本文選題：對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)　切入點(diǎn)：趨向動(dòng)詞　出處：《沈陽(yáng)師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：趨向動(dòng)詞是漢語(yǔ)中一個(gè)封閉的詞類(lèi),它雖然數(shù)量有限但在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的地位卻舉足輕重,其在對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中亦是一個(gè)重難點(diǎn)。復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”因意義豐富、使用規(guī)則復(fù)雜,成為了對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中學(xué)習(xí)者較難掌握的一個(gè)趨向動(dòng)詞,本文對(duì)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的性質(zhì)以及對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)情況進(jìn)行了較為深入的研究,為復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)提供了一些可供參考的思路。本文共分為五個(gè)部分。第一部分緒論對(duì)趨向動(dòng)詞及復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”本體和對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)兩方面的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行了綜述,指出了以往研究的不足之處。第二部分從本體出發(fā),對(duì)“下去”的詞性進(jìn)行了界定,并從句法、語(yǔ)義及辨析三個(gè)方面對(duì)其進(jìn)行了探討,具體涉及到了趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”作動(dòng)詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)對(duì)動(dòng)詞的選擇問(wèn)題、在包含趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的句子中賓語(yǔ)的位置問(wèn)題、趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的語(yǔ)義問(wèn)題以及“下去”與其近義詞的辨析問(wèn)題等方面。第三部分文章結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué),對(duì)北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)HSK動(dòng)態(tài)作文語(yǔ)料庫(kù)中學(xué)習(xí)者使用趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的情況進(jìn)行了研究,找出了學(xué)習(xí)者使用趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”時(shí)易出現(xiàn)的偏誤類(lèi)型,主要有趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”偏誤、其他動(dòng)詞偏誤和賓語(yǔ)位置偏誤三大類(lèi),每一大類(lèi)下面又細(xì)分為若干小類(lèi),結(jié)合對(duì)偏誤類(lèi)型的分析,進(jìn)而對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)習(xí)“下去”產(chǎn)生偏誤的原因進(jìn)行了研究,認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)者出現(xiàn)偏誤的主要原因是知識(shí)點(diǎn)“下去”本身的難度和學(xué)習(xí)者目的語(yǔ)知識(shí)的負(fù)遷移,同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)者母語(yǔ)的負(fù)遷移、教學(xué)者的影響、學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境的影響等也是學(xué)習(xí)者產(chǎn)生偏誤的原因。第四部分結(jié)合對(duì)“下去”本體和對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)兩方面的研究,對(duì)“下去”的對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)提出了一些教學(xué)建議,包括從宏觀上提出的六點(diǎn)教學(xué)策略和從微觀上對(duì)具體知識(shí)點(diǎn)的教學(xué)提出的四條可供參考的教學(xué)方法。第五部分結(jié)語(yǔ)對(duì)本文的研究進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的總結(jié)并指出了本文的不足之處。希望本文的研究能對(duì)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“下去”的對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)提供一些幫助,并為其他趨向動(dòng)詞的對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)研究提供一些思路。
[Abstract]:The directional verb is a closed lexical category in Chinese, although it is limited but in the modern Chinese position is important, it is also a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Compound directional verb "down" because of abundant meaning and rules of use is complex, has become a trend of foreign language teaching in verb learning are more difficult to grasp, this paper deeply studied the properties of compound directional verb "down" and teaching Chinese as a foreign language, provide some reference ideas for teaching Chinese as a foreign language compound directional verb "down". This paper is divided into five parts. The related research on directional verbs and compound directional verb "down" ontology and teaching Chinese as a foreign language in two aspects of the introduction of the first part is summarized, points out the shortcomings of previous studies. The second part from the main body of the "down" words Are defined, and from the three aspects of syntax, semantic analysis and discusses the concrete relates to the directional verb "down" as a verb complement of the verb selection problem in the position of the verb "contain the trend down" in the sentence, the semantic problem of directional verb "down" "go down" and its near synonyms problems. In the third part, combining with teaching Chinese as a foreign language, was studied using the directional verb "down" to study at the Beijing Language and Culture University HSK dynamic composition corpus, find out the error types of learners use directional verb "down" to the main verbs "go down" error, other verb errors and object position errors of three categories, each category is subdivided into the following several categories, based on the analysis of the types of errors, and on learning "Down" the causes of the errors are studied, the main reason that learner errors is knowledge of "down" itself and the difficulty of learning the target language negative transfer of knowledge, the negative transfer of learners' mother tongue at the same time, the effect of teaching, the cause of the errors of learning environment is learners. Research on "down" ontology and teaching Chinese as a foreign language in two aspects of the combination of the fourth part, foreign language teaching "go down" to put forward some suggestions, including six points from the macroscopic teaching strategy and put forward to the specific knowledge of teaching from the micro four available teaching methods the study in this paper. The fifth part makes a brief summary and points out the shortcomings of this paper. I hope this study can provide some help for teaching Chinese as a foreign language compound directional verb "down", It also provides some ideas for the study of other directional verbs in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H195.3

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