本文選題：路遙 + 交叉地帶　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《平凡的世界》力圖通過描寫急劇變動(dòng)的改革時(shí)代對(duì)人物命運(yùn)的影響,書寫"民族的秘史"。本論文借用雷蒙·威廉斯關(guān)于"殘余(residual)"和"新興(emergent)"的理論解釋路遙筆下人物表現(xiàn)出的文化特質(zhì),通過將田福堂、孫玉亭、孫少平與孫少安四人劃分為"殘余"人物與"新興"人物,分析這四人的命運(yùn)所折射的時(shí)代變遷,研究作為"感覺結(jié)構(gòu)(structures of feeling)"的"交叉地帶"。首先,分析作為"殘余"人物的田福堂與孫玉亭。從兩人進(jìn)入政治運(yùn)動(dòng)的身份與邏輯出發(fā),通過分析他們應(yīng)對(duì)改革的方式與結(jié)局,研究這兩位"殘余"人物在改革中面對(duì)的復(fù)雜矛盾。通過描寫田福堂這個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村政治家的掙扎與順從,路遙展示了"殘余"能動(dòng)的一面;通過描寫孫玉亭這個(gè)流氓無產(chǎn)者的失落與逃避,路遙展示了 "殘余"消極的一面。其次,分析"新興"人物之一——浪漫的、非理性的孫少平。從《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》中的徐改霞、《人生》中的高加林與孫少平在進(jìn)城問題上的異同出發(fā),分析孫少平關(guān)于城市的浪漫想象;通過分析孫少平從鄉(xiāng)村教師到攬工漢再到煤礦工人的身份轉(zhuǎn)變,論證孫少平這種想象的非理性。再次,分析"新興"人物之二——現(xiàn)實(shí)的、理性的孫少安。以《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》中的梁生寶、《父子倆》中的高三星與孫少安對(duì)待集體的不同態(tài)度為切入點(diǎn),通過梳理孫少安與田福堂的三次對(duì)峙,分析孫少安的現(xiàn)實(shí)一面。通過梳理孫少安的婚姻選擇、開辦磚廠、分家、修建學(xué)校等情節(jié),分析孫少安的理性一面。最后得出結(jié)論,即交叉地帶是矛盾交織的地帶,"殘余"與"新興"、"浪漫"與"現(xiàn)實(shí)"、"非理性"與"理性"、"斷裂"與"延續(xù)"等多重矛盾在那里交織,這種矛盾交織的狀態(tài)正是中國(guó)社會(huì)在轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的感覺結(jié)構(gòu)。而這也是路遙在今天的意義,通過呈現(xiàn)交叉地帶的諸多矛盾,他為我們解決今天的改革危機(jī)提供了資源。
[Abstract]:The ordinary World tries to write the secret history of the nation by describing the influence of the rapidly changing times on the fate of the characters. This thesis uses Ramon Williams' theory of "residual" and "emerging emergent" to explain the cultural characteristics of Lu Yao's characters, through Tian Fu-tang, Sun Yu-ting, Sun Shaoping and Sun Shaoan are divided into "remnant" characters and "new" characters. This paper analyzes the epoch changes reflected by the fate of these four people, and studies the "cross zone" as "structures of feeling structure". First of all, the analysis of Tian Futang and Sun Yu-ting as "residual" characters. Starting from the identity and logic of the two people entering the political movement, this paper analyzes the ways and outcomes of their coping with the reform, and studies the complex contradictions faced by these two "remnant" characters in the reform. By describing the struggle and obedience of Tian Fu-tang, a rural politician, Lu Yao shows a "residual" dynamic side, while Lu Yao shows a "residual" negative side by describing the loss and escape of Sun Yu-ting, a rogue proletarian. Secondly, analyze one of the new characters-romantic, irrational Sun Shaoping. Starting from the similarities and differences between Gao Jialin and Sun Shaoping in Xu Jianxia in the History of Entrepreneurship and Sun Shaoping in the History of Entrepreneurship, this paper analyzes Sun Shaoping's romantic imagination about the city. By analyzing the transformation of Sun Shaoping's identity from rural teacher to worker and then to coal miner, this paper demonstrates the irrationality of Sun Shaoping's imagination. Third, the analysis of the "new" character two-realistic, rational Sun Shaoan. Taking Liang Shengbao in the History of Entrepreneurship and Gao Samsung and Sun Shaoan in the History of Entrepreneurship as the breakthrough points, this paper analyzes the realistic side of Sun Shao-an by combing the three confrontations between Sun Shao-an and Tian Fu-tang. Through combing Sun Shaoan's choice of marriage, opening brick factory, separating family, constructing school and so on, the rational side of Sun Shaoan is analyzed. Finally, it is concluded that the intersecting zones are intertwined with contradictions, such as "residual" and "emerging", "romance" and "reality", "irrationality" and "rationality", "fracture" and "continuation", etc. This kind of contradictory intertwined state is the feeling structure of Chinese society in the transition period. And this is what Lu Yao means today. By presenting many contradictions across the border, he has provided resources for us to resolve today's crisis of reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.42

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