本文選題：人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù) + 自由世界主義　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的問(wèn)題是20世紀(jì)末伴隨著現(xiàn)代生命科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展而凸顯的具有較多倫理爭(zhēng)議的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,因其研究對(duì)象的特殊性與復(fù)雜性以及涉及到人類的切身生存和健康方面以及今后社會(huì)的發(fā)展方向等一系列重大且現(xiàn)實(shí)的問(wèn)題,因此成為了目前各個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)＜液蛯W(xué)者關(guān)注與熱議的跨學(xué)科的前沿問(wèn)題。對(duì)于人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的研究不僅僅是科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域所要關(guān)注的問(wèn)題,更是倫理道德領(lǐng)域所要重視的問(wèn)題。人類對(duì)于由科學(xué)技術(shù)所引起的社會(huì)影響以及所造成的社會(huì)后果不僅負(fù)有道義上的責(zé)任也應(yīng)該負(fù)有實(shí)踐上的責(zé)任。為了能夠有道德地生活與行動(dòng),因而亟需推進(jìn)增強(qiáng)技術(shù)實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的倫理研究與探討。本文將從原理、原論、原用三大向度對(duì)人體增強(qiáng)這個(gè)前沿問(wèn)題進(jìn)行倫理研究,主要包括為其提供原理性的支持,并進(jìn)行原則性的辯護(hù),最后需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行價(jià)值引導(dǎo),使其無(wú)論是在形而上的倫理層面,還是在形而下的實(shí)踐層面都能夠得到有效的辯護(hù)與合理的應(yīng)用。人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展之所以引起一系列的爭(zhēng)論與沖突,實(shí)質(zhì)上是生命科學(xué)技術(shù)的“可行”與生命倫理的“應(yīng)該”之間的深層矛盾與沖突的顯現(xiàn)。因而對(duì)于人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的倫理研究不僅需要從形而上的理論層面對(duì)其進(jìn)行深入剖析,通過(guò)對(duì)人體增強(qiáng)問(wèn)題的理性審視,以及對(duì)生命科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的重新評(píng)估與規(guī)范,從形而上的哲學(xué)視角為其提供有效的理論依據(jù)和合乎倫理的基本原則和應(yīng)用原則,進(jìn)而有效地解決技術(shù)與倫理規(guī)范和道德價(jià)值之間的沖突；還需要從形而下的層面加強(qiáng)對(duì)人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)具體實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的監(jiān)管與控制,制定相應(yīng)的政策與策略。通過(guò)“軟”“硬”兼施,積極地面對(duì)并且采取有效措施去解決問(wèn)題以及化解沖突與矛盾,真正把握與控制好人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向,使其真正造福于人類和社會(huì)。通過(guò)對(duì)人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行整體性地把握,針對(duì)其引發(fā)的特殊倫理問(wèn)題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性地探索,以及對(duì)其進(jìn)行后現(xiàn)代生命倫理學(xué)的理論辯護(hù)和合理的倫理原則的構(gòu)建,從而確證人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的倫理未來(lái)。對(duì)于人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用只有綜合形而上的理論層面以及形而下的實(shí)踐層面對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面的考量與評(píng)估,才能既不影響人體增強(qiáng)技術(shù)積極正面效應(yīng)的發(fā)揮,也能避免其消極負(fù)面影響的威脅；既不影響技術(shù)真正地造福于人類,也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)社會(huì)妨礙技術(shù)本身的發(fā)展與進(jìn)步從而喪失更多新的機(jī)遇和可能性的現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The problem of human body enhancement technology is a social realistic problem with many ethical disputes, which is highlighted by the development of modern life science and technology at the end of the 20th century. Because of the particularity and complexity of its research object and a series of important and realistic problems, such as the vital survival and health of human beings and the direction of social development in the future, Therefore, it has become a cross-disciplinary problem which is concerned and discussed by experts and scholars in various fields. The research of human enhancement technology is not only a problem to be paid attention to in the field of science and technology, but also a problem that should be paid attention to in the field of ethics and morality. Human beings have not only moral responsibility but also practical responsibility for the social impact caused by science and technology and its social consequences. In order to live and act morally, it is urgent to promote ethical research and discussion to enhance the practical application of technology. This article will carry on the ethics research from the principle, the primitive theory, the original three dimensions to the human body enhancement this frontier question, mainly includes provides the principle support for it, and carries on the principle defense, finally needs to carry on the value guidance to it. It can be effectively defended and applied in both metaphysical and practical aspects. The development of human enhancement technology causes a series of disputes and conflicts, which is essentially the deep contradiction and conflict between the "feasibility" of life science and technology and the "should" of life ethics. Therefore, the ethical research of human enhancement technology not only needs to be deeply analyzed from the metaphysical theoretical level, but also through the rational examination of the human body enhancement problem, as well as the re-evaluation and regulation of the development of life science and technology. From the perspective of metaphysical philosophy, it provides effective theoretical basis and ethical basic principles and application principles, and then effectively resolves the conflict between technology and ethical norms and moral values; It is also necessary to strengthen the supervision and control of the practical application of human enhancement technology from a formal level, and formulate corresponding policies and strategies. Through the combination of "soft" and "hard", we should actively face and take effective measures to solve problems, resolve conflicts and contradictions, truly grasp and control the development direction of human enhancement technology, and make it truly benefit human beings and society. Through the holistic grasp of human body enhancement technology, the special ethical problems caused by it are systematically explored, and the postmodern bioethics theory defense and reasonable ethical principles are constructed. Thus confirm the ethical future of human enhancement technology. The development and application of human enhancement technology can not affect the positive and positive effects of human enhancement technology unless it is comprehensively considered and evaluated at the theoretical and practical levels of metaphysics. It can also avoid the threat of its negative effects; neither does it affect the true benefits of technology to mankind, nor does society hinder the development and progress of technology itself, thus losing more new opportunities and possibilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B82-057
，

本文編號(hào)：2072165