本文選題：生態(tài)散文　切入點(diǎn)：自然生態(tài)整體觀　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：新時(shí)期以來,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,與此相伴生的是日益嚴(yán)峻的自然危機(jī),由此生態(tài)已成為當(dāng)前人文社會(huì)科學(xué)的重大主題之一。盡管中國新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文的創(chuàng)作在整體上并不十分成熟,但中國已初具自己的生態(tài)散文,并將成為生態(tài)文學(xué)的一支生力軍,這是無庸置疑的事實(shí)。隨著生態(tài)意識(shí)的不斷增強(qiáng),生態(tài)散文必將是中國未來散文發(fā)展方向的所指,理應(yīng)引起我們的重視。本文即通過對(duì)有代表性的作家作品的具體分析,對(duì)新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文進(jìn)行專題性歸納研究,以期能引起更多人的研究興趣,也期望著自己的研究能對(duì)新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文的創(chuàng)作帶來些許的啟迪,當(dāng)然如果能喚醒大眾的生態(tài)意識(shí),進(jìn)而改變?nèi)藗円酝姆巧鷳B(tài)的生產(chǎn)、生活方式,那便是本論文最大的價(jià)值。本論文除緒論和結(jié)語之外,主體由四部分組成。緒論部分論述論題的源起、論述方法及研究現(xiàn)狀。生態(tài)危機(jī)的現(xiàn)實(shí)促使著我要系統(tǒng)深入地分析和研究新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文的發(fā)展歷程、精神意蘊(yùn)和生態(tài)智慧,以期為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)做點(diǎn)力所能及的貢獻(xiàn)。第一章為“生態(tài)散文的概念及發(fā)展歷程”,先對(duì)生態(tài)散文進(jìn)行概念界定,確定本論文研究的范疇,并分萌生、發(fā)展、繁盛三個(gè)階段,大致勾勒出中國新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文三十多年來的發(fā)展歷程,并對(duì)每階段生態(tài)散文創(chuàng)作的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行概括性論述。第二章為“生態(tài)散文對(duì)現(xiàn)代化的反思”,論述新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文對(duì)生態(tài)危機(jī)現(xiàn)實(shí)的全面揭露,并對(duì)危機(jī)發(fā)生的社會(huì)、文化原因進(jìn)行深入探析。嚴(yán)重的生態(tài)危機(jī)是促生新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文發(fā)展的根本原因,所以對(duì)危機(jī)的關(guān)注是生態(tài)散文的重要內(nèi)容之一,生態(tài)散文不僅提示危機(jī)的現(xiàn)象,更是透過現(xiàn)象探析危機(jī)的社會(huì)性根源,那就是在現(xiàn)代化的社會(huì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中,工業(yè)化和科技的過速發(fā)展所帶來的負(fù)面效應(yīng)。生態(tài)散文從人類中心主義的世界觀、現(xiàn)代科技至上的發(fā)展理念、人類欲望的不加節(jié)制三個(gè)方面對(duì)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)行批判與反思。第三章為“生態(tài)散文對(duì)‘它們’生命的倫理關(guān)懷”,分析西方生態(tài)倫理思想對(duì)中國新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文作家的影響,通過對(duì)“它們”生命主體地位的確認(rèn)及生命價(jià)值的全新解讀、對(duì)“它們”生存狀態(tài)的展示,剖析新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文所具有的生態(tài)倫理意識(shí)。生態(tài)散文作家們把原本只適用于人類的道德倫理法則擴(kuò)展至整個(gè)自然生態(tài)世界,順應(yīng)自然生態(tài)的倫理法則,對(duì)“它們”進(jìn)行倫理關(guān)懷,以期重建人與自然和諧共處的自然新秩序。他們認(rèn)為自然中所有生命的本質(zhì)都是一樣的,“它們”與人類同為自然之子,有權(quán)利在自然中自在地生存下去,有權(quán)利受到尊重,是完全獨(dú)立的、鮮活的生命體。第四章為“生態(tài)散文對(duì)生態(tài)和諧的構(gòu)建”,通過分析生態(tài)散文作家們自然生態(tài)整體觀的確立、對(duì)自然生態(tài)和諧狀態(tài)的描寫以及他們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)的生態(tài)實(shí)踐,論述生態(tài)散文作家們對(duì)生態(tài)和諧愿景的向往及自我生態(tài)人格的完善。自然生態(tài)整體觀是生態(tài)散文興起的重要思想資源,同時(shí)也是生態(tài)散文確立并倡導(dǎo)的最主要的生態(tài)思想,認(rèn)為自然生態(tài)是所有生命體生存其間的世界,是一個(gè)完全獨(dú)立于人類的系統(tǒng),生態(tài)整體的利益高于一切,是評(píng)判人類所有態(tài)度與行為的最高價(jià)值旨?xì)w。只有真正確立起了自然生態(tài)整體觀,主動(dòng)回歸自然,并通過勞動(dòng)等方式真正地融入自然,真切地感悟自然,做個(gè)自然之子,人類才能體驗(yàn)到自然和生命的美,才有可能達(dá)成生態(tài)和諧的狀態(tài)。新時(shí)期生態(tài)散文本質(zhì)上是反人類中心主義的,以自然生態(tài)整體觀為價(jià)值指歸,思索自然與人之間的關(guān)系,挖掘生態(tài)危機(jī)深層的社會(huì)根源,樹立生態(tài)倫理意識(shí),提倡回歸、融入自然的生活態(tài)度與方式,構(gòu)建美好和諧的生態(tài)愿景。生態(tài)危機(jī)是它發(fā)展繁榮的最根本推動(dòng)力,作為自然的一個(gè)生命體,本人希望這一文學(xué)樣式最終能逐漸衰弱下去,因?yàn)樗乃ト躅A(yù)示著自然生態(tài)整體的和諧與生機(jī)勃發(fā),這不僅是所有生態(tài)學(xué)家們的理想,更是世間所有人的共同愿望。
