本文選題：兒童心理學　切入點：少兒小提琴教學　出處：《中央民族大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：小提琴教學在我國有著廣泛的群眾基礎和不同的接受群體,經(jīng)過不斷的發(fā)展已形成了自己的教學體系,業(yè)余少兒小提琴教學便是其中重要的組成部分。在樂器的學習與培養(yǎng)中,小提琴作為其中的主流樂器,一直受到人們的青睞。但由于小提琴演奏技巧復雜,需要高度的身體協(xié)調(diào)能力,所以對兒童的心理承受能力要求較高。在傳統(tǒng)的少兒小提琴教學模式中,教師往往對演奏技巧的訓練較為關(guān)注,而忽略了少兒在學習過程中呈現(xiàn)的心理狀態(tài),重技巧訓練,輕心理關(guān)懷。這一現(xiàn)象導致少兒在小提琴學習過程中出現(xiàn)諸如對小提琴的喜愛度降低、學習效率不高,與任課教師配合度低下等問題,而這些現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),歸根到底是由于對兒童心理狀況的忽視所致。小提琴教學是一個完整的系統(tǒng)工程,有著自身內(nèi)在的教學規(guī)律,就學習對象而言,少兒小提琴教學方法理應與成人的小提琴教學方法不同;專業(yè)學習者與業(yè)余學習者亦有差異。特別是對處于心智尚未發(fā)育成熟的少兒進行小提琴教學時,更應將兒童心理學相關(guān)理論引入其中,只有探索和總結(jié)適合少兒小提琴教學的方法,才能針對不同對象開展和實施有效的小提琴教學活動。針對上述論題,本論文以兒童心理學在少兒小提琴教學中的應用為研究課題,以業(yè)余少兒小提琴教學活動為研究對象,通過采用相關(guān)文獻查閱、區(qū)域性實際調(diào)查、自身教學個案實踐和理論歸納總結(jié)等研究方法,將兒童心理學理論引入少兒小提琴教學的實踐并加以應用,針對少兒小提琴學生的心理和行為特征,一方面通過具體的教學實踐,另一方面吸收國內(nèi)外先進的教學理念和方法,分析總結(jié)、研究探索行之有效的,既尊重少兒的心理行為特征,又能系統(tǒng)、規(guī)范地進行正規(guī)教學的少兒小提琴教學方法�；谏鲜龅难芯克悸泛鸵幌盗邢嚓P(guān)理論的支撐,論文首先在第一章中對小提琴的起源、教學源流及兒童心理學相關(guān)理論進行了系統(tǒng)的梳理,闡述了中國小提琴教學發(fā)展的歷史脈絡和當下我國少兒小提琴教學現(xiàn)狀,初步構(gòu)建起研究的學術(shù)理論框架;接著在第二章中詳細劃分了小提琴的教學對象,即專業(yè)小提琴教學和業(yè)余小提琴教學、成人小提琴教學和少兒小提琴教學。進而逐一剖析了目前不同社會群體學習小提琴的訴求和成因及心理特點差異,目的在于明確當下我國小提琴教學現(xiàn)狀的基本情況,從錯綜復雜的小提琴教學活動中,分清不同的教學層次和教學對象,從而確定自己的研究對象,以便兒童心理學相關(guān)理論在少兒小提琴教學中的引入和應用;為進一步闡述兒童心理學相關(guān)理論在少兒小提琴教學中應用的可行性和必要性,并尋求教學實證的支撐,在第三章中,論文以北京市海淀區(qū)少兒小提琴教學中兒童心理學應用的基本現(xiàn)狀為調(diào)查內(nèi)容,多次到實地進行調(diào)研,通過走訪該區(qū)域相關(guān)少兒小提琴教學的師生,觀摩了部分現(xiàn)場教學實況,并針對該區(qū)域較典型的少兒小提琴教學機構(gòu)的師生發(fā)放了不同的調(diào)查問卷,分別收回有效教師問卷50份、學生問卷80份,收集到較為詳實的相關(guān)研究數(shù)據(jù),為后續(xù)的研究提供了第一手資料,同時經(jīng)過調(diào)查研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)了少兒小提琴教學中普遍存在的問題,即少兒小提琴教學中兒童心理學相關(guān)理論引入和應用的缺失。調(diào)查結(jié)果,為課題的進一步深入研究提供了實證依據(jù)。馬克思主義哲學認為:實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標準,為了能真正將兒童心理學相關(guān)理論應用到具體的少兒小提琴教學中,并檢驗其教學效果,在第四章中,論文通過對自己日常少兒小提琴教學實踐個案中的教學對象,身體力行將兒童心理學相關(guān)理論引入和應用在少兒小提琴教學實踐中,具體做法是:將學生按不同年齡分成學齡前期兒童(3～6歲)、學齡初期兒童(7～12歲)、學齡中期兒童(13～15歲),涵蓋了整個少兒年齡段的少兒小提琴學生層面,然后根據(jù)其不同的心理特征,有針對性地對不同組別的學生,按兒童心理學相關(guān)理論和適合其年齡段的小提琴教學方法,因材施教,制定了符合不同年齡段的少兒小提琴教學計劃和方法,經(jīng)過一段時間的教學實踐,均獲得了可喜的教學成果,多數(shù)學生都通過了相關(guān)小提琴考級機構(gòu)組織的級別考試、有的學生還獲得了不同的小提琴音樂比賽獎項。通過將兒童心理學相關(guān)理論引入和應用在少兒小提琴教學的實踐,進一步論證了兒童心理學在少兒小提琴教學中應用的必要性和重要性,因此實踐證明兒童心理學在少兒小提琴教學中的應用也是小提琴教學應遵循的教學規(guī)律之一。
[Abstract]:The violin teaching in China has a broad mass base and different communities, through continuous development has formed its own teaching system, the children's amateur violin teaching is one of the most important parts. In the training and learning the instrument, the violin as a mainstream musical instrument, has been favored by people. But because of the violin playing skills is complex, requires a high degree of co-ordination, so higher requirements on children. Psychological ability in the traditional children violin teaching mode, teachers tend to pay more attention to the training of performing skills, and ignore the children in the learning process of mental state, weight training, psychological care. The phenomenon of light lead the children in the learning process such as the violin violin like decreased, learning efficiency is not high, the problem of poor coordination with teachers, and this Some phenomenon, after all is due to the psychological status of children caused by neglect. The violin teaching is a comprehensive system engineering, has its own internal rules of teaching, learning object, teaching methods to children's violin violin teaching methods and adult learners with different; professional amateur learners especially are also different. Is not yet mature in the development of children violin teaching, should pay more attention to the theory of children's psychology into it, only to explore and summarize the methods for children violin teaching, can according to different objects to carry out and implement effective violin teaching activities. Based on the above topic, the children in the children's psychology application in violin teaching as the research subject, with the children's amateur violin teaching activities as the research object, through the use of related literature, the actual area The case investigation, their teaching practice and theory summarized the research methods, the practice of the theory of child psychology into children violin teaching and