本文關(guān)鍵詞： 正岡子規(guī) 寫生說 俳句 寫實(shí) 誠 諧趣　出處：《湖北民族學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“寫生”本指直接對(duì)實(shí)物或風(fēng)景進(jìn)行描繪的一種作畫方式,亦指以此種方法所繪制的畫作。正岡子規(guī)將西方繪畫術(shù)語引入俳句的創(chuàng)作論,提出了“寫生說”。正岡子規(guī)在“寫生說”中提出了通過文學(xué)語言來進(jìn)行實(shí)景寫生的詩歌創(chuàng)作主張,強(qiáng)調(diào)俳句創(chuàng)作要客觀地摹寫現(xiàn)實(shí),言之有物,追求質(zhì)樸剛健、清新細(xì)膩的詩歌語言風(fēng)格。本文以時(shí)間為經(jīng),空間為緯,厘清了正岡子規(guī)“寫生說”的理論源流、理論內(nèi)涵、歷史影響和現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值,總結(jié)了其理論的現(xiàn)實(shí)借鑒意義。全文除緒論和結(jié)語外正文由三部分組成。緒論部分界定了研究對(duì)象,回顧了研究的現(xiàn)狀,明確了研究的價(jià)值與意義。第一章闡述“寫生說”的理論主張�！皩懮f”主張客觀地再現(xiàn)詩歌描寫的藝術(shù)對(duì)象,通過以象寫意,創(chuàng)造一種非空非實(shí)的藝術(shù)審美境界。正因?yàn)閯?chuàng)作者與藝術(shù)對(duì)象保持一定的審美距離,所以藝術(shù)品具有由于審美的間離效果而生出的余裕情調(diào)�！皩懮f”主張文學(xué)創(chuàng)作應(yīng)該走大眾化和通俗化的道路,每個(gè)人都可以用樸素直白生活化的語言書寫成表達(dá)個(gè)人對(duì)于身邊的生活和情感體驗(yàn)的新型散文——寫生文,實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代人言文一致的理想。第二章追溯“寫生說”的理論淵源�！皩懮f”的美學(xué)基礎(chǔ)是西方文學(xué)思想的源頭“模仿說”,其創(chuàng)作方法受到西洋畫技“寫生”的啟發(fā),實(shí)質(zhì)上是現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)思潮對(duì)于浪漫主義文學(xué)思潮的反動(dòng)與突圍;“寫生說”對(duì)日本傳統(tǒng)文論范疇“誠”和“諧趣”都有繼承和發(fā)展,體現(xiàn)了“脫俗求雅”的審美追求;“寫生說”還是對(duì)中國文學(xué)中的“山水田園詩”吟詠性情的傳承,卻對(duì)漢詩重視道德訓(xùn)誡的入世情懷敬而遠(yuǎn)之。“寫生說”同時(shí)也改寫了中國詩學(xué)推崇“神似”的審美取向,并把詩歌的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由求“神似”變?yōu)榱饲蟆靶握妗�。第三章論述“寫生說”的歷史影響及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義�！皩懮f”對(duì)于革新日本俳諧創(chuàng)作觀念,延續(xù)民族傳統(tǒng)文脈,建構(gòu)現(xiàn)代日本文學(xué)和語言范式居功至偉�！皩懮f”還塑造了日本民族物哀幽玄的審美意識(shí),閑適優(yōu)雅的余裕情調(diào)。這在某種意義上可以說它形塑了當(dāng)代日本人的精神氣質(zhì)和文化品位,成為了代表日本國民精神促進(jìn)世界文化交流的一張精美的名片。“寫生說”還有利于幫助國人更好地理解深受近現(xiàn)代日本文學(xué)影響的中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué),學(xué)習(xí)其善于借鑒和創(chuàng)造性轉(zhuǎn)化的優(yōu)長�！皩懮f”體現(xiàn)的西學(xué)的化用和傳統(tǒng)的傳承并行不悖的詩性智慧,追求通古今之變、求大俗但不離大雅的文化創(chuàng)新原則對(duì)中國文學(xué)和文論建設(shè)頗具鏡鑒意義。結(jié)語部分總結(jié)了正岡子規(guī)的“寫生說”在日本文論史上的重要地位和歷史影響�！皩懮f”順應(yīng)了近代日本文學(xué)創(chuàng)作主體轉(zhuǎn)向的趨勢(shì),完成了由空到實(shí)的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作對(duì)象的轉(zhuǎn)變,并順利實(shí)現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)作手法的平民化變革,塑造了日本現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)的面貌和文化性格,催生了現(xiàn)代日語�！皩懮f”間接地影響了中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)的面貌,其理論體現(xiàn)的善于學(xué)習(xí)借鑒和創(chuàng)造性轉(zhuǎn)化的優(yōu)長,對(duì)于民族文化傳統(tǒng)的堅(jiān)守和熱愛值得中國借鑒。當(dāng)然“寫生說”也有盲目崇拜域外文藝?yán)碚?對(duì)于繪畫理論的強(qiáng)制征用,一定程度上存在著缺乏辯證精神和關(guān)注社會(huì)生活批判意識(shí)的理論微瑕,需要后人警惕和反思。
[Abstract]:The "sketch" refers to a direct way of painting depicting of objects and scenery, also refers to this kind of method draw paintings. Masaoka Shiki Western painting term into haiku creation theory, put forward the "sketch". Masaoka Shiki "sketch" in put forward to the real painting the language of poetry creation, emphasizing Haiku writing to objectively reflect, the pursuit of naivete, having substance in speech, and exquisite poetic language style. This paper takes time as the spatial latitude, clarify the Masaoka Shiki "painting" theory origin, theoretical connotation, historical influence and realistic value, summed up the theory and practical significance. The thesis besides introduction and conclusion the text consists of three parts. The introduction part defines the research object, reviews the research status quo, makes clear the value and significance of the study. The first chapter introduces the "sketch The theory argues. "" the sketch said "advocated to reappear poems depicting art