本文關(guān)鍵詞： 信訪制度 功能錯(cuò)位 發(fā)展創(chuàng)新　出處：《中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：信訪制度面臨諸多問(wèn)題的癥結(jié)是功能錯(cuò)位。信訪制度功能錯(cuò)位的背后深層誘因是作為信訪制度淵源的群眾路線并沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型,同國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化所蘊(yùn)含的依法治國(guó)思想缺乏良性互動(dòng)、同步統(tǒng)一。信訪制度走出困境的關(guān)鍵在于,信訪制度要回歸民主政治與社會(huì)治理的本義上去。但是,當(dāng)前的治理方式難以解決這一癥結(jié),必須以國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化為視域,從宏觀價(jià)值層面、中觀制度導(dǎo)向?qū)用妗⑽⒂^機(jī)制層面,尋求信訪制度發(fā)展創(chuàng)新的破解之道。發(fā)軔于黨的群眾路線的信訪制度,在革命、建設(shè)、改革的具體實(shí)踐中,為貫徹群眾路線,密切黨群關(guān)系,發(fā)揮了重要作用,形成了政治參與、民主監(jiān)督、權(quán)利救濟(jì)為主的功能。然而,在經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌、社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,社會(huì)急劇變遷導(dǎo)致社會(huì)斷裂和結(jié)構(gòu)分化,加之政治整合無(wú)法及時(shí)跟進(jìn),使信訪制度出現(xiàn)了功能錯(cuò)位,具體表現(xiàn)為:原來(lái)的政治緩沖強(qiáng)化為政治控制;原來(lái)的政治參與演化為權(quán)利救濟(jì);原來(lái)的正向政治整合異化為反向民粹鼓動(dòng)的權(quán)柄。導(dǎo)致信訪制度功能錯(cuò)位實(shí)踐原因在于:利益格局深刻調(diào)整,加劇社會(huì)矛盾;基層民主制度偏離,阻礙利益表達(dá);法治建設(shè)進(jìn)程遲緩,缺乏行為規(guī)范。導(dǎo)致信訪制度功能錯(cuò)位的理論原因在于:隨著黨從革命政黨到執(zhí)政黨的地位轉(zhuǎn)變,作為信訪制度淵源的群眾路線并沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型,同國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化所蘊(yùn)含的依法治國(guó)思想缺乏良性互動(dòng)、同步統(tǒng)一。信訪制度出現(xiàn)的功能錯(cuò)位,將其推到了存廢之爭(zhēng)的風(fēng)口浪尖。主廢派過(guò)分夸大社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,以不合時(shí)宜而否定信訪制度。主存派強(qiáng)調(diào)信訪的職責(zé)和使命沒(méi)有變,提出不僅不能取消,還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)。單純主張廢除、一味突出強(qiáng)化,對(duì)解決信訪制度的頑疾都非良藥,為此,吸取兩派之合理因素,聯(lián)系實(shí)際,推動(dòng)信訪制度發(fā)展創(chuàng)新才是良策。信訪制度的發(fā)展創(chuàng)新,絕不能單靠自身的改革與完善來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。因?yàn)?雖然我們用行政命令的方式簡(jiǎn)單剝離信訪制度的衍生功能,信訪制度可以因此而松綁,但社會(huì)的問(wèn)題和矛盾是依然存在的。怎么辦?回到信訪對(duì)民主政治和社會(huì)治理這一本義上來(lái),促進(jìn)信訪制度的現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型,從更為宏觀的國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的視域進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。這既可以對(duì)已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)矛盾提供制度化的化解渠道,又不會(huì)因信訪制度的功能回歸而放任社會(huì)矛盾。為此,信訪制度的發(fā)展創(chuàng)新要在國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化視域下,從宏觀的價(jià)值目標(biāo)、中觀的制度導(dǎo)向、微觀的具體對(duì)策三個(gè)層面尋求突破:在宏觀的價(jià)值觀層面,按照國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的價(jià)值目標(biāo),重塑契合國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化價(jià)值意蘊(yùn)的信訪制度價(jià)值旨趣。使日益扭曲的信訪價(jià)值旨趣回歸到以社會(huì)主義政治民主的理念為指引、以社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的精神為基礎(chǔ)、以社會(huì)主義公平正義為目標(biāo)、以社會(huì)主義法治精神為精髓的國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的現(xiàn)代價(jià)值軌道上去,構(gòu)建價(jià)值目標(biāo)。在中觀的制度建構(gòu)層面,按照國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的制度要求,建立適應(yīng)國(guó)家治理體系現(xiàn)代化需要的信訪制度分導(dǎo)路向。在國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化視域下調(diào)整市場(chǎng)、政府、社會(huì)、法治的關(guān)系,使市場(chǎng)、政府、社會(huì)、法治各司其職、有效運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),進(jìn)行制度創(chuàng)新。在微觀的具體對(duì)策層面,根據(jù)國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要,建立符合國(guó)家治理能力現(xiàn)代化需要的信訪制度具體對(duì)策。通過(guò)進(jìn)行責(zé)任信訪、陽(yáng)光信訪、法治信訪的建設(shè),化解信訪制度面臨的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,解決市場(chǎng)、政府、社會(huì)、公民的關(guān)系失序問(wèn)題,進(jìn)行機(jī)制創(chuàng)新。
[Abstract]:The petition system is facing numerous problems is "deep cause behind the petition system functions as the petition system origin of the mass line and did not realize the modern transformation, with the modernization of national governance implication of the rule of law thought is lack of interaction, synchronization of unified. The key is out of the plight of the petition system, petition system to return to democracy with the original meaning of social governance. However, the current mode of governance is difficult to solve this problem, must be based on the modernization of national governance from the perspective of value, from the macro level, meso system oriented level, mechanism level, the crack of the road for the development of the innovation of the petition system. Beginning in the mass line of the party's petition system in the revolution. The construction of the concrete practice of reform, to carry out the mass line, close ties between the party and play an important role in the formation of political participation, democratic supervision, The right