本文選題：社會排斥 + 助人行為�。� 參考：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會排斥是指在社會互動中,個體遭受到他想與之建立關(guān)系的團體或個人的拒絕、排斥或貶低,從而使其歸屬需求或關(guān)系需求無法實現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象(MacDonaldLeary)。社會排斥會對從認知、情緒和行為等方面對個體產(chǎn)生影響。目前大多數(shù)研究者認為社會排斥會對個體的親社會行為產(chǎn)生短暫抑或持久的消極影響。本研究在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,選取親社會行為中具有代表性的一部分,即助人行為為本研究的切入點,探討社會排斥對個體助人行為的影響。此外,情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略主要是指個體為了達到情緒調(diào)節(jié)的目的、有計劃、有意圖的努力和做法,它是個體對情緒進行有效調(diào)節(jié),使個體處于情緒平衡狀態(tài)以適應(yīng)社會和環(huán)境需要的一種重要手段,主要包括認知重評策略和表達抑制策略兩種。本研究探討了情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略對社會排斥后個體助人行為的影響。本文選取了大學(xué)生作為研究被試。共有兩個研究。研究一的目的是考察社會排斥對助人行為的影響。采用2×2被試間實驗設(shè)計,自變量是社會排斥情境(排斥組;接納組)、性別及是否獨生子女,因變量是被試助人行為。采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)擲球范式誘發(fā)被試排斥感,隨后測量排斥感操作檢驗題目,最后測量被試的助人意愿。結(jié)果表明,排斥組被試的助人行為顯著低于接納組被試的助人行為,即社會排斥顯著減少個體的助人行為。進一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn),性別對個體的助人行為沒有明顯影響。獨生子女的助人行為顯著低于非獨生子女的助人行為。在研究一的基礎(chǔ)上,研究二進一步探討了在社會排斥背景下,采用不同情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略對助人行為的影響。研究二采用情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略的情境任務(wù),引導(dǎo)被試有目的使用一種情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略。以情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略(重評組;抑制組;控制組)作為自變量,被試的助人行為作為因變量。隨機選取大學(xué)生36人,在誘發(fā)社會排斥后,啟動不同情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略,進而測量其助人行為。結(jié)果表明,社會排斥后重評組被試的助人行為顯著高于抑制組和控制組。認知重評策略對助人行為具有正向預(yù)測作用,但是表達壓抑策略與助人行為沒有顯著相關(guān)�；谝陨涎芯�,本研究得出結(jié)論:(1)社會排斥影響個體的助人行為,被排斥者的助人行為明顯要比被接納者的助人行為少。(2)性別對個體的助人行為沒有明顯影響。(3)獨生子女的助人行為明顯低于非獨生子女的助人行為。(4)被排斥后采用認知重評策略可以明顯增加個體的助人行為。(5)被排斥后采用表達抑制策略對個體的助人行為沒有明顯影響。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion means that in social interaction, an individual is rejected, rejected or belittled by the group or individual with whom he wishes to establish a relationship, thus making it impossible to achieve his own needs or relationship needs.Social exclusion can affect individuals in cognitive, emotional and behavioral ways.At present, most researchers believe that social exclusion has a temporary or lasting negative effect on the prosocial behavior of individuals.On the basis of previous studies, this study selects the representative part of pro-social behavior, that is, the act of helping others as the starting point of this study, and discusses the impact of social exclusion on individual behavior of helping others.In addition, the emotion regulation strategy mainly refers to the individual to achieve the emotion regulation goal, has the plan, the intention effort and the practice, it is the individual carries on the effective adjustment to the emotion,One of the most important ways to keep an individual in emotional balance to meet the needs of society and environment is cognitive reappraisal strategy and expression inhibition strategy.This study explored the effects of emotion regulation strategies on individual helping behavior after social exclusion.This article selects the university student as the research subject.There are two studies.The purpose of study one is to investigate the influence of social exclusion on helping behavior.The independent variable was social exclusion situation (rejection group, acceptance group, sex and whether the only child was the only child), dependent variable was the behavior of helping the subjects.The network ball throwing paradigm was used to induce the subjects' sense of rejection, then to measure the operation test of rejection, and finally to measure the subjects' willingness to help.The results showed that the helping behavior of the rejection group was significantly lower than that of the acceptance group, that is, social exclusion significantly reduced the individual helping behavior.Further analysis showed that gender had no significant effect on individual helping behavior.The aiding behavior of only child is significantly lower than that of non-only child.On the basis of the first study, the second study further explored the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on helping behavior in the context of social exclusion.In the second study, situational tasks with emotion regulation strategies were used to guide participants to purposefully use an emotion regulation strategy.Emotional regulation strategies (reappraisal group; inhibition group; control group) were used as independent variables, and the helpful behavior of subjects as dependent variables.After inducing social rejection, 36 college students were randomly selected to initiate different emotion regulation strategies, and then to measure their helping behavior.The results showed that the behavior of reassessment group after social exclusion was significantly higher than that of inhibition group and control group.Cognitive reappraisal strategy has positive predictive effect on helping behavior, but there is no significant correlation between expressive reassessment strategy and helping behavior.Based on the above study, this study concluded that: 1) Social exclusion affects individuals' helping behavior.(2) gender has no significant effect on individual helping behavior.) the only child's aiding behavior is obviously lower than that of non-only child's. 4) after being excluded, the sex has no significant influence on the individual's helping behavior. (2) the behavior of the only child is obviously lower than that of the accepted person. (2) the gender has no significant influence on the individual's helping behavior.Cognitive reappraisal strategy can significantly increase the helpful behavior of individuals. 5) after being excluded, the expression inhibition strategy has no significant effect on the helping behavior of individuals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.6

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