本文選題：水影畫(huà)技法 + 裝飾薄木��； 參考：《中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：水影畫(huà)是利用油水分離的原理,采用礦物質(zhì)顏料在水面上進(jìn)行作畫(huà)的一種繪畫(huà)技法,將該技法用于薄木表面裝飾上,會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同于傳統(tǒng)工藝的裝飾效果,圖案具有隨機(jī)性、獨(dú)創(chuàng)性和唯一性,其產(chǎn)品可用于墻面、地板、禮品、家具、局部裝飾以及家居陳設(shè)品等方面。本研究利用水影畫(huà)技法與薄木相結(jié)合,研發(fā)出新型裝飾薄木制備技術(shù),改變了裝飾薄木的傳統(tǒng)工藝,為薄木裝飾材料的定制服務(wù)和個(gè)性化設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新的途徑。本研究選用淺色系的大青楊(Populus ussuriensis),白楓(Acer saccarum Marsh),白松(Pinus strobus)薄木為試件,系統(tǒng)研究了不同制備工藝條件下,水影畫(huà)技法裝飾薄木的表面效果、耐磨性、耐光性、顏色覆蓋程度以及染色深度等基本性能,并利用一系列先進(jìn)儀器與設(shè)備,對(duì)裝飾薄木試件的接觸角、表面自由能、微觀形貌、化學(xué)基團(tuán)變化等進(jìn)行了表征與分析,最終得到的主要結(jié)論和結(jié)果如下:(1)制備試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果總結(jié)出畫(huà)液的最優(yōu)配比參數(shù)和基本工藝流程。其中畫(huà)液配比參數(shù)為8-10g畫(huà)粉配1000ml清水,溫度180°加熱3-5min,冷卻3-4h。在工藝流程試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)薄木表面預(yù)先打磨、畫(huà)液冷卻充分、拓印后的薄木平鋪通風(fēng)晾干、繪制完畢用普通紙吸附畫(huà)液表面殘余顏料,這幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)和步驟,能極大的優(yōu)化工藝過(guò)程,并提高工藝質(zhì)量。(2)耐磨性試驗(yàn)表明,試件表面預(yù)先經(jīng)過(guò)打磨處理后,其耐磨性能大大提高;耐磨性因樹(shù)種不同而異,紋理通直細(xì)密的樹(shù)種,著色后單板的耐磨性能更好,白楓(Acer saccarum Marsh)試件體現(xiàn)出更好耐磨性能。(3)氙光衰減儀輻射試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,光照過(guò)程中不同樹(shù)種的著色單板試件均有一定程度的褪色,其中,白楓(Acer saccarum Marsh)的耐光性能最好;三種顏料中,紅色顏料的△E*ab(紅)為8.07、藍(lán)色顏料的△E*ab(藍(lán))為12.70、黃色顏料的△E*ab(黃)僅為6.77,黃色顏料的耐光性能最好;著色試件光照100h后,色品指數(shù)均偏向黃綠。(4)紅外光譜分析(FTIR)結(jié)果可以推斷出,著色試件在1720-1740cm-1附近表示半纖維素木聚糖及無(wú)機(jī)顏料氧化物的C=O伸縮振動(dòng)的特征峰,其吸光強(qiáng)度在光照后有明顯的減弱;在1050cm-1處為木材纖維素和半纖維素的C-O伸縮振動(dòng)的特征峰,其吸光強(qiáng)度在光照后只有微小的減弱。說(shuō)明光照前后,存在于著色薄木中的顏料和薄木本身均發(fā)生了氧化變色,顏料的氧化變色更為顯著。(5)掃描電鏡(SEM)觀察結(jié)合能譜元素分析的結(jié)果表明,通過(guò)水影畫(huà)技法裝飾薄木,是一種木材表面的著色,黃色顏料層的深度為40μm,紅色為140μm,藍(lán)色為150μm,黃色顏料層的著色深度最小;掃描電鏡(SEM)結(jié)果表明,黃色顏料的試件木材導(dǎo)管基本被覆蓋,而紅色和藍(lán)色顏料只有很小區(qū)域內(nèi)的導(dǎo)管被覆蓋,表明黃色顏料覆蓋程度最好。這表明黃色顏料覆蓋程度最好。顏料在薄木表面的分散程度與顏料研磨的精細(xì)程度有直接的關(guān)系。(6)接觸角測(cè)試和表面自由能的分析表明,大青楊(Populus ussuriensis),白楓(Acer saccarum Marsh)和白松(Pinus strobus)試件著色后的接觸角,無(wú)論極性液體還是非極性液體,都大于未著色試件,呈明顯的疏水特性。(7)通過(guò)著色過(guò)程和圖案形成方式解析,發(fā)現(xiàn)繪制過(guò)程可以通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助參與,也為以后對(duì)工藝流程的提升和完善,提出了建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)。
[Abstract]:Water shadow painting is a painting technique using the principle of oil and water separation, using mineral pigments on the surface of the water. Using this technique to decorate the surface of a thin wood, it will produce a decorative effect different from the traditional process. The pattern is random, ingenious and unique. The product can be used for wall, floor, gift, furniture, and local decoration. In this study, a new decorative thin wood preparation technology was developed by combining water shadow painting technique with thin wood, which changed the traditional craft of decorative veneer, and provided a new way for the customized service and personalized design of the veneer decoration materials. This study chose the light color Populus ussuriensis, white. Acer saccarum Marsh (Pinus strobus) and white pine (Pinus strobus) thin wood were used as a test piece. The surface effect, wear resistance, light resistance, color coverage and dyeing depth of the veneer were studied under different preparation conditions. The contact angle of the ornamental wood specimen was used by a series of advanced instruments and equipment. The surface free energy, micromorphology, chemical group change and so on are characterized and analyzed. The main conclusions and results are as follows: (1) the optimal ratio parameters and basic process flow of the drawing fluid are summed