本文選題：中國制造業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)型升級　出處：《對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)過改革開放后三十多年的發(fā)展,中國利用自身勞動力資源比較優(yōu)勢,深入融入國際分工體系,迅速發(fā)展成為“世界工廠”。但這種以勞動力資源優(yōu)勢參與全球價(jià)值鏈而形成的低附加值制造業(yè),隨著國內(nèi)勞動力成本的快速上升,生態(tài)壞境日益惡化,競爭優(yōu)勢將逐步喪失,面臨著轉(zhuǎn)型升級的要求。在此背景下,本文首先分析了國際貿(mào)易和投資對我國制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的影響渠道和機(jī)制。研究認(rèn)為:無論通過哪種渠道和機(jī)制,進(jìn)、出口貿(mào)易,吸引FDI和OFDI都是通過影響我國制造業(yè)的技術(shù)積累、技術(shù)進(jìn)步及要素稟賦結(jié)構(gòu)變化來實(shí)現(xiàn)我國比較優(yōu)勢的動態(tài)變化和轉(zhuǎn)型升級。其次,通過數(shù)理推導(dǎo)的方式,建立三個(gè)國家、兩個(gè)部門模型,分析了中國政府和企業(yè)面臨的兩難處境、轉(zhuǎn)型升級成功的條件,并研究了學(xué)習(xí)效率、技術(shù)進(jìn)步和要素稟賦積累以及我國政府和企業(yè)所做決策對經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的影響。在分析過程中,還從數(shù)理分析上說明了中國可能陷入“中等收入陷阱”的情況,從而提出避免“中等收入陷阱”和實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的政策建議。再次,本文對C-H模型進(jìn)行修正,用修正后的C-H模型實(shí)證分析了三國兩部門模型推導(dǎo)的合理性,并弄清學(xué)習(xí)吸收能力、國際貿(mào)易、吸引FDI和OFDI對我國制造業(yè)高、低技術(shù)部門全要素生產(chǎn)率提高的不同影響及其“門檻效應(yīng)”。此外,本文對日本制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)做了分析,并從全球價(jià)值鏈角度提煉了華為公司轉(zhuǎn)型升級的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這些案例研究得到的啟示對中國政府如何制定轉(zhuǎn)型升級的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策,以及中國企業(yè)如何在全球價(jià)值鏈下實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型升級具有重要的借鑒意義。最后,本文根據(jù)上述研究結(jié)果,從貿(mào)易和投資、政府和企業(yè)等角度提出中國制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的政策建議:盤活存量科技資源,實(shí)現(xiàn)要素稟賦的重新配置;提高人力資本和技術(shù)資本增量,實(shí)現(xiàn)比較優(yōu)勢動態(tài)變化;凝聚改革共識,抓住轉(zhuǎn)型升級“窗口期”;制定適宜的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策,加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的前瞻性、確保政策得以實(shí)施;加大開放力度,鼓勵新興制造業(yè)發(fā)展;整合全球資源,技術(shù)與管理升級并重。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China has made use of its comparative advantage in labor resources and deeply integrated into the international division of labor system. But with the rapid rise of domestic labor costs and the worsening of the ecological environment, the competitive advantage will be gradually lost. In this context, this paper first analyzes the influence channels and mechanisms of international trade and investment on the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. The attraction of FDI and OFDI is to realize the dynamic change and transformation of China's comparative advantage by influencing the technological accumulation, technological progress and factor endowment structure change of China's manufacturing industry. Secondly, through mathematical derivation, three countries are established. The two sectoral models analyze the dilemma faced by the Chinese government and enterprises, the conditions for successful transformation and upgrading, and study the learning efficiency. Technological progress and accumulation of factor endowments, and the impact of the decisions made by the Chinese government and enterprises on the economic transformation and upgrading. In the course of the analysis, it is also shown that China may fall into a "middle-income trap" through mathematical analysis. Therefore, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to avoid the "middle income trap" and realize the transformation and upgrading. Thirdly, this paper modifies the C-H model, and empirically analyzes the rationality of the derivation of the two-sector model in the three countries by using the modified C-H model. It also makes clear the different effects of learning absorptive capacity, international trade, attracting FDI and OFDI on the increase of total factor productivity in high and low technology sectors of our country and the "threshold effect". This paper analyzes the experience and lessons of Japanese manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading, and refines Huawei's experience from the perspective of global value chain. And how to realize the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises under the global value chain is of great significance. Finally, according to the above research results, this paper starts from the trade and investment. The government and enterprises put forward some policy suggestions on the transformation and upgrading of Chinese manufacturing industry, such as activating the scientific and technological resources in stock, reallocating the factor endowment, increasing the increment of human capital and technological capital, and realizing the dynamic change of comparative advantage. Building consensus on reform, seizing the "window period" of transformation and upgrading; formulating appropriate industrial policies, strengthening the foresight of industrial policies and ensuring that policies are implemented; intensifying opening up efforts to encourage the development of emerging manufacturing industries; and integrating global resources, Technology and management upgrades are equally important.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F424;F752

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