農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理與實(shí)證研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理與實(shí)證研究 出處:《重慶大學(xué)》2016年博士論文 論文類(lèi)型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn) 家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值 資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值 金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化
【摘要】:現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)是信用經(jīng)濟(jì),資產(chǎn)資本化是現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的典型特征。作為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)核心的農(nóng)村金融如何把農(nóng)村農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值有效轉(zhuǎn)化為金融價(jià)值是解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題,振興農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)鍵。論文是關(guān)于農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)的金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理與實(shí)證研究。論文在信息不對(duì)稱、資產(chǎn)資本化、金融發(fā)展等理論的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的概念框架,并對(duì)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)的金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用定性分析和定量分析相結(jié)合的研究方法,深入研究了當(dāng)前農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)的金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分的表現(xiàn)形式、生成原因和不良影響,以此為依據(jù)提出了促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)的金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的政策建議。(1)研究的主要內(nèi)容1)構(gòu)建了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值與金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的理論框架。厘清了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的概念、需要投入的要素、依賴的外在環(huán)境、農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的機(jī)理,為后文的分析提供理論基礎(chǔ)。2)研究了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化狀況現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題。在農(nóng)戶實(shí)地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,采用描述性分析方法和計(jì)量分析方法分析了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值狀況、農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)狀以及農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分的具體表現(xiàn)。3)研究了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分的原因。首先采用定性分析方法從政府、法律、市場(chǎng)、金融、農(nóng)戶五方面對(duì)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分的原因進(jìn)行了分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上,借用Probit模型從微觀農(nóng)戶視角對(duì)影響農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)。4)研究了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分的影響。分別從理論分析、調(diào)查分析、計(jì)量分析三個(gè)層面就農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分對(duì)農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)、農(nóng)戶收入、農(nóng)戶消費(fèi)造成的影響進(jìn)行了論述。5)提出了加快農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制和政策框架。(2)研究的主要結(jié)論1)經(jīng)過(guò)改革開(kāi)放30多年的發(fā)展,我國(guó)廣大農(nóng)村區(qū)域已經(jīng)積聚了種類(lèi)繁多、規(guī)模巨大的各類(lèi)資產(chǎn),農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化潛力巨大。家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值決定著農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化,主要表現(xiàn)在:農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值是金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的前提和基礎(chǔ),農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值大小決定著金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)模,農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值構(gòu)成決定著金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化結(jié)構(gòu),農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值質(zhì)量決定著金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化效率。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),在1046戶樣本農(nóng)戶中,戶均資產(chǎn)價(jià)值高達(dá)35.36萬(wàn)元,并以土地、宅基地、房屋、金融資產(chǎn)等資產(chǎn)為主。以此樣本數(shù)推算,2013年,我國(guó)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值則高達(dá)51.63萬(wàn)億元。規(guī)模巨大的資產(chǎn)價(jià)值不僅證明了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化潛力巨大,同時(shí)也為資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。2)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化得到一定進(jìn)展但總體轉(zhuǎn)化不足。在中央政府和地方政府的聯(lián)合推動(dòng)下,農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化已取得一定進(jìn)展。但當(dāng)前仍然處于發(fā)展初期,尚存在許多不足,主要表現(xiàn)為:農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化只集中在少數(shù)幾個(gè)試點(diǎn)地區(qū),尚未大范圍展開(kāi);在眾多有資金需求農(nóng)戶中資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化的農(nóng)戶數(shù)量占比較低;實(shí)現(xiàn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的資產(chǎn)價(jià)值占比較低,資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值潛力開(kāi)發(fā)不足;實(shí)現(xiàn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)種類(lèi)分布極不平衡,資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡嚴(yán)重四個(gè)方面。計(jì)量分析結(jié)果顯示,大量高價(jià)值資產(chǎn)變量未能通過(guò)檢驗(yàn),也說(shuō)明了農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化并不具有普遍性和規(guī)律性特征。3)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分是由政府、法律、市場(chǎng)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、農(nóng)戶等多方面的原因引起的。政府方面主要包括引導(dǎo)作用不足、文件及細(xì)則不完善、確權(quán)頒證登記工作進(jìn)展緩慢、保障水平比較低;法律方面主要包括土地和宅基地的權(quán)能殘缺、法律禁止土地和宅基地抵押的規(guī)定,農(nóng)戶投資形成資產(chǎn)法律確認(rèn)不足;市場(chǎng)方面主要包括農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)抵押配套服務(wù)不完善、農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融生態(tài)環(huán)境比較差、農(nóng)村資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化氛圍未形成;金融機(jī)構(gòu)方面主要包括農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)在農(nóng)村的資金投放力度小、農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)抵押貸款模式創(chuàng)新力度弱、農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)比較落后。