本文選題：西周 + 墓葬　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以西周時(shí)期墓葬中出土的青銅明器為研究對(duì)象,所涉及的墓葬共計(jì)97座,出土青銅明器430多件。首先,按照都邑與封國的區(qū)別,分類梳理目前所見的青銅明器墓,其次,對(duì)出土的青銅明器進(jìn)行形制分析,進(jìn)而對(duì)墓葬進(jìn)行再分期,最終劃分為三期。最后,在分期基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)出土青銅明器的種類、組合狀況、擺放位置以及墓葬等級(jí)、族屬、葬俗等六個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究與探討。本文共分七個(gè)部分。第一部分,為緒論。首先對(duì)“青銅明器”的概念進(jìn)行界定,然后對(duì)前人的研究成果進(jìn)行總結(jié)及評(píng)述,進(jìn)而點(diǎn)明本文的選題意義。同時(shí)對(duì)本文的研究方法作概括介紹,最后對(duì)出土的青銅明器的時(shí)空范圍、種類、墓葬等級(jí)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等作相關(guān)說明。第二部分,由三小部分組成。按照國別的不同,對(duì)目前西周墓葬中出土的青銅明器分別進(jìn)行概述,暫無法判定國別的墓葬均以現(xiàn)在地理行政區(qū)劃為準(zhǔn)。第三部分,對(duì)出土的青銅明器作形制分析,依據(jù)典型器物的共存關(guān)系把銅明器分4組,與之相關(guān)墓葬也分為4組,這4組墓也代表西周時(shí)期青銅明器墓四個(gè)連續(xù)發(fā)展的階段。分析各段墓葬中銅明器組合及特征,可以合并為三大期。依據(jù)有銘銅器或同出實(shí)用器對(duì)墓葬的絕對(duì)年代進(jìn)行推測。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)青銅明器墓的分布與族屬、數(shù)量與等級(jí)的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行分析。第四部分,根據(jù)銅明器的出土位置,對(duì)青銅明器墓進(jìn)行分類,對(duì)不同地區(qū)銅明器的擺放位置進(jìn)行橫、縱兩方面的比較,進(jìn)而歸納銅明器位置擺放的一些規(guī)律。第五部分,在前面的分期基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)出土的銅明器與銅實(shí)用器的種類、組合形式作比較。第六部分,在上述基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)隨葬青銅明器習(xí)俗的興衰原因、隨葬品擺放位置相關(guān)討論及明器中的復(fù)古現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行相關(guān)的探討。第七部分為結(jié)語。通過本文研究最終我們認(rèn)為:隨葬銅明器的習(xí)俗從西周早期至春秋早期,經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)興起、發(fā)展、鼎盛的發(fā)展過程。這一習(xí)俗源于商代,后成為周人墓的典型特征之一。隨葬銅明器的習(xí)俗與墓葬等級(jí)有關(guān),經(jīng)歷了自下而上的流行趨勢,體現(xiàn)的是一種喪葬習(xí)俗在社會(huì)階層中的流變。銅明器在墓中擺放有一定的規(guī)律,多擺放在棺槨之間,與陶器和實(shí)用銅器也保持相對(duì)的空間位置。青銅實(shí)用禮器與明禮器多搭配使用,但在晚期階段的高級(jí)貴族墓葬中則是單獨(dú)成套。此外,銅明器中存在著復(fù)古現(xiàn)象,出現(xiàn)原因復(fù)雜,或與社會(huì)變革及兩周之際死亡信仰有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 97 tombs were unearthed in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and more than 430 bronze objects were unearthed. Firstly, according to the difference between Duyi and Fengguo, the bronze Ming tomb is classified and sorted out. Secondly, the shape of the bronze Ming ware unearthed is analyzed, and then the tomb is divided into three phases. Finally, on the basis of stages, this paper studies and discusses six aspects, such as the category, combination, placement, gradation, clan and burial custom of the bronze Ming vessels unearthed. This paper is divided into seven parts. The first part is the introduction. Firstly, it defines the concept of "Bronze Ming ware", then summarizes and comments the previous research results, and then points out the significance of this paper. At the same time, the research methods of this paper are summarized. Finally, the temporal and spatial range, types, gradation criteria of the bronze Ming objects unearthed are explained. The second part consists of three small parts. According to the different countries, the bronze Ming wares unearthed in the Western Zhou Dynasty tombs are summarized respectively, and it is not possible to judge the national tombs according to the present geographical administrative divisions. In the third part, according to the coexistence of typical objects, the bronze Ming wares are divided into four groups, and the related tombs are also divided into four groups. These four tombs also represent the four successive stages of the development of bronze Ming ware tombs in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The combination and characteristics of bronze Ming vessels in tombs can be combined into three periods. The absolute age of the tomb is inferred according to the inscription bronze ware or the same utility. On this basis, the distribution of bronze Ming tombs and the number and rank of the related problems are analyzed. In the fourth part, according to the unearthed position of bronze Ming ware, the author classifies the bronze Ming tomb, compares the position of bronze Ming ware in different areas in horizontal and vertical, and sums up some rules of the location of bronze Ming ware. The fifth part, on the basis of previous stages, compares the types and combination forms of unearthed copper miner and copper utility. The sixth part, on the basis of the above, discusses the reasons for the rise and fall of the custom, the location of the burial objects and the phenomenon of retro in the Ming Dynasty. The seventh part is the conclusion. Through the study of this paper, we conclude that the custom of interment of bronze Ming wares has experienced a rising, developing and flourishing process from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn period. This custom originated in the Shang Dynasty and later became one of the typical features of the tomb of Zhou people. The custom of interment of bronze Ming ware is related to the gradation of tombs and has experienced a trend of popularity from the bottom to the top, which reflects the evolution of a funeral custom in the social strata. There are certain rules in the tomb of bronze Ming ware, most of them are placed between coffins and coffins, and they also keep a relative space position with pottery and practical bronze ware. Bronze ritual ware is often used with Ming ritual ware, but it is a separate set in the late stage of high aristocratic tombs. In addition, there is a retro phenomenon in Tongming, which has complicated causes, or is related to social change and the belief of death at the time of two weeks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K878.9

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 田帥;西周墓葬出土青銅明器研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2017年

2 劉露露;基于數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的烏孫墓葬研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2017年

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本文編號(hào)：1922244