本文選題：圖標 + 設(shè)計風格�。� 參考：《浙江理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)Google數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計,目前每個智能手機上安裝的應用程序平均數(shù)量是20個,預計將來會增加到61個,這意味著用戶在交互界面中圖標搜索的難度增加。如何在眾多圖標中快速搜索到目標圖標成為工效學的研究重點。本研究采用實驗的方法探究在智能移動設(shè)備環(huán)境下,用戶進行視覺搜索任務過程中,交互界面的不同圖標設(shè)計風格(圓角矩形IOS風格、無框具形Android風格、極簡圖形Win phone風格)是否會對視覺搜索績效產(chǎn)生影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上采用眼動技術(shù)探究圖標設(shè)計風格對搜索績效的影響機制。本研究包括四個實驗。研究一主要通過問卷調(diào)查,了解用戶對目前主流圖標風格的偏好;在問卷調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上選用三類圖標作為實驗一的材料,進行圖標搜索任務,探究三類圖標的搜索績效差異。研究二包括兩個實驗,前人研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)顏色是影響搜索績效的因素之一,因此實驗二,選擇圓角矩形和無框具形兩類風格圖標并灰化處理,控制顏色變量,完成圖標搜索任務;在研究一的主觀偏好調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn),目前使用手機圖標風格會影響圖標偏好,說明熟悉度可能會對圖標搜索績效產(chǎn)生影響,因此實驗三在研究兩類圖標風格的基礎(chǔ)上,自造圓角矩形和無框具形風格圖標各40個作為實驗材料,控制熟悉度變量,更好的說明兩類風格圖標搜索績效的差異。研究三,在研究二的基礎(chǔ)上從行為研究擴展到眼動研究,通過對注視次數(shù)、注視時間和注視軌跡的分析,探索圖標搜索過程的眼動機制。由實驗結(jié)果得出如下結(jié)論:(1)問卷調(diào)查的主觀偏好結(jié)果表明,使用3個系統(tǒng)的人群中,偏好圓角矩形風格的比例都是最高,說明圓角矩形風格最受歡迎;在偏好無框具性風格圖標的人群中,使用Android系統(tǒng)的占比最高,在偏好極簡圖形風格圖標的人群中,使用Win phone系統(tǒng)的人數(shù)最多,表明當前使用的系統(tǒng)圖標會影響對圖標風格偏好的選擇。(2)圖標風格影響搜索績效,與圓角矩形(IOS)、極簡圖形(Win phone)風格相比,無框具形風格(Android)在搜索時間和正確率上都更有利于用戶的視覺搜索;且圓角矩形較極簡圖形在搜索時間和正確率上的視覺搜索績效更好。產(chǎn)生這種差異的原因可以總結(jié)為熟悉性、知覺線索、隱喻性、整體性。(3)任務復雜度在一定程度上對搜索績效有影響,任務復雜度越低,則績效越優(yōu);圖標風格和任務復雜度交互作用顯著,在任務難度較低時,圖標風格搜索結(jié)果差異不顯著,在復雜任務時,圖標風格搜索結(jié)果差異顯著,無框具形風格(Android)顯著優(yōu)于其他。(4)眼動結(jié)果表明,在注視點、注視時間以及搜索界面的軌跡距離上無框具形風格圖標均顯著優(yōu)于圓角矩形,這和行為研究的結(jié)果一致。說明無框具形圖標不僅在搜索績效上優(yōu)于圓角矩形圖標,并且在搜索過程中耗費更少的認知資源。但是在目標圖標的軌跡距離上,發(fā)現(xiàn)圓角矩形圖標軌跡距離顯著小于無框具形圖標,說明被試在搜索的過程中,統(tǒng)一風格的圓角矩形圖標需要耗費更多的認知資源,但是在找到目標圖標之后,圓角矩形圖標耗費認知資源更少。因此,在圖標搜索任務簡單,搜索界面整體較小,圖標較少的情況下,圓角矩形圖標搜索績效有優(yōu)勢;隨著搜索界面圖標的增加,無框具形圖標搜索績效更好。本研究采用圖標搜索任務探索不同設(shè)計風格圖標的搜索績效。尋找出一種最優(yōu)的圖標設(shè)計風格,以便提高圖標搜索的績效。本研究的結(jié)果有助于人們進一步了解圖標的設(shè)計風格對用戶操作的影響作用,為圖標設(shè)計提供科學依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:According to Google statistics, the average number of applications installed on each smartphone is 20, and it is expected to increase to 61 in the future, which means the user is more difficult to search for icons in the interactive interface. How to quickly search the target icon in many icons becomes the focus of the research. Under the environment of intelligent mobile devices, the design style of different icons in the interactive interface (rounded rectangle IOS style, frame free Android style, and minimalist graphics Win phone style) will affect the visual search performance in the process of visual search, and on this basis, eye movement technology is used to explore the design style of icons. This study includes four experiments. One mainly through questionnaire survey, we know the user's preference for the current mainstream icon style. On the basis of the questionnaire, three icons are selected as the material of the experiment one, the search task of the icons is carried out, and the search performance differences between the three types of icons are explored. Two including two Experiments have found that color is one of the factors that affect search performance, so experiment two, choosing two types of icons with rounded rectangles and frameless shapes and ashing processing, controlling color variables and completing icons search tasks. In the subjective preference survey of study one, it is found that the use of mobile icon style will affect icon preference. Familiarity may