[Abstract]:Since the new period, the rapid development of economy Chinese, associated with this is the serious natural ecological crisis, which has become one of the major themes of the humanities and social sciences. Although ecological prose in the new era China creation as a whole is not very mature, but Chinese has been the beginning of his ecological prose, and will become a force of ecological literature, this is an undoubted fact. With the growing awareness of ecology, ecological prose will be the future direction of development of China prose which should arouse our attention. This paper is based on the specific analysis of the representative works of prose in the new era of ecological research and summarize the topic, in order to can arouse the interest of more people, also look forward to their research on ecological prose in the new era of creation to bring some enlightenment, of course if you can wake up the ecological consciousness of the public, into the Change people non ecological production, the way of life, that is the maximum value of this thesis. This thesis besides the preface and conclusion, the main body consists of four parts. The introduction part discusses the origin of the topic, research methods and status of ecological crisis. The reality prompted me to further analysis and Research on the ecological system prose in the new period of development, the spiritual and ecological wisdom, in order to make some contributions to the construction of ecological civilization. The first chapter is "the concept and the development course of" ecological prose, first defines the concept of ecological prose, this paper determined the scope of the study, and divided into three stages of initiation, development, prosperity and outlines the development course Chinese ecological prose in the new period of thirty years, and the characteristics of each stage of ecological prose to discuss. The second chapter is "the reflection of modern ecological prose", Discusses the ecological prose in the new era of ecological crisis reality fully revealed, and the crisis of social and cultural reasons to conduct in-depth analysis. The serious ecological crisis is the fundamental reason for promoting the development of ecological prose in the new era, so attention to the crisis is an important content of ecological prose, ecological prose not only prompt crisis phenomenon. It is through the social causes of the phenomenon of the crisis, that is in the process of social development of modernization, industrialization and technology had brought the rapid development of the negative effects. The ecological prose from the human centered view of the world, the development of the concept of modern science and technology oriented, human desire, uncontrolled three aspects of criticism and Reflection on modernization. The third chapter is "ecological prose of" they "life ethics", analysis of the impact of Western Ecological Ethics on China ecological prose writers of the new period, through To confirm a new interpretation of "their" subject status and the value of life, of "their" living state display, analysis of ecological ethics and ecological prose in the new era of ecological prose. The writers originally applied only to the human moral rule is extended to the whole natural world, conform to the natural ecological ethics the ethical concern for them, in order to rebuild the harmonious coexistence of man and nature of the natural order. They think that the essence of all beings in nature are the same, "they" and human with nature, have the right to live freely in nature, have the right to be respected, is completely independent and vivid life. The fourth chapter is "the construction of" ecological harmonious ecological prose, through the analysis of the establishment of the ecological prose writers of natural ecological holism, the natural ecology and the harmony state 鎻忓啓浠ュ強(qiáng)浠栦滑鍦ㄧ幇瀹炵殑鐢熸，

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