本文關(guān)鍵詞： 拒絕表達(dá) 拒絕策略 語(yǔ)義公式 拒絕客氣度　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在生活中,總會(huì)遇到各種各樣的事,需要人們?nèi)ゾ芙^。有時(shí),我們不想幫別人做一件事,但又不愿意弄僵和對(duì)方的關(guān)系。這種情況下,面對(duì)不同的請(qǐng)求對(duì)象,人們會(huì)采取什么樣的拒絕策略,會(huì)運(yùn)用怎樣的拒絕措辭,拒絕對(duì)方時(shí)的客氣程度如何,這些問(wèn)題都很值得考察。對(duì)于中國(guó)的日語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō),在理解日本人的拒絕表達(dá)上仍存有很多難點(diǎn)。在進(jìn)行國(guó)際交流時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)日本人的拒絕表達(dá)進(jìn)行整體思考,深入理解日本人在表達(dá)拒絕意圖時(shí)的文化心理,才能在中日跨文化交流中消除誤解,避免產(chǎn)生不必要的誤會(huì)。本稿采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的方式,依據(jù)調(diào)查對(duì)象與請(qǐng)求對(duì)象的親疏關(guān)系與社會(huì)地位,設(shè)定了七個(gè)會(huì)話(huà)場(chǎng)景,分別以日語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者和漢語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者為對(duì)象展開(kāi)調(diào)研。從不同場(chǎng)面采用的拒絕策略、語(yǔ)義公式的使用情況,以及拒絕時(shí)的客氣程度等角度考察了中日兩國(guó)"拒絕"表達(dá)存在的相同點(diǎn)及不同點(diǎn),并對(duì)其產(chǎn)生原因加以分析,以此明確中日異文化交流的特征。本稿第一章緒論部分,介紹了本論文的研究背景、研究課題、研究方法以及研究意義。第二章綜述了中日拒絕表達(dá)相關(guān)的先行研究,并分析了先行研究中的不足之處,提出本論文的研究方向。第三章綜述了本論文的理論依據(jù),主要從拒絕策略、語(yǔ)義公式、拒絕客氣度這三方面開(kāi)展論述。第四章是本稿的核心內(nèi)容,說(shuō)明了本論文所開(kāi)展調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的調(diào)查時(shí)期和方式、調(diào)查對(duì)象,調(diào)查內(nèi)容和目的,并對(duì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)展開(kāi)分析,從拒絕策略和語(yǔ)義公式的使用頻率、語(yǔ)義公式的使用個(gè)數(shù)、拒絕的客氣度這三方面,比較分析了不同場(chǎng)面中日拒絕表達(dá)展現(xiàn)出的共同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。第五章為結(jié)論,總結(jié)本論文探討的問(wèn)題,提出今后的研究課題。根據(jù)分析結(jié)果得知,面對(duì)不同的請(qǐng)求對(duì)象,中日雙方采用的拒絕策略和語(yǔ)義公式的使用頻率有所不同,不同場(chǎng)景使用的語(yǔ)義公式個(gè)數(shù)也有較大差異,拒絕時(shí)的客氣程度也與請(qǐng)求者的親疏關(guān)系及社會(huì)地位息息相關(guān)。此外,拒絕時(shí)的客氣程度也與語(yǔ)義公式的使用數(shù)量有關(guān),總的來(lái)說(shuō),拒絕時(shí)越客氣,使用的語(yǔ)義公式數(shù)量就越多。希望本論文的研究,有助于更好地理解中日雙方的拒絕心理,促進(jìn)中日交流的順利進(jìn)行。
[Abstract]:In life, there is always a variety of things that people have to refuse. Sometimes, we don't want to do one thing for others, but we don't want to stiffen our relationship with each other. In this case, we face different requests. The question of what kind of refusal strategy people will adopt, what kind of language they use, and how polite they are when they reject each other, are all worth examining. For Chinese Japanese learners, There are still many difficulties in understanding the Japanese refusal expression. In international communication, we should think about the Japanese refusal expression as a whole and have a deep understanding of the Japanese cultural psychology when expressing their refusal intention. In order to eliminate misunderstandings and avoid unnecessary misunderstandings in the cross-cultural exchanges between China and Japan, this draft adopts the method of questionnaire, according to the affinity and social status of the respondents and the requesting objects, and sets up seven conversational scenarios. Taking Japanese native speakers and Chinese native speakers as objects, respectively. From the different scenes adopted rejection strategy, the use of semantic formulas, From the point of view of the politeness of refusal, this paper examines the similarities and differences of the expression of "refusal" between China and Japan, and analyzes the reasons for it, so as to clarify the characteristics of the cultural exchanges between China and Japan. This paper introduces the research background, research topics, research methods and significance of this thesis. Chapter two summarizes the previous research related to the expression of refusal between China and Japan, and analyzes the shortcomings of the previous research. The third chapter summarizes the theoretical basis of this paper, mainly from three aspects: rejection strategy, semantic formula, refusal degree of politeness. Chapter 4th is the core content of this draft. This paper explains the survey period and method, the object, the content and the purpose of the questionnaire, and analyzes the survey data, including the frequency of rejection strategy and semantic formula, and the number of semantic formulas used. The three aspects of politeness of refusal are compared and analyzed in different scenes. Chapter 5th is the conclusion, summarizes the problems discussed in this paper, and puts forward the future research topics. In the face of different request objects, the rejection strategies and semantic formulas used by China and Japan are different in frequency, and the number of semantic formulas used in different scenarios is also different. The degree of politeness at the time of refusal is also closely related to the affinity and social status of the requester. In addition, the degree of politeness of the refusal is related to the number of semantic formulas used, and generally speaking, the more polite the refusal, the more polite it is. It is hoped that the research in this paper will help to better understand the rejection psychology between China and Japan and promote the smooth progress of Sino-Japanese communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H136;H36

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