)式義這兩方面的特點(diǎn)。本研究的漢英語(yǔ)料分別選自北京大學(xué)中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究中心語(yǔ)料庫(kù)和美國(guó)當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)�；谡Z(yǔ)料庫(kù),本文對(duì)“越A越B”和the X-er,the Y-er所包含成分的詞性特點(diǎn)與搭配,及整個(gè)構(gòu)式的句法特點(diǎn)作了定量分析,并進(jìn)一步用定性的方法分析了它們的構(gòu)式義以及構(gòu)式限制。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文運(yùn)用比較法探討了這兩個(gè)構(gòu)式在這些方面的共性和差異�！霸紸越B”構(gòu)式和the X-er,the Y-er構(gòu)式的相同點(diǎn)有:1.在構(gòu)式特點(diǎn)上,1)二者都是標(biāo)記性構(gòu)式,且由固定成分(分別為“越”和the)及變量成分(分別為A,B和X and Y)構(gòu)成;2)就變量成分的詞性而言,一個(gè)顯著的特點(diǎn)就是都可以且頻繁地作形容詞;3)這兩個(gè)構(gòu)式可以整體在單句中充當(dāng)成分,有時(shí)越A(the X-er)、越B(the Y-er)也可以在復(fù)句中分別作成分;4)兩個(gè)構(gòu)式中的某些成分有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象。2.在構(gòu)式義上,1)二者具有倚變關(guān)系,包括常態(tài)倚變和異態(tài)倚變;2)二者還可以表達(dá)條件義和因果義;3)A、B、X和Y的詞性都受它們所在構(gòu)式的限制,進(jìn)入兩個(gè)構(gòu)式的形容詞必須具有可變性的特點(diǎn)�！霸紸越B”構(gòu)式和the X-er,the Y-er構(gòu)式的不同點(diǎn)有:1.在構(gòu)式特點(diǎn)上,1)“越”是副詞性關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ),而the是置于句首的標(biāo)句詞;2)較之X、Y,A、B的詞性種類更多,因?yàn)榍罢呤苡⒄Z(yǔ)比較級(jí)用法的限制;3)“越A越B”構(gòu)式有時(shí)會(huì)與一些標(biāo)記詞連用,主要有三類——否定類、條件類和轉(zhuǎn)折類,而倒裝是the X-er,the Y-er獨(dú)有的構(gòu)式特點(diǎn)。2.在構(gòu)式限制上,“越A越B”不能與完成體連用,而the X-er,the Y-er不能出現(xiàn)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣句中。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of construction grammar, this paper focuses on the contrastive study of the Chinese construction of "over A over B" and the English the X-erthe Y-er construction in order to explore the characteristics of the two constructions in terms of construction and construction meaning. The Chinese-English corpus of this study is selected from the Chinese Linguistics Research Center of Peking University and the American Contemporary English Corpus. Based on the corpus, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of the part of speech and collocation of the components contained in "crossing A over B" and the X-erthe Y-er, as well as the syntactic characteristics of the whole construction, and further analyzes their constructional meanings and constructional limitations by qualitative method. On this basis, the paper discusses the similarities and differences of the two constructions in these aspects by means of comparative method. The similarities between the "A and B" constructions and the X-erer Y-er constructions are as follows: 1. Both of them are marked constructions, and they are composed of fixed components ("Yue" and the) and variable components (Agna B and X and Y, respectively) as far as the part of speech of variable components is concerned. A notable feature is that both can and frequently be used as adjectives 3) these two constructions can act as elements in a single sentence as a whole. Sometimes the A (the X-er), the Y-er can also be used as a component in the complex sentence. Some of the components in the two constructions sometimes appear ellipsis. In terms of construction meaning, there is a bias relationship between them, including normal bias and heteromorphic bias. They can also express conditional meaning and causal meaning 3) the parts of speech of AZBX and Y are all restricted by their constructions. Adjectives entering two constructions must be characterized by variability. The difference between the "cross A and B" constructions and the X-ern the Y-er constructions is: 1. (1) "Yue" is an adverb relative word, while "the" is a marker word "2" placed at the beginning of a sentence. Because the former is restricted by the English comparative usage (3) the construction of "Yue A over B" is sometimes used with some markers, including three kinds of negative, conditional and turning classes, while inversion is the unique construction characteristic of the X-erthe Y-er. In construction limitation, "crossing A and B" can not be used with perfect aspect, while the X-erthe Y-er can not appear in subjunctive modal sentence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H146.3;H314.3

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