本文關(guān)鍵詞：模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)升級(jí)研究　出處：《上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：二十世紀(jì)七八十年代,國(guó)際制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域正經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)深刻的結(jié)構(gòu)性變革。以電子、通信、計(jì)算機(jī)等為代表的信息技術(shù)不斷創(chuàng)新與飛速發(fā)展,促使模塊化技術(shù)逐漸取代流水線技術(shù)成為新的主導(dǎo)技術(shù)。模塊化設(shè)計(jì)的思想和生產(chǎn)方式被廣泛應(yīng)用于企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理、產(chǎn)業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)等方面,從根本上動(dòng)搖了傳統(tǒng)層級(jí)制組織存在的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。在西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的主要制造業(yè)中,產(chǎn)業(yè)組織的模塊化和地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)專業(yè)化成為未來(lái)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的新趨勢(shì)。國(guó)際制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域開(kāi)始興起了一種新型產(chǎn)業(yè)組織模式——模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò),它的形成加速了國(guó)際制造業(yè)分工格局的變動(dòng)與調(diào)整,同時(shí)帶動(dòng)了一大批新興工業(yè)化國(guó)家和地區(qū)及發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。發(fā)展中國(guó)家僅僅通過(guò)組裝加工以及生產(chǎn)低知識(shí)密集度的模塊就可以嵌入復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品的全球生產(chǎn)鏈條。然而,這并不意味著發(fā)展中國(guó)家只要融入模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)就必然實(shí)現(xiàn)本土制造業(yè)從附加值低、技術(shù)能力弱的低端環(huán)節(jié)向附加值高、技術(shù)能力強(qiáng)的高端環(huán)節(jié)的自動(dòng)升級(jí)。眾所周知,制造業(yè)是一個(gè)工業(yè)化國(guó)家重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。2008年美國(guó)次貸危機(jī)所引發(fā)的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),還進(jìn)一步使許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家(后工業(yè)化國(guó)家)重新認(rèn)識(shí)了制造業(yè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要性,并制定了一系列“再工業(yè)化”的國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略,旨在提高本國(guó)制造業(yè)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。2011年6月,美國(guó)政府推出了“先進(jìn)制造業(yè)伙伴關(guān)系”計(jì)劃,以期重新奪回全球制造業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位;2013年4月,德國(guó)政府啟動(dòng)了“工業(yè)4.0”戰(zhàn)略,鞏固自身的制造業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；2015年5月,中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院也對(duì)外頒布了《中國(guó)制造2025》,被譽(yù)為中國(guó)版的“工業(yè)4.0”,以推進(jìn)中國(guó)制造業(yè)的變革和綜合實(shí)力的提升。雖然現(xiàn)階段中國(guó)制造業(yè)在生產(chǎn)規(guī)模和總量上位居世界第一,但是大而不強(qiáng),面臨著資源環(huán)境壓力和勞動(dòng)力成本快速上漲的不利條件。而中國(guó)政府提出了中國(guó)“制造強(qiáng)國(guó)”建設(shè)三個(gè)十年的“三步走”戰(zhàn)略,核心是加快推進(jìn)我國(guó)制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),提質(zhì)增效,實(shí)現(xiàn)從制造大國(guó)向制造強(qiáng)國(guó)的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此,如何推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、促進(jìn)制造業(yè)升級(jí)問(wèn)題將成為我國(guó)政府和學(xué)者亟待解決的重大課題之一�，F(xiàn)階段,學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)升級(jí)影響相關(guān)問(wèn)題的研究結(jié)論與看法莫衷一是。模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的形成是否會(huì)對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)升級(jí)產(chǎn)生影響?如果會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響,是促進(jìn)還是阻礙升級(jí)?抑或是兩者兼而有之?模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)背景下制造業(yè)升級(jí)的作用機(jī)理是什么?模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)的嵌入程度與升級(jí)現(xiàn)狀如何?如何實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)?zāi)K化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)升級(jí)的影響因素及作用程度?模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)可以采取哪些有效的升級(jí)路徑?以上這些問(wèn)題正是本文需要解答的核心問(wèn)題。本文共分為七章,其結(jié)構(gòu)安排如下：第一章為導(dǎo)論。簡(jiǎn)要介紹問(wèn)題的提出、研究目的及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,明確界定了模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、制造業(yè)升級(jí)等核心概念,以及模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下制造業(yè)升級(jí)的適用范圍,最后提出了研究方法、內(nèi)容安排和技術(shù)路線及可能存在的創(chuàng)新之處。第二章為模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下制造業(yè)升級(jí)的文獻(xiàn)綜述。本章系統(tǒng)梳理了國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、發(fā)展中國(guó)家的制造業(yè)升級(jí)、模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)升級(jí)影響的研究成果,進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)述,發(fā)現(xiàn)以往研究中的不足之處。第三章是模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)升級(jí)的理論研究。本章首先構(gòu)建了一個(gè)模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下發(fā)展中國(guó)家制造業(yè)升級(jí)機(jī)理的一般性分析框架,解釋模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的四大基本構(gòu)成要素如何轉(zhuǎn)化為影響制造業(yè)升級(jí)的動(dòng)力,然后重點(diǎn)從理論層面對(duì)分工深化機(jī)制、創(chuàng)新運(yùn)行機(jī)制、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制與社會(huì)資本運(yùn)行機(jī)制四種制造業(yè)升級(jí)機(jī)制進(jìn)行了全面系統(tǒng)地闡述。第四章是模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)升級(jí)的案例研究。