have an impact on icons search performance, so experiment three, based on the study of the style of two types of icons, made 40 experimental materials from the round corner rectangle and the frame free style icons, control the familiarity variables and better explain the differences in the search performance of the two style icons. Study three, on the basis of the study two The study was extended to the eye movement study. Through the analysis of the number of fixations, fixation time and the fixation track, the eye movement mechanism of the icon search process was explored. The following conclusions were obtained from the experimental results: (1) the subjective preference results of the questionnaire survey showed that among the 3 systems, the proportion of the preference to the rounded rectangle was the highest, indicating the rounded rectangle. Style is the most popular; among the people who prefer a frameless style icon, the Android system has the highest proportion, and the number of people using the Win phone system is the most in the people who prefer the minimalist graphic style icon, indicating that the current system icons will affect the choice of the icons. (2) the icon style affects the search performance and the rounded corners. Compared to the rectangular (IOS) and minimalist (Win phone) style, the frame free style (Android) is more beneficial to the user's visual search in the search time and the correct rate; and the rounded rectangle is better in the search time and the correct rate of visual search. The reasons for this difference can be summed up as familiarity, perceptual clues, and implicit reasons. (3) the task complexity has a certain influence on the search performance to some extent, the lower the task complexity, the better the performance; the icons style and the task complexity have significant interaction. When the task difficulty is low, the difference of the icon style search results is not significant. In the complex task, the icon style search results have a significant difference and no frame shape. The style (Android) is significantly superior to the others. (4) the eye movement results show that the frameless style icons in the gaze point, the fixation time and the track distance of the search interface are significantly better than the rounded rectangles, which are in agreement with the results of the behavior study. In the path distance of the target icon, it is found that the path distance of the rounded rectangle icon is significantly smaller than that of the frameless icons. It shows that in the course of the search, the uniform style rounded rectangle icon takes more cognitive resources, but after the target icon is found, the rounded rectangle icons are consumed. There are fewer cognitive resources. Therefore, in the case of simple icon search task, smaller search interface and less icons, the search performance of rounded rectangle icons is superior. With the increase of search interface icons, the search performance of frame shaped icons is better. This study uses icon search task to explore the search performance of different design style icons. In order to improve the performance of icon search, the results of this study will help people to further understand the impact of the design style of icons on the user operation, and provide a scientific basis for the design of icons.

【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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