本文選題：委婉語 + 概念隱喻�。� 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：委婉語是一種常見的語言現(xiàn)象,很早以來就出現(xiàn)在人們的日常生活中,并在語言交際和社會(huì)生活中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。委婉語的研究一直受到語言學(xué)家的重視,眾多學(xué)者圍繞著委婉語的定義、成因、構(gòu)成方式及社會(huì)功能等方面對(duì)其展開了廣泛的研究,但較少關(guān)注其意義構(gòu)建的方式和理據(jù)。隨著認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的興起,學(xué)者們對(duì)委婉語的研究也逐漸從探討其構(gòu)成方式和語用功能上轉(zhuǎn)向認(rèn)知方向。但目前的大部分研究篇幅著重于在單一的、松散的文本中對(duì)委婉語的隱喻分析,缺乏對(duì)其理解機(jī)制和動(dòng)態(tài)意義構(gòu)建的相關(guān)探討。本研究以認(rèn)知語言學(xué)中的概念隱喻理論、概念整合理論和架構(gòu)理論為理論框架,對(duì)美國(guó)電臺(tái)演講中最新的政治委婉語的理解機(jī)制和意義構(gòu)建過程進(jìn)行認(rèn)知分析,歸納其中主要的隱喻類型,并論證架構(gòu)語篇形成的背后動(dòng)因。本文的語料來自于2015年6月至2016年9月間美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的每周電臺(tái)演講中關(guān)于政治的部分,字?jǐn)?shù)約為45100詞,筆者運(yùn)用定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)其在概念隱喻、概念整合和架構(gòu)理論的方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。通過對(duì)所選語料中委婉語的研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)概念隱喻理論和概念整合理論均對(duì)于委婉語的認(rèn)知構(gòu)建具有較強(qiáng)的闡釋性。概念隱喻理論強(qiáng)調(diào)從源域至目標(biāo)域或在單一域內(nèi)的映射,概念整合理論則將委婉語研究引入了動(dòng)態(tài)、開放的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)概念隱喻理論在跨空間的映射過程中不斷凸顯積極事物的源域、弱化消極事物的目標(biāo)域,從而達(dá)到委婉的效果。在所選文本中,主要出現(xiàn)的隱喻類型有旅程隱喻、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)隱喻、建筑隱喻、方向隱喻、人體隱喻、物體隱喻以及自然隱喻等。(3)架構(gòu)理論能夠較為具體地闡釋政治委婉語背后的認(rèn)知?jiǎng)右颉Ｆ渲械缆�、美�?guó)夢(mèng)等架構(gòu)體現(xiàn)了人們勇于追求幸福、尋求自我發(fā)展的觀念,而團(tuán)結(jié)、疾病等架構(gòu)則反映了社會(huì)中共情能力的重要性。當(dāng)激活的架構(gòu)符合人們內(nèi)在的價(jià)值觀念時(shí),語篇中對(duì)應(yīng)的觀點(diǎn)才能深入人心。
[Abstract]:Euphemism is a common language phenomenon, which has appeared in people's daily life for a long time and plays an important role in language communication and social life. The study of euphemism has been paid much attention by linguists. Many scholars have carried out extensive research on euphemism in terms of its definition, cause, formation and social function, but less attention has been paid to the way and motivation of its meaning construction. With the rise of cognitive linguistics, scholars' research on euphemism has gradually shifted from exploring its composition and pragmatic functions to a cognitive direction. However, most of the current studies focus on the metaphorical analysis of euphemism in a single, loose text, and lack of relevant research on its understanding mechanism and dynamic meaning construction. Based on the conceptual metaphor theory, conceptual integration theory and framework theory in cognitive linguistics, this study makes a cognitive analysis of the understanding mechanism and meaning construction process of the latest political euphemisms in American radio speeches. The main metaphorical types are summarized and the motivation behind the formation of structural discourse is demonstrated. The corpus of this paper is from the political part of the weekly radio speech of the President of the United States from June 2015 to September 2016, which is about 45100 words. The author uses the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to analyze its conceptual metaphors. Conceptual integration and architecture theory are analyzed in detail. Through the study of euphemism in the selected corpus, it is found that: (1) Conceptual metaphor theory and conceptual integration theory have a strong explanatory effect on the cognitive construction of euphemism. Conceptual metaphor theory emphasizes mapping from source domain to target domain or within a single domain, while conceptual integration theory introduces euphemism into the dynamic. (2) Conceptual metaphor theory constantly highlights the source domain of positive things and weakens the target domain of negative things in the process of mapping across spaces, thus achieving euphemism. In the selected texts, the main types of metaphors are journey metaphors, war metaphors, architectural metaphors, directional metaphors, human body metaphors. (3) the theory of structure can explain the cognitive motivation behind political euphemism more concretely. Among them, the road, the American dream and other structures embody people's idea of pursuing happiness and self-development, while the structure of solidarity and disease reflects the importance of the ability of social communists. When the activated structure accords with people's intrinsic values, the corresponding views in the discourse can be deeply rooted in people's hearts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H313

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