發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-24 17:10

【摘要】：近年來(lái),利用人的語(yǔ)音來(lái)識(shí)別其身份的司法話者識(shí)別技術(shù)越來(lái)越成為打擊犯罪、保護(hù)公民權(quán)益的一種重要技術(shù)手段。但隨著犯罪人反偵查能力的提高或被告人趨利避害心理的影響,他們?cè)谶`法犯罪或侵害他人合法權(quán)益時(shí)使用方言或普通話,而在收集比對(duì)樣本時(shí),經(jīng)常會(huì)因這些人的不配合而得不到其對(duì)應(yīng)的方言或普通話語(yǔ)音樣本,只能在普通話與方言之間進(jìn)行比對(duì)。截至目前,話者識(shí)別專家可用的特征音段首先是局限在同一語(yǔ)段當(dāng)中的相同音段(語(yǔ)音相同的語(yǔ)句),其次是聲韻調(diào)均相同的孤立的詞組或句末音節(jié)、句首音節(jié)。由于特殊地理及歷史等因素的影響,山西方言與普通話具有比官話與普通話更大的差異性。在山西方言與普通話之間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別時(shí),語(yǔ)音檢材與樣本中很難找到滿足現(xiàn)有條件的足夠特征音段來(lái)進(jìn)行比對(duì)。在這種情況下發(fā)掘其它可供比對(duì)的特征音段,則成為解決這一問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料比對(duì)、田野調(diào)查、實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)分析及統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等方法,對(duì)話者自動(dòng)識(shí)別在山西方言與普通話間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別的可行性,山西方言與普通話語(yǔ)音系統(tǒng)的差異性,山西汾城方言緊喉音節(jié)與對(duì)應(yīng)普通話音節(jié)在司法話者識(shí)別時(shí)的可比性,同聲同韻異調(diào)音節(jié)、異聲同韻音節(jié)及不同后響復(fù)韻母共有響元音進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別的可行性,利用非語(yǔ)音信息輔助司法話者識(shí)別等進(jìn)行了較詳細(xì)研究,得出了以下結(jié)論：(1)現(xiàn)階段,企圖只靠話者自動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別的想法不現(xiàn)實(shí),而在山西方言與普通話之間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別更是難以達(dá)到令人滿意的效果。在山西方言與普通話之間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別主要還要依靠專家方法。(2)山西方言中,與普通話韻母一致度最低的方言點(diǎn)分別為：中區(qū)的交城(5個(gè)),北區(qū)的平魯(6個(gè)),東北區(qū)的廣靈(12個(gè)),東南區(qū)的陽(yáng)城(6個(gè)),南區(qū)的萬(wàn)榮(11個(gè)),西區(qū)的靜樂(lè)(6個(gè))、中陽(yáng)(6個(gè)),進(jìn)一步探究山西方言與普通話進(jìn)行說(shuō)話人識(shí)別的判閾應(yīng)從中區(qū)的交城,北區(qū)的平魯,東南區(qū)的陽(yáng)城,西區(qū)的靜樂(lè)、中陽(yáng)這幾個(gè)方言點(diǎn)著手。(3)在山西方言與普通話之間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別時(shí),可利用的語(yǔ)音特征音段的選用順序?yàn)椋和曂嵧{(diào)音節(jié)→同聲同韻異調(diào)音節(jié)→發(fā)聲部位相同、方法不同的異聲同韻同調(diào)音節(jié)→發(fā)聲部位相同、方法不同的異聲同韻異調(diào)音節(jié)→發(fā)聲部位相近、方法相同的異聲同韻同調(diào)音節(jié)→發(fā)聲部位相近、方法相同的異聲同韻異調(diào)音節(jié)→發(fā)聲部位較遠(yuǎn)、方法相同的異聲同韻同調(diào)音節(jié)→同調(diào)不同后響復(fù)韻母共有響元音→異調(diào)不同后響復(fù)韻母共有響元音。但在選用這些特征音段時(shí)還需要注意一些事項(xiàng)。(4)在方言與普通話之間進(jìn)行司法話者識(shí)別時(shí),可以充分利用非語(yǔ)音信息所揭示出的個(gè)體特性輔助解決話者識(shí)別問(wèn)題。這些結(jié)論對(duì)進(jìn)一步完善漢語(yǔ)的話者識(shí)別理論、解決辦案過(guò)程中所遇到的實(shí)際問(wèn)題具有重要價(jià)值,對(duì)方言研究與實(shí)際應(yīng)用相結(jié)合,更好地發(fā)揮方言研究成果的社會(huì)效益,具有重要意義,對(duì)其他方言與普通話間的說(shuō)話人識(shí)別研究,也具有重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the use of people's voice to identify the judicial speech recognition technology of its identity has become an important technical means to fight crime and protect the rights and interests of citizens. However, with the improvement of the anti-investigation ability of the offender or the influence of the defendant's psychological influence, they use the dialect or the Putonghua in the case of the crime or the infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of others, and when the sample is collected, It is often not possible to get the corresponding dialect or the Putonghua voice sample due to the non-cooperation of these people, and can only be compared between the Putonghua and the dialect. At present, the speech segment of the speech recognition expert can first be the same sound segment (the same sentence as the voice) which is limited in the same segment, and the second is the same isolated phrase or the end syllable and the first syllable in the same language segment. Due to the influence of special geography and history, Shanxi dialect and