本文選題：供應(yīng)鏈管理　切入點：隨機供需　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在競爭激烈的消費類電子產(chǎn)品制造業(yè)中,產(chǎn)品生命周期縮短、行業(yè)利潤不斷下降、需求有較大隨機性、上游供應(yīng)風(fēng)險也愈加突出,裝配商的存亡與成敗取決于其是否能及時推出新產(chǎn)品以響應(yīng)市場變化并盡可能匹配供應(yīng)與需求。因此,裝配商的訂購與定價決策對于其生存與發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用。消費類電子產(chǎn)品由成百上千種零部件組成,具有一定時尚性的新產(chǎn)品中必有新的定制零部件,此類定制件過期不可用,并且此類定制件的工藝設(shè)計往往也較為獨特,生產(chǎn)難度極高,供應(yīng)量往往存在隨機性。而由于新產(chǎn)品的市場需求亦具有不確定性,這些定制零部件很容易出現(xiàn)呆滯庫存或缺貨的情況。因此,電子產(chǎn)品裝配商往往處于零部件供應(yīng)與產(chǎn)品需求均隨機的復(fù)雜環(huán)境中。在這種背景下,研究隨機供需下裝配商的訂購與定價決策優(yōu)化模型對于盡可能實現(xiàn)供需平衡、提升企業(yè)的競爭力具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文考慮一個生產(chǎn)創(chuàng)新型消費電子產(chǎn)品的裝配商,針對其供應(yīng)與需求均存在隨機性的特點,以最大化裝配商的期望利潤為目標(biāo),建立關(guān)于零部件訂購與最終產(chǎn)品定價的非線性隨機規(guī)劃模型,對最優(yōu)零部件訂購策略與最終產(chǎn)品定價進(jìn)行分析與求解。本文的主要研究工作如下：(1)建立隨機供需下裝配商的訂購決策模型。首先研究僅包含兩個零部件的簡單系統(tǒng),刻畫最優(yōu)的訂購策略并分析隨機供應(yīng)的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上,將模型擴(kuò)展到n個零部件以及組裝決策,根據(jù)問題特性對問題進(jìn)行分解處理,系統(tǒng)性地給出了一般裝配系統(tǒng)中的最優(yōu)訂購策略與組裝策略。(2)建立裝配商的零部件訂購-最終產(chǎn)品定價聯(lián)合決策模型。考慮價格依賴的需求與隨機供應(yīng),在訂購決策模型的基礎(chǔ)上針對確定需求與隨機需求兩種情況分別建立模型。根據(jù)問題特性將以+l維的模型進(jìn)行分解和降維,得出二維的訂購-定價決策優(yōu)化模型,然后固定一維而求解另一維的尋優(yōu)路徑來求解全局最優(yōu)解。(3)設(shè)計相應(yīng)的數(shù)值實驗,重點考察隨機供應(yīng)與需求對最優(yōu)訂購-定價的影響。聚焦于隨機供應(yīng),將產(chǎn)能均值的增大解釋為供應(yīng)商投資新的生產(chǎn)線或者是承諾加班加點、將產(chǎn)能方差降低解釋為供應(yīng)商加強對生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的預(yù)防性維護(hù)或加強對工人的培訓(xùn)教育以減少操作失誤等、將產(chǎn)能均值與方差同時增大解釋為供應(yīng)商將業(yè)務(wù)外包給多個二級供應(yīng)商,聯(lián)系實際做出合理的解釋并給管理者提供建議與啟示。最后,以某手機廠商為例,抽象現(xiàn)實問題,對比本文模型方法與當(dāng)前方法的優(yōu)劣與適用性。本研究對隨機供需條件下的訂購與定價這一難題進(jìn)行了有益的探索,所建立的模型與所運用的求解方法有利于深化不確定環(huán)境下運營管理的相關(guān)理論研究,所得的最優(yōu)決策結(jié)論以及相關(guān)分析將對消費類電子產(chǎn)品以及具有短生命周期的其它產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)商有較高的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Consumer electronics products in the fierce competition in the manufacturing industry, shortened product life cycle, industry profits continue to decline, demand has great randomness, the risk of upstream supply has become increasingly prominent, and the survival depends on whether it can assemblers timely introduction of new products in response to changes in the market supply and demand, and as far as possible. Therefore, order and pricing decision taking assembly plays a crucial role in the survival and development of consumer electronic products. By hundreds of parts, the new product has a certain fashion in there will be new custom parts, such customized expired is not available, and the process design of customized parts often are relatively unique. The production is very difficult, supply often are random. Due to the market demand for new products has uncertainty, these custom parts are prone to sluggish stock or out of stock The electronic product assembly. Therefore, operators often in parts supply and product demand are random in the complex environment. In this context, the research of Stochastic Supply and demand assembly's order and pricing decision model to achieve the balance of supply and demand as much as possible, has the important practical significance to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. This paper considers an assembler production of innovative consumer electronic products, for the supply and demand are the characteristics of randomness, the maximum assembly's expected profit as the goal, to establish a parts ordering non linear stochastic programming model and final product pricing, the optimal ordering strategy of parts and final products pricing are analyzed and solved. The main research work this paper is as follows: (1) ordering decision model of supply and demand. Taking random assembly simple system firstly only contains two parts, characterize the optimal 鐨勮璐瓥鐣ュ茍鍒嗘瀽闅忔満渚涘簲鐨勫獎鍝，

本文編號：1572624