清末國(guó)會(huì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)研究
本文選題：立憲派 + 請(qǐng)?jiān)?/strong> ； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】：1840年,鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā),英國(guó)的堅(jiān)船利炮轟開(kāi)了長(zhǎng)期閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)的中國(guó)國(guó)門,中國(guó)開(kāi)始了近代化的歷程。在近代化的過(guò)程中,西方列強(qiáng)不斷凌辱中國(guó),瘋狂攫取利益,中國(guó)淪為了半殖民半封建社會(huì),但西方的先進(jìn)政治制度和民主憲政思潮也漸次傳入了中國(guó),并被先進(jìn)的知識(shí)分子和開(kāi)明官紳所接受,立憲思潮在中國(guó)開(kāi)始萌芽。1905年,日俄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),日本的勝利,更使國(guó)人看到,國(guó)家強(qiáng)盛并非是因?yàn)榧妓嚨南冗M(jìn),最根本還在于擁有先進(jìn)的政治制度,立憲思潮高漲,要求“立憲”的吶喊聲不斷。晚清政府迫于內(nèi)外壓力,從維護(hù)自身統(tǒng)治的角度開(kāi)始了中國(guó)歷史上前所未有的政治改革,推行君主立憲,試圖達(dá)到國(guó)家強(qiáng)盛的目的。由于在推行立憲的進(jìn)程中,沒(méi)有確定召集國(guó)會(huì)的辦法和期限,于是立憲派組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)國(guó)民發(fā)起了聲勢(shì)浩大的國(guó)會(huì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng),對(duì)晚清政局產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。由于主客觀原因請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)最終失敗,但對(duì)國(guó)人進(jìn)行了憲政教育并普及憲法知識(shí),開(kāi)啟了民智,對(duì)中國(guó)近代的民主憲政生活具有重要的意義。全文共五個(gè)部分,以請(qǐng)?jiān)富顒?dòng)為主線,詳細(xì)的介紹了請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)爆發(fā)的背景、發(fā)展歷程、請(qǐng)?jiān)傅脑V求以及該事件對(duì)晚清政局的影響,最后對(duì)該事件作了客觀公正的評(píng)述。第一部分論述了立憲思潮在中國(guó)興起并高漲,國(guó)會(huì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)正是在這樣的背景下爆發(fā);第二部分對(duì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)的由來(lái)、發(fā)展歷程以及他們的訴求進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹;第三部分分析了請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)晚清政局的積極和消極影響;第四部分對(duì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行了客觀公正的評(píng)述;第五部分得出結(jié)論,總結(jié)分析請(qǐng)?jiān)甘〉母匆约笆录䦟?duì)中國(guó)民主憲政生活的影響。
[Abstract]:In 1840, the Opium War broke out, the British strong ship and the artillery bombardment opened the national gate of China for a long time, and China began the course of modernization. In the process of modernization, the Western powers constantly humiliated China, grabbed the interests, and China was reduced to semi colonial and semi feudal society, but the advanced western political system and democratic constitutionalism trend of thought were also gradually coming. It was introduced into China and accepted by advanced intellectuals and enlightened gentry. The constitutional trend of thought began to germinate in China for.1905 years, the war of Japan and Russia, and the victory of Japan. The national strength was not due to the advanced technology, and the most fundamental was the advanced political system, the high constitutional trend of thought, and the cry for "constitutionalism". In the late Qing Dynasty, the government of the late Qing Dynasty, under the pressure of internal and external, began the unprecedented political reform in Chinese history from the angle of maintaining its own rule, carried out the constitutional monarchy and tried to achieve the goal of the state's prosperity. The great congressional Petition Movement had a great influence on the political situation in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of the subjective and objective reasons, the Petition Movement was finally failed, but the constitutional education and knowledge of the Constitution were carried out to the people of the country, the wisdom of the people was opened up and the Democratic constitutional life in modern China was of great significance. The five parts of the whole article, taking the petition activity as the main line, were detailed. This paper introduces the background of the Petition Movement, the course of development, the appeal of the petition and the influence of the event on the political situation in the late Qing Dynasty. Finally, it makes an objective and impartial review of the event. The first part discusses the rise and rise of the constitutional trend of thought in China, the Congress Petition Movement is just under such a background; the second part of the petition movement is the origin of the movement, The third part analyses the positive and negative effects of the Petition Movement on the political situation in the late Qing Dynasty; the fourth part makes an objective and impartial review of the Petition Movement; the fifth part draws a conclusion, summarizes and analyzes the root cause of the petition failure and the impact of the event on the democratic and constitutional life of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K252
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