objects, like by freehand brushwork, create a non empty non real aesthetic realm. Because of keeping certain aesthetic distance creators and art objects, so the work of art is born because of aesthetic sentiment." results from the margin the sketch said "advocated literary creation should go and popularization of the road, everyone can express personal life for the new prose and emotional experience, written in plain language descriptions of life, modern people Genbunitchi ideal. The second chapter traces the theoretical origin of painting" "aesthetic foundation sketch" is the source of the western literature thought of imitation ", inspired the creation of Western painting method by" painting ", is the essence of realism literature The reactionary and breakthrough for Romanticism; "sketch" of Japanese traditional literary theory category of "honesty" and "humorous" are the inheritance and development, embodies the aesthetic pursuit of refined elegance ";" painting "or China of literature in the" pastoral poetry chant "inheritance. But pay attention to moral admonition into the feelings of Chinese traditional poetry. At a distance" sketch "also changed China poetics respected" aesthetic orientation spirit ", and the aesthetic standards of poetry by the" spirit "to" real ". The third chapter discusses the historical influence of painting" and its practical significance. "" for the reform of Japanese haiku painting creation idea, the continuation of national traditional culture, the construction of modern Japanese literature and language paradigm tribute. "Sketch" also created the Japanese nation "Youxuan aesthetic consciousness, elegant leisure more than Yu tone. This can be said to Japanese it shaped the contemporary ethos and culture in a certain sense, as a representative of the Japanese national spirit and promoting a beautiful name card cultural exchanges in the world. "The sketch" helps people better understand deeply the influence of modern Japanese literature China contemporary literature it is good at learning, learning and creative strengths. "Said the sketch" embodied by Western and traditional inheritance run parallel poetic wisdom, pursuit through the change of ancient and modern, and popular but not from the principle of cultural innovation, on Chinese literature and literary theory construction of a mirror. The epilogue the Masaoka Shiki "sketch" in an important position and influence in history in the history of Japanese literary theory. "Sketch" conforms to the modern Japanese literary creation subject to the trend, completed by air to the real literary creation As the object of change, and the smooth realization of the civilian revolution creation technique, shaping the contemporary Japanese literary outlook and cultural character, gave birth to the modern Japanese. "Sketch" indirectly influenced Chinese contemporary literature appearance, the theory of learning experience and the creative transformation of the advantages for the nation cultural tradition and love is worth reference. Of course, "said China sketch" also has a blind worship for the compulsory acquisition of extraterritorial literary theory, painting theory, to a certain extent, there is a lack of attention to the dialectical spirit and social life critique consciousness theory blemish, need to be vigilant and reflect on the future generations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北民族學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I313.06

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