up. The ratio parameter of the drawing fluid is 8-10g painting powder with 1000ml water, the temperature is heated at 180 degrees 3-5min, and the cooling 3-4h. is in the process flow. In the course test, it is found that the surface of the wood is beforehand polished, the painting liquid is cooled fully, the thin wood after the rubbings is laid out to dry, and the surface residual pigment on the surface of the painting is sored with ordinary paper. These key links and steps can greatly optimize the process process and improve the quality of the process. (2) the wear resistance test shows that the surface of the specimen is beforehand polished. After that, the wear resistance of the tree is greatly improved, the wear resistance varies with the tree species and the texture is straight and fine. The wear resistance of the veneer after coloring is better. The Bai Feng (Acer saccarum Marsh) specimen shows better wear resistance. (3) the radiation test results of the xenon light attenuation instrument show that the color mono plate of different tree species in the light process has a certain degree. Color fading, of which, Bai Feng (Acer saccarum Marsh) has the best light resistance; of the three pigments, the red pigment Delta E*ab (red) is 8.07, the blue pigment Delta E*ab (blue) is 12.70, the yellow pigment Delta E*ab (yellow) is only 6.77, the yellow pigment is the best light resistance; after the illumination 100h, the color index is biased to the yellow green. (4) infrared spectral division. The results of the analysis (FTIR) can be deduced that the colored specimen shows the characteristic peak of the C=O expansion vibration of the hemicellulose xylan and the inorganic pigment oxide in the vicinity of 1720-1740cm-1, and the absorbance intensity is obviously weakened after the light, and the characteristic peak of the C-O expansion vibration of the wood cellulose and hemicellulose at the 1050cm-1 is in the light intensity after the illumination. There is only a slight weakening. It is indicated that the pigments and thin wood in the colored wood are discoloured and discoloured more significantly before and after the illumination. (5) the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation combined with the analysis of the elements of energy spectrum shows that the ornamental wood on the wood surface is painted by the water shadow painting technique, and the yellow pigment layer is a kind of wood surface. The depth is 40 mu m, red is 140 mu m, blue is 150 mu m, and the color depth of yellow pigment layer is the smallest. The result of scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the wood catheter of yellow pigment is covered basically, and the red and blue pigment is covered only in the small area of the area, indicating that the yellow pigment is best covered. This indicates the degree of yellow pigment covering. The degree of dispersion of the pigment on the surface of the wood has a direct relationship with the fine degree of the pigment grinding. (6) the contact angle test and the analysis of the surface free energy show that the contact angle after the color of the Populus ussuriensis, the white maple (Acer saccarum Marsh) and the white pine (Pinus strobus) specimens, both polar and nonpolar liquids, More than the uncoloured specimen, it has obvious hydrophobic properties. (7) through the analysis of the process of coloring and pattern formation, it is found that the drawing process can be assisted by computer aided, and the constructive suggestions are also put forward for the improvement and improvement of the process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：J211;TS652

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