relief function. However, in the economic transition, social transition, social changes lead to social fracture and structural differentiation, and political integration can not be timely follow-up, the petition system has function of dislocation, the specific performance: the original political buffer to strengthen political control; the original political participation for the evolution of right relief; positive the alienation of political integration as the reverse power. That led to encouraging populist petition system functions practical reasons: the profound adjustment of benefit pattern and intensify social contradictions; from grassroots democracy, hindering the expression of interest; legal construction process is slow, the lack of a code of conduct. That leads to the petition system function dislocation theory reason: with the change of the party from a revolutionary party to the position of the ruling party, as the origin of the mass line of the petition system did not achieve the modern transformation, with the modernization of national governance implication The idea of rule by law. The lack of interactive, synchronization of unified functions of petition system appeared, pushing it to the abolition of the dispute in the teeth of the storm. The main waste sent exaggerates the social transformation, to deny the petition system memory be inopportune or inappropriate. The school emphasizes the responsibility and the mission has not changed, it not only can not be canceled, but also strengthen. Simply blindly advocate the abolition, strengthening the petition system, to solve the ills of non medicine, therefore, to absorb the reasonable factors, the two factions of the practice, to promote the development of the innovation system is the best. The development of the petition system innovation, must not be alone to achieve reform and improve itself. Because, although the derivative we use administrative orders has stripped the petition system, petition system can be relaxed, but the social problems and contradictions still exist. How to do? Go back to the petition on democratic politics and society The original meaning of governance, the promotion of modern institutional transformation, innovation and development from a macro perspective of the modernization of the state governance. It can not only provide institutional channels to resolve social contradictions have produced, and will not return because of the function of petition system and laissez faire social contradictions. Therefore, the development and innovation of the petition system to in the modernization of national governance perspective, from the value goal of macro, meso and micro oriented system, the specific measures in three aspects: to seek a breakthrough in the macro level of values, in accordance with the value goal of the modernization of national governance, the petition system value remodeling fit the modernization of national governance value. The petition value increasingly skewed return to the socialist political democracy concept as a guide to the socialist market economy based on the spirit of fairness and justice, to socialism as the goal, to the agency The spirit of rule of track for the essence of the modern value of the modernization of national governance, build the value target. Construction level in view of the system, in accordance with the requirements of the modernization of national governance system, to establish the modernization of national governance systems need to adjust the market direction. The petition system has, in the modernization of national governance from the perspective of the government, society, the relationship between the rule of law so, market, government, social, legal duties, effective operation, system innovation. In the micro level of specific measures, according to the needs of the modernization of national governance reality, establish the petition system specific measures need to the modernization of national governance capacity. The responsibility of the petition, the sunshine petition, the construction of the rule of law to resolve the practical problems of the petition, the petition to solve the system is facing in the market, the government, society, citizen relationship disorder, mechanism innovation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D632.8
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本文編號(hào)：1456554