本文關鍵詞：我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能特征及其訓練監(jiān)控應用的研究　出處：《上海體育學院》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 優(yōu)秀運動員 腦功能特征 訓練監(jiān)控 競技能力調(diào)控 評估體系

【摘要】：目的:運動負荷對中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生影響的檢測與評估,一直是困擾教練員與科研人員的難點問題之一。腦電圖是腦生理特征的客觀反映,是檢驗和預測腦狀態(tài)和功能變化的重要依據(jù)。從2011年至2013年,我們就不同級別、不同訓練階段、不同訓練狀態(tài)下優(yōu)秀運動員的腦功能特征進行了為期三年的綜合調(diào)查和實驗研究。在大量數(shù)據(jù)和實驗的基礎上,建立腦功能特征指標評價體系,從神經(jīng)中樞角度為優(yōu)秀運動員訓練監(jiān)控提供科學、準確、客觀的方法,為優(yōu)秀運動員進行科學訓練提供理論依據(jù)。方法:采用腦電信息熵和神經(jīng)遞質分析技術,對優(yōu)秀運動員的腦功能特征進行了研究。研究分為五個部分:1、優(yōu)秀運動員的腦功能特征。研究對象為普通正常人189人,優(yōu)秀運動員540人(其中一級運動員199人,健將級運動員217人,國際健將級運動員124人);2、不同訓練階段,優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能特征。研究對象為來自7個不同項群的384名優(yōu)秀運動員,觀察四個訓練階段(開始階段、提供階段、強化階段和賽前階段)腦功能特征的變化。3、不同訓練狀態(tài),優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能特征。研究對象為來自7個不同項群的384名優(yōu)秀運動員,觀察五個狀態(tài)時腦功能特征的變化。4、依據(jù)前三個實驗的數(shù)據(jù),采用百分位數(shù)法,初步建立“我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能檢測技術評估與監(jiān)控體系”。5、在實踐中應用“我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能檢測技術評估與監(jiān)控體系”,以國家體操隊備戰(zhàn)12年倫敦奧運會為例。結果:1、使用腦電信息熵與神經(jīng)遞質分析技術分析腦電圖,可以看出優(yōu)秀運動員與普通正常人相比,具有協(xié)調(diào)、穩(wěn)定和有序等腦功能特征。級別越高的運動員其穩(wěn)定性越好,有序性越高。男女沒有顯著性差異。2、使用腦電信息熵與神經(jīng)遞質分析技術分析腦電圖,優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能特征隨著訓練階段的變化發(fā)生規(guī)律性變化。3、使用腦電信息熵與神經(jīng)遞質分析技術分析腦電圖,優(yōu)秀運動腦功能特征隨著訓練狀態(tài)的變化發(fā)生規(guī)律性變化。4、采用百分位數(shù)法,初步建立“我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能檢測技術評估與監(jiān)控體系”。5、通過在實踐中使用“我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能檢測技術評估與監(jiān)控體系”,發(fā)現(xiàn)腦電圖的個體差異很大,個體化評估可以更精準地反映訓練負荷所引起的人體變化以及運動員當前狀態(tài),腦功能特征指標可從中樞狀態(tài)評估角度作為訓練監(jiān)控的指標之一。結論:優(yōu)秀運動員具有協(xié)調(diào)、穩(wěn)定和有序等腦功能特征,在不同訓練階段、不同訓練狀態(tài),優(yōu)秀運動員的腦功能特征均會發(fā)生相應的改變,據(jù)此建立的“我國優(yōu)秀運動員腦功能檢測技術評估與監(jiān)控體系”是優(yōu)秀運動員進行訓練監(jiān)控和選拔參賽運動員的客觀有效評價方法,該方法從中樞狀態(tài)評估角度充實了競技能力狀態(tài)診斷與評估指標體系。
[Abstract]:Objective: to detect and evaluate the influence of exercise load on central nervous system, is always one of the difficult problems of coaches and researchers. EEG is an objective reflection of brain physiological characteristics, is an important basis for inspection and prediction of brain state and function. From 2011 to 2013, we have different levels, different stages of training, brain functional characteristics of elite athletes in different training conditions were studied by comprehensive investigation and experiment for a period of three years. Based on a large amount of data and experiments, the establishment of cerebral function characteristics of the evaluation index system, from the nerve center angle for the training monitoring of elite athletes to provide scientific, accurate and objective method to provide a theoretical basis for the excellent athletes scientific training. Methods: the EEG information entropy and neurotransmitter analysis technology, functional characteristics of outstanding athletes were studied. The research is divided into five parts: Points: 1, brain function of elite athletes. The research object is the normal person 189 people, 540 people (including athletes level 199 athletes, athletes 217 people, the international master athletes 124 people); 2, different stages of training, the brain function of elite athletes characteristics as the research object from 7. A different group of 384 elite athletes, observe four training phases (beginning stage, stage, stage and strengthening stage before).3 changes in cerebral function characteristics, different training status, brain function of elite athletes characteristics. The object of the study is from 7 different groups of 384 elite athletes, to observe.4 changes five when the brain function feature, according to the data of the three experiments, using percentile method, the initial establishment of the detection technology assessment and monitoring system of the brain function of elite athletes in China.5, application of "brain power of elite athletes in China in practice Can detect technology assessment and monitoring system, to the National Gymnastics Team Preparing for the 12 Olympic Games in London as an example. Results: 1, the use of brain electric information entropy analysis of EEG technology and neurotransmitter analysis, can be seen in elite athletes and normal people compared with coordination, stability and functional characteristics of sequence. The higher the level of brain the stability of athletes is better, more orderly. And there is no significant difference in.2, using the technology of brain electrical information entropy analysis of EEG and neurotransmitter, brain function change with the characteristics of elite athletes training phase changes of.3, using the technology of EEG analysis of electric brain neurotransmitters and information entropy analysis, function characteristics of elite sports with the change of brain training status changes.4, using percentile method, the initial establishment of the detection technology assessment and monitoring system of the brain function of elite athletes in China through.5. The use of "detection technology assessment and monitoring system of the brain function of Chinese elite athletes in practice, found that individual differences in EEG, individualized evaluation can more accurately reflect the change of human body caused by the athletes training load and the current state of brain function feature index from the central point of state assessment as one of the training monitoring indexes conclusion: elite athletes have coordinated, stable and orderly features of brain, in the different stages of training, different training status, brain function of elite athletes will change correspondingly, according to the establishment of the" brain function of Chinese elite athletes detection technology assessment and monitoring system "is the objective and effective evaluation method for elite athletes the monitoring of the training and selection of athletes, this method enriches the competitive ability of diagnosis and evaluation index system from the central state assessment perspective.

【學位授予單位】：上海體育學院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G808.1

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