本章先從總體上對(duì)模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)的升級(jí)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行研究,分別測(cè)度了2005-2013年度中國(guó)制造業(yè)在全球生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的嵌入程度、制造產(chǎn)業(yè)的模塊化水平、網(wǎng)絡(luò)嵌入程度與制造產(chǎn)業(yè)模塊化水平兩者之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系。接著,本章選取中國(guó)手機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)為典型模塊化制造產(chǎn)業(yè)的代表,分析模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)手機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)的升級(jí)現(xiàn)狀。第五章是對(duì)模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)升級(jí)影響因素的實(shí)證研究。首先,提出模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下制造業(yè)升級(jí)的影響因素模型,然后通過(guò)問(wèn)卷設(shè)計(jì),進(jìn)行相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)收集,建立結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)?zāi)K化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下分工深化程度、創(chuàng)新運(yùn)行水平、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)和社會(huì)資本積累對(duì)中國(guó)制造業(yè)升級(jí)的實(shí)際影響程度。最后,考慮到不同行業(yè)的模塊化發(fā)展程度各不相同,本章還考察了受調(diào)研者所在企業(yè)的模塊化水平對(duì)于制造業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)績(jī)效的調(diào)節(jié)作用。第六章研究模塊化生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)下中國(guó)制造業(yè)的升級(jí)路徑。在前述理論研究、案例研究與實(shí)證分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文從嵌入時(shí)機(jī)、嵌入角色和嵌入模式的角度為中國(guó)本土制造業(yè)提出有效的升級(jí)路徑選擇。第七章是總結(jié)與展望。本章總結(jié)全文的主要觀點(diǎn)及研究結(jié)論,并從企業(yè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)和政府三個(gè)層而提出了相關(guān)建議與啟示。最后指出本研究的不足之處及未來(lái)的研究方向。
[Abstract]:In twentieth Century 70s and 80s, the international manufacturing industry is undergoing a profound structural change. In electronics, communication, computer and information technology represented by continuous innovation and development, promote the modular technology gradually replace pipeline technique becomes the dominant technique. The idea of modular design and production has been widely used in enterprise management, industrial organization structure, fundamentally shaken the foundation of the traditional hierarchy organization technology. In the main manufacturing industry in western developed countries and regions, the modular production industry specialization has become a new trend of the future development of the industry in a period of time. The international field of manufacturing industry began to rise a new industrial organization mode: modular production network, the formation of accelerated change and adjustment of the international division of labor in the manufacturing industry. It also led to a large number of new The rapid development of the industrialized countries and regions and the manufacturing industry in developing countries. Developing countries can the global production chain embedded in complex products only through the assembly processing and production of low degree of knowledge intensive modules. However, this does not mean that as long as the developing countries into the modular production network will realize the local manufacturing industry from the low added value, low link technology ability is weak to the high added value, automatic upgrade to high-end part of technical ability. As everyone knows, the manufacturing industry is caused by.2008 is the economic foundation of an industrialized country subprime mortgage crisis of the global economic crisis, also make many developed countries (industrialized countries) to re recognize the importance of the manufacturing industry to sustainable economic development. And to develop a series of "re industrialization" of the national strategy to improve the international competitiveness of domestic manufacturing industry.2011 In June, the U.S. government has launched the "partnership" advanced manufacturing plan, in order to regain the leading position in the global manufacturing industry; in April 2013, the German government launched the "4 industry" strategy, strengthen the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry itself; in May 2015, the State Council promulgated the Chinese to Chinese < 2025> manufacturing, known as Chinese version of the "4 industry", in order to promote the Chinese manufacturing industry transformation and enhance the overall strength. Although at present Chinese manufacturing industry in the production scale and the total in the world, but the big but not strong, facing the adverse conditions and pressure on resources and the environment and the rapid rise in labor costs. China government put forward China "manufacturing power construction of three to ten years of" three step "strategy, the core is to accelerate the development of China's manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading, quality and efficiency, realize the transformation from a big manufacturing country to a