【摘要】：21世紀(jì)科技高度發(fā)達(dá),但語言到底是什么的老問題還沒有解決。不僅老問題還沒有很好解決,而且新問題也在亟待解決。這些問題都可以歸結(jié)為語言在哪里的問題,或語言與存在的問題,也即語言的邊界問題。本文企圖通過回答語言在哪里的問題來尋求找到語言是什么的問題的新視角,以此促成語言存在的邊界轉(zhuǎn)向。因此其主要貢獻(xiàn)在于(1)明確提出語言是邊界。(2)發(fā)現(xiàn)語言有邊界。(3)建立了語言邊界運動體系。(4)提出并實施哲學(xué)的“whereis”范式。(5)提出并初步建立了語言邊界方法論。(6)回答了語言在哪里的問題�？傊�,某個意義上找到了語言的本質(zhì):語言是邊界。也即是回答了語言是什么的根本問題。思想史上還少有提出過語言在哪里的問題,更沒有科學(xué)地回答過語言在哪里的問題。我們希望通過回答語言在哪里的問題來接近對語言是什么的問題的回答。我們的回答是:語言在邊界。本文圍繞語言在哪里的問題探索了三個方面、回答了三個基本問題。本文探索了(1)邊界的屬性及語言邊界思想的源頭(2)語言邊界的宏觀、中觀以及微觀層面(3)語言邊界方法論。本文根據(jù)語言的邊界屬性也就是語言的邊界性回答了語言是什么、在哪里、語言能力是什么、語法的本質(zhì)是什么等問題。本文提出邊界是語言、知識和主體性三位一體的存在,所以,語言是邊界的基本屬性之一,由此提出建立新語言觀、新知識觀和新主體性觀。文章把語言納入整個宇宙的考慮中,認(rèn)為語言是有層級性的存在,不是人類所獨有的,指出人類語言(HL)的普遍語法受制于宇宙(世界)普遍語法,而人類語言的語法與語言能力也是有層級性的,各自有各自的邊界條件。該研究為語法的自然屬性和社會屬性劃界,發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代有關(guān)的語言理論各有自己的正確性,而語言邊界思想有利于消解有關(guān)語言的一些沖突進(jìn)而達(dá)到統(tǒng)一。本文通過對人類語言的中觀和微觀的邊界運動,探索了邊界語法,揭示了人類語言的邊界性,并運用語言邊界方法對語言的歷時與共時的本質(zhì)、詞與句的邊界問題、外語教育問題、語言的感知與產(chǎn)出問題、人-機翻譯的邊界問題進(jìn)行了具體的探索。通過該研究的實施,本文超越傳統(tǒng)的“whatis”范式,開啟了“whereis”的哲學(xué)范式,建立了語言學(xué)的語言邊界理論,提供了另一種解決語言問題的途徑。如果說海德格爾為存在找到了家——語言,那么我們?yōu)檎Z言找到了“家”——邊界,進(jìn)而說明存在的循環(huán)本質(zhì)。最終回答了語言是什么這個根本問題:語言是邊界。
[Abstract]:Science and technology are highly developed in the 21 st century, but the old problem of what language is has not been solved. Not only the old problem has not been solved well, but also the new problem needs to be solved. These problems can all be attributed to the question of where language is, or the problem of language and existence, that is, the boundary problem of language. This paper attempts to find a new perspective on what language is by answering the question of where language is, so as to promote the boundary turn of language existence. Therefore, its main contribution lies in: (1) making it clear that language is a boundary; (2) finding that language has a boundary; (3) establishing a system of language boundary movement; (4) proposing and implementing the "whereis" paradigm of philosophy. (5) proposing a "whereis" paradigm for philosophy. The methodology of language boundary is established preliminarily. (6) the question of where the language is answered. In a word, we find the essence of language in a sense: language is the boundary. That is, to answer the fundamental question of what language is. In the history of thought, there are few questions about where the language is, let alone a scientific answer to the question of where the language is. We want to approach the answer to the question of what language is by answering the question of where the language is. Our answer is: language is at the border. This paper explores three aspects and answers three basic questions about where language lies. This paper explores (1) the attributes of the boundary and the source of the thought of the language boundary (2) the macro, meso and micro levels of the language boundary (3) the methodology of the language boundary. According to the boundary attribute of language, which is the boundary of language, this paper answers the questions of what language is, where it is, what language ability is, what is the essence of grammar, and so on. This paper points out that the boundary exists as a trinity of language, knowledge and subjectivity. Therefore, language is one of the basic attributes of the boundary, and a new view of language, a new view of knowledge and a new view of subjectivity are put forward. Taking language into consideration of the whole universe, this paper holds that language is a hierarchical existence, which is not unique to human beings. It is pointed out that the universal grammar of human language (HL) is restricted by universal grammar of the universe (the world). The grammar and language ability of human language are also hierarchical, each has its own boundary conditions. This study delimits the natural and social attributes of grammar and finds that modern linguistic theories have their own correctness, while the thought of linguistic boundary helps to resolve some conflicts of language and achieve unity. This paper explores the boundary grammar, reveals the boundary of human language, and applies the language boundary method to analyze the synchronic nature of language and the boundary between words and sentences. The problems of foreign language education, language perception and production, and the boundary of human-machine translation are explored in detail. Through the implementation of this study, this paper transcends the traditional "whatis" paradigm, opens the philosophical paradigm of "whereis", and establishes the linguistic boundary theory of linguistics, which provides another way to solve language problems. If Heidegger finds home-language for existence, then we find "home"-boundary for language, and then explain the circular nature of existence. Finally, it answers the fundamental question of what language is: language is the boundary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H0-0
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本文編號：2408324