Mandarin have a greater difference than Mandarin and Mandarin. In the case of the identification of the judicial speech between the Shanxi dialect and the Putonghua, it is difficult to find enough features to meet the existing conditions to make the comparison. In this case, it is the key to solve this problem. In this paper, the author uses the methods of literature comparison, field investigation, experimental phonetics analysis and statistical analysis to identify the feasibility, the difference between the Shanxi dialect and the Putonghua speech system, The comparison between the syllable of the compact throat of the Fencheng dialect of Shanxi and the corresponding Putonghua syllable in the identification of the legal person is the feasibility of the identification of the judicial speaker in the same rhyme, the same rhyme and the different after-sound and the complex finals. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) At present, it is not realistic to attempt to identify the system by the speaker automatically. However, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory effect in that identification of the judicial speech between the dialect of Shanxi and the Putonghua. The identification of the judicial speech between the dialect of Shanxi and the Putonghua mainly depends on the expert method. (2) In the Shanxi dialect, the dialect points with the lowest degree of conformity with the Chinese finals are: the Jiaocheng (5) in the Central District, the Pinglu (6) in the North District, the Guangling (12) in the northeast, the Yangcheng (6) in the south-east, the Wanrong (11 in the Southern District) and the Jingle in the west (6). Zhongyang (6), further explore the judgment threshold of the speaker recognition in Shanxi dialect and Putonghua from the intersection of the Central District, the Pinglu of the North District, the Yangcheng of the southeast, the Jingle in the Western District, and the dialect points of Zhongyang. (3) In the case of the identification of the judicial speech between the dialect of Shanxi and the Putonghua, the selection order of the sound segment of the speech feature that can be used is as follows: the same tone and the same tone of the same rhyme are the same as the same, and the different sounds of the same tone are the same as that of the same tone and the same tone. The method of the invention has the advantages that the abnormal sound of different sounds is similar to the sound-producing part of the same-tone and the same-tone, the same method is similar to that of the same-tone, In the same way, the same tone of the same tone is the same as that of the same tone, and the same tone is the same as that of the same tone. However, attention needs to be paid to the selection of these features. And (4) when the dialect and the Putonghua are recognized, the problem of the speaker identification can be assisted by taking full advantage of the individual characteristics disclosed by the non-voice information. These conclusions are of great significance to further improve the recognition theory of the Chinese language, solve the practical problems encountered in the process of handling the case, and combine the study of the dialects with the practical application to better play the social and social benefits of the research results of the dialects. It is also of great significance to identify and study the speaker between other dialects and Putonghua.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H116

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