powerful country. Therefore, how to To promote economic restructuring, promote the upgrading of the manufacturing industry will become one of the major issues of our government and scholars to be solved. At present, the academic circles to upgrade the impact view and conclusion issues related to the study of manufacturing industry in developing countries unable to agree on which is right of the modular production network. Whether the formation of modular production network will affect the manufacturing upgrading of developing countries? If the impact is, promote or hinder the upgrade? Or both? What is the mechanism of the modular production network under the background of the upgrading of the manufacturing industry? How to embed and upgrade the status of China modular manufacturing network under the influence of Chinese? Manufacturing test of the modular production network upgrading how empirical factors and their effects the degree of modular manufacturing? China network can take what kind of effective upgrade path? These questions are This core issue to answer. This paper is divided into seven chapters as follows: the first chapter is introduction. The brief introduction of the problem, research purpose and significance, define the modular production network, the core concept of manufacturing industry upgrade, upgrade the manufacturing industry and the scope of the modular production network. Finally, puts forward the research methods, contents and technical route and possible innovation. The second chapter is literature review and upgrade manufacturing modular production network. This chapter then reviews the modular production network, the upgrading of manufacturing industry in developing countries, research results of the modular production network manufacturing industry upgrading impact on developing countries the brief review, found deficiencies in previous studies. The third chapter is the research of modular production network manufacturing upgrading of developing countries theory in this chapter. We construct a general analysis framework of modular production network manufacturing upgrading of developing countries mechanism, explain how the modular production network of the four basic elements into power to upgrade the impact of the manufacturing industry, and then focus on the theoretical level of division deepening mechanism, innovation mechanism, market competition mechanism and social capital operation the mechanism of four kinds of manufacturing upgrading mechanism systematically in this paper. The fourth chapter is the case study of Chinese manufacturing modular production network upgrade. Research status of this chapter from the overall upgrading of manufacturing industry in the modular production network, which measures the China manufacturing 2005-2013 embedded in the world the modular production network, the level of manufacturing industry, the relationship between network embeddedness and industrial modularity level of both. Then, this chapter selected China mobile phone industry as the representative of the typical modular manufacturing industry, analysis of status quo of the mobile phone industry upgrade China modular production network. The fifth chapter is the empirical research on the influencing factors of the China manufacturing industry to upgrade the modular production network. First, put forward the modular production network system under the influence of manufacturing upgrading factor model, and then through the questionnaire design of data collection, the establishment of inspection of the modular production network structural equation model demonstration on the deepening division of labor, innovation operation level, market competition status and social capital accumulation on the actual impact of China manufacturing upgrading. Finally, considering the modular development degree of different industries is different, this chapter also discussed the module the level of respondents in the enterprise to regulate the performance upgrading of manufacturing industry. Chinese manufacturing chapter of the modular production network under Sixth Upgrade path. In the theoretical research, case studies and empirical analysis based on the embedding time, embedded role and embedded mode angle for Chinese local manufacturing paper upgrade path effectively. The seventh chapter is the summary and outlook. This chapter summarizes the main viewpoints and conclusions of the study, and from the enterprise. Industry and government three layer and put forward relevant suggestions and enlightenments. Finally points out the research direction of the shortcomings of this study and the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F424
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本文編號(hào)：1394704