本文關(guān)鍵詞： “名詞格” “無助詞” “が” “は” “省略”　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,日語是黏著語。日語中的名詞只有和助詞結(jié)合之后才能作句子成分。從句法學(xué)的角度來看,這種名詞和助詞結(jié)合之后所構(gòu)成的句子成分稱其為“名詞格”或“名詞的格形式”。但是在口語中常�？梢钥吹矫~后面不附加助詞也可以做句子成分、表達(dá)意義的現(xiàn)象,其中“が”和“は”省略所構(gòu)成的“裸格”現(xiàn)象,既是語法研究的難題之一,也是爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)。因此,本論文以“‘が’、‘は’的基本用法與省略”為題,從用法的角度出發(fā)來敘述“が”、“は”可以省略的情況以及不可以省略的情況等問題。格助詞“が”具有以下四種用法:(1)位于主格位置,表示動(dòng)作、存在、狀態(tài)、變化的主體;(2)表示感情、愿望、評(píng)價(jià)以及能力的對(duì)象;(3)位于“NはNが句型”中的“が”包括兩種類型:一種是表示對(duì)象的“が”,另一種是表示部分的“が”;(4)表示排他含義。其中常�？梢钥吹奖硎局黧w以及對(duì)象的“が”被省略的現(xiàn)象。相反,由于表示部分的“が”其排他含義比較強(qiáng)烈,所以不能省略。同時(shí),表示排他用法的“が”包括“…のが”、“…がいちばん”、“…のほうが”等句型,由于這些句型其特定含義較強(qiáng),所以表示排他用法的“が”是不可以被省略的。提示助詞“は”具有提示主題的功能。具有提示主題功能的“は”是可以被省略的。除此之外,“は”還具有對(duì)比的功能,其中包括主題(主格)的對(duì)比用法、補(bǔ)語的對(duì)比用法、賓語的對(duì)比用法以及對(duì)象語的對(duì)比用法等內(nèi)容,而表示對(duì)比用法的“は”是不可以被省略的。本論文以簡(jiǎn)練易懂的語言從用法的角度出發(fā)來敘述“が”、“は”可以省略的情況以及不可以省略的情況等問題,以此來說明“が”和“は”用法的不同之處。通過本論文所敘述的內(nèi)容能為日語教育提供一些幫助,也為自己今后的研究打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As we all know, Japanese is a sticky language. Nouns in Japanese can only be used as sentence components after they are combined with auxiliary words. The sentence elements formed by the combination of nouns and auxiliary words refer to them as "noun case" or "noun case form". However, in spoken English, we can often see that nouns can also be used as sentence elements to express meaning without adding auxiliary words to nouns. The phenomenon of "nudity" formed by the ellipsis of "Li" and "Li" is not only one of the difficult problems in grammatical research, but also the focus of debate. From the point of view of usage, this paper narrates the situation that "Hu", "Hu" can be omitted and the situation that can not be omitted. The auxiliary word "Hu" has the following four usages: 1) in the position of subject case, indicating action, existence, state, etc. The main body of change is emotion, desire, The object of evaluation and capability, named "Li", includes two types: one is to represent the "Li" of the object, and the other is to represent the partial "Li" (4) for exclusivity. The table is often seen in it. The phenomenon that the subject and the object's "Li" are omitted. On the contrary, Because of the strong exclusive meaning of the "Li" in the representation part, it cannot be omitted. At the same time, the "Li", "鈥，

本文編號(hào)：1529218