發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 01:00

  本文選題：高校戶外運動 + 風(fēng)險識別��； 參考：《北京體育大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：戶外運動深受大學(xué)生青睞,從21世紀(jì)伊始在高校得到快速普及,但相關(guān)風(fēng)險因素復(fù)雜特殊,其安全問題未得到充分認(rèn)識,學(xué)生發(fā)展、人才培養(yǎng)、學(xué)校聲譽等因此受到潛在威脅,學(xué)界理應(yīng)給予應(yīng)有觀照。本文以“理論構(gòu)建與實證研究結(jié)合、調(diào)查研究與理論分析結(jié)合、定性分析與定量論證結(jié)合”三原則為指導(dǎo),審視高校戶外運動風(fēng)險及其管理問題,旨在嘗試構(gòu)建相關(guān)理論體系,探索一般范式和防控模式。研究遵循如下思路:從內(nèi)涵、目標(biāo)、特性、原則等方面構(gòu)建高校戶外運動風(fēng)險管理的理論體系;對風(fēng)險源、風(fēng)險因素識別歸納,并分類闡述;對風(fēng)險因素進行帕累托分析排序,以層次分析、列表排序和風(fēng)險矩陣評估的結(jié)果作為驗證和補充,完成風(fēng)險評估;以風(fēng)險應(yīng)對基本策略為指導(dǎo),闡述高校應(yīng)對戶外運動風(fēng)險的基本措施;依據(jù)量化結(jié)果,從框架、要素、功能等維度探討高校戶外運動風(fēng)險防控體系的構(gòu)建問題。研究認(rèn)為:(1)高校戶外運動風(fēng)險管理,是針對高校戶外運動發(fā)生人身損害和不利后果程度的不確定性實施識別、評估和應(yīng)對,以最小成本盡力降低風(fēng)險發(fā)生概率和減少損失的動態(tài)過程;具有力求規(guī)避人身安全風(fēng)險、目標(biāo)多元化、貫穿全過程、堅持系統(tǒng)觀點和存在內(nèi)在規(guī)律等特征;應(yīng)遵循全面周詳、預(yù)防為主、量力而行、及時反饋、彈性調(diào)整、成本效益對比、整分合等原則。(2)高校戶外運動風(fēng)險因素包括人、物、環(huán)境及其他等4大類16小類173條。學(xué)生、器材裝備、氣象條件分別為前三大類的關(guān)鍵因素。150個案例中,由人員、環(huán)境、物質(zhì)直接引發(fā)的事故分別占59.33%、25.33%、14.00%。(3)學(xué)生、教師、氣象條件、社團負(fù)責(zé)人是高校戶外運動的主要風(fēng)險源,各類風(fēng)險源主要因素條目數(shù)分別為8、7、2、5條,次要因素2、3、1、2條。(4)高校戶外運動可采取回避、承擔(dān)、轉(zhuǎn)移和減緩等四種風(fēng)險應(yīng)對策略,分別適用于發(fā)生可能性大且后果嚴(yán)重、后果損失小頻率低或頻率高損失較小、后果非常嚴(yán)重且損失巨大、必須面對的等各類風(fēng)險。(5)高校戶外運動風(fēng)險防控體系由五個系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成,識別評估系統(tǒng)依靠定性定量分析實現(xiàn)辨識分類;事前預(yù)防系統(tǒng)通過回避(10類風(fēng)險)和預(yù)防(53類風(fēng)險)實現(xiàn)防患于未然;現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)依靠四級聯(lián)動立體監(jiān)控模式實現(xiàn)監(jiān)督、預(yù)警和控制(47類風(fēng)險);事后減損系統(tǒng)通過應(yīng)急救援減輕傷害和損失;責(zé)任轉(zhuǎn)移系統(tǒng)通過保險、免責(zé)協(xié)議或打包銷售等向第三方轉(zhuǎn)移損失。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, outdoor sports have been popularized rapidly in colleges and universities, but the related risk factors are complex and special, their safety problems have not been fully understood, the development of students, the cultivation of talents and the reputation of schools have been threatened.The academic circle should give due attention.Under the guidance of the three principles of "combination of theoretical construction and empirical research, investigation and theoretical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative demonstration", this paper examines the risk and management of outdoor sports in colleges and universities, in order to try to build a relevant theoretical system.Explore the general paradigm and prevention and control model.The study follows the following ideas: from the connotation, objectives, characteristics, principles and other aspects of outdoor sports risk management in colleges and universities theoretical system; risk sources, risk factors identification, induction and classification; Pareto analysis and ranking of risk factors,Taking the results of hierarchical analysis, list ranking and risk matrix evaluation as the verification and supplement, completing the risk assessment, taking the basic risk coping strategies as the guidance, expounding the basic measures to deal with outdoor sports risk in colleges and universities, according to the quantitative results, from the framework,This paper discusses the construction of risk prevention and control system of outdoor sports in colleges and universities from the aspects of factors and functions.The study holds that the risk management of outdoor sports in colleges and universities is to identify, evaluate and deal with the uncertainty of the degree of personal injury and adverse consequences caused by outdoor sports in colleges and universities.The dynamic process of reducing the probability of risk and reducing loss with minimum cost has the characteristics of trying to avoid personal safety risk, diversifying the goal, running through the whole process, insisting on the system view and the inherent law, etc.Prevention, timely feedback, flexibility adjustment, cost-benefit comparison, integration, etc.) the risk factors of outdoor sports in colleges and universities include people, objects, environment and other 4 categories, 16, 17, 173.Students, equipment and meteorological conditions are the key factors in the first three categories respectively. In 150 cases, accidents directly caused by personnel, environment and materials account for 59.33% 25.33% and 14.00% respectively) students, teachers, and meteorological conditions.Community leaders are the main risk sources of outdoor sports in colleges and universities. The number of main factors of each kind of risk sources is 8 / 7 / 22 / 5 and 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 of secondary factors respectively.) Outdoor sports in colleges and universities can adopt four kinds of risk coping strategies: avoidance, commitment, transfer and mitigation, etc.It is suitable for the risk prevention and control system of outdoor sports in colleges and universities, which has great possibility and serious consequences, small frequency loss, low frequency loss, high frequency loss, very serious consequence and huge loss. The risk prevention and control system of outdoor sports in colleges and universities is composed of five systems, such as the risk prevention and control system of outdoor sports in colleges and universities.The identification and evaluation system relies on qualitative and quantitative analysis to realize identification and classification; the prior prevention system realizes the prevention of trouble by avoiding 10 kinds of risks) and the prevention of 53 kinds of risks; the field monitoring system relies on the four-level linkage stereoscopic monitoring mode to realize supervision.Early warning and control of 47 types of risks; ex post derogation systems to mitigate injuries and losses through emergency rescue; liability transfer systems to transfer losses to third parties through insurance, exemption agreements or package sales.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G895
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本文編號：1761336