applied, psychological and behavioral characteristics in children violin students, on the one hand, through the concrete teaching practice, analyzed and summarized the teaching ideas and methods, on the other hand, the domestic and foreign advanced absorption, explore effective the study is to respect the psychological and behavioral characteristics of children, and the children violin teaching method system, to standardize the formal teaching. The above research ideas and a series of related theory based support, in the first chapter, the origin of the violin, teaching theory origin and psychology of children to carry out a systematic combing describes the history and current development of Chinese Violin Teaching Chinese children violin teaching situation, the preliminary construction of academic research Frame; then in the second chapter a detailed division of the violin teaching object, namely professional and amateur violin teaching violin teaching, adult violin teaching and children violin teaching. And then analyzes the current learning demands of different social groups and the causes and features of heart violin differences, the basic situation is to clear the status quo of China's contemporary Violin Teaching from the perplexing, violin teaching activities, to distinguish between different levels of teaching and teaching objects, so as to determine their object of study, so that the theory of children's psychology in children Violin Teaching in introduction and application; for the feasibility and necessity of further elaborating the related theory of child psychology application in children violin teaching, and seek teaching demonstration support, in the third chapter, taking Beijing city of Haidian District children violin teaching children psychology should be The basic situation for investigation, many times to the on-the-spot investigation, through visits to the region related to children's Violin Teaching between teachers and students, to observe part of the site and for the live teaching, children's violin teaching institutions in the region is typical of the teachers and students issued different questionnaires, 50 questionnaires were valid for teachers, students 80 a collection of relevant research data in detail, provides first-hand information for the follow-up study, at the same time, through investigation and study, found widespread problems in children violin teaching, which is related to children's small child piano teaching of the introduction and application of loss. The result of the investigation, and provide empirical basis for further study on the topic. Think of Marx philosophy: practice is the sole criterion for testing truth, in order to truly the child psychology theory are applied to the less specific Children violin teaching, and the teaching effect, in the fourth chapter, based on their daily teaching practice in the case of children violin teaching object, practicing the theory of child psychology is introduced and applied in children violin teaching practice, the specific approach is: the students according to different age divided into preschool children (3~6 years old) and early school-age children (7~12 years old), middle school aged children (13~15 years old), covering the entire children's age children's violin student level, then according to the different psychological characteristics, targeted to different groups of students, teach students in accordance with their aptitude according to child psychology related theory and suitable for the age of the violin teaching method. Make the children violin teaching plans and methods in accordance with different ages, after a period of teaching practice, have gained gratifying achievements in teaching, most students Through the relevant examination organization violin level exams, some students also received different violin music prizes. The theory of child psychology is introduced and applied in practice of children violin teaching, and further demonstrates the application of children psychology in children violin teaching the necessity and importance of the practice teaching rules of children's psychology the application is the violin teaching in children violin teaching should follow the one.

【學位授予單位】：中央民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.71;J622.1

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