計(jì)量分析結(jié)果顯示,農(nóng)戶自身資產(chǎn)價(jià)值大小、資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)清晰度、戶主年齡、非農(nóng)創(chuàng)業(yè)收入、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)組織形式、勞動(dòng)人口數(shù)量是影響農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值能否通過(guò)正規(guī)借貸渠道實(shí)現(xiàn)向金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的重要因素,流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)價(jià)值、戶主年齡、非農(nóng)創(chuàng)業(yè)收入、務(wù)工收入、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)組織形式、社會(huì)資本是影響農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值能否通過(guò)非正規(guī)借貸渠道實(shí)現(xiàn)向金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的重要因素。4)家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分對(duì)農(nóng)戶經(jīng)濟(jì)行為有顯著的負(fù)面影響。農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)層面,家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分對(duì)農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)行為發(fā)生、農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)組織形式、農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)規(guī)模具有抑制作用。農(nóng)戶收入層面,家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分對(duì)農(nóng)戶總收入增長(zhǎng)、農(nóng)戶收入結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化有負(fù)向影響。農(nóng)戶消費(fèi)層面,家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化不充分不利于農(nóng)戶家庭消費(fèi)總量增長(zhǎng)和消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。(3)研究的重要觀點(diǎn)1)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化問(wèn)題是發(fā)展中國(guó)家面臨的普遍難題,但又存在著中國(guó)國(guó)情的特殊性。作為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)核心的農(nóng)村金融如何把農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值有效轉(zhuǎn)化為金融價(jià)值是解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題,振興農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)鍵。農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化問(wèn)題既是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題,又是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題。2)農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化的核心是在維護(hù)各經(jīng)濟(jì)主體合法權(quán)益的基礎(chǔ)上,加快農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)的法律確認(rèn),明晰各類(lèi)資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán),提升農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)的資本價(jià)值。健全資產(chǎn)抵押和流轉(zhuǎn)制度,最大限度地解決農(nóng)村土地、宅基地等大量資產(chǎn)閑置問(wèn)題,盤(pán)活“沉睡”已久資產(chǎn)的抵押價(jià)值,通過(guò)資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)或使用權(quán)的暫時(shí)或長(zhǎng)期出讓幫助農(nóng)戶獲取生產(chǎn)生活所需資金,增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展的推動(dòng)力。3)隨著城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)村市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)深化發(fā)展,農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)價(jià)值不斷增大、資產(chǎn)閑置現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重制約著適度規(guī)模農(nóng)業(yè)和非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,加快農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化刻不容緩。農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化應(yīng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶家庭收益最大化、金融企業(yè)服務(wù)效益最大化、政府機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)效益最大化的有機(jī)協(xié)調(diào),最大限度增進(jìn)市場(chǎng)主體的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)福利,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展為目標(biāo)。4)加快農(nóng)戶家庭資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)化,關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)現(xiàn)有法律制度和農(nóng)村金融制度進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,充分發(fā)揮政府、金融企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶的主觀能動(dòng)性,實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀調(diào)控機(jī)制和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制的有機(jī)協(xié)調(diào)。(4)研究的政策建議1)以提高資產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)權(quán)清晰度為目標(biāo),加快農(nóng)村資產(chǎn)法律確認(rèn)。針對(duì)農(nóng)村資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)不明的狀況,除了加快推進(jìn)中央要求的農(nóng)村宅基地、房屋、土地確權(quán)工作外,還應(yīng)積極對(duì)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施、畜禽養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)設(shè)施等農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)中形成的各類(lèi)資產(chǎn)進(jìn)行法律確認(rèn)和保護(hù)。2)以增加農(nóng)村土地資本價(jià)值為目標(biāo),完善農(nóng)村土地承包制度。一方面適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)是未來(lái)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的主流方向,在剩余承包年限較短的地方應(yīng)適時(shí)開(kāi)展延包工作,防止農(nóng)業(yè)投資者因剩余土地承包年限過(guò)短減少甚至停止對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的投資;另一方面完善農(nóng)村土地承包權(quán)再分配制度,針對(duì)因戶口外遷、子女出嫁、家庭無(wú)子繼承等引起的土地分配不均、土地繼承權(quán)不明、土地荒廢嚴(yán)重等問(wèn)題,健全農(nóng)村土地承包權(quán)再分配制度。3)以開(kāi)發(fā)閑置資產(chǎn)金融價(jià)值為目標(biāo),健全固定資產(chǎn)流轉(zhuǎn)制度。首先,調(diào)整《物權(quán)法》、《擔(dān)保法》等法律中關(guān)于禁止農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)和宅基地使用權(quán)抵押的規(guī)定,取而代之的是對(duì)農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)和宅基地使用權(quán)抵押的程序、流轉(zhuǎn)對(duì)象等內(nèi)容作出具體規(guī)定;其次,進(jìn)一步提高農(nóng)村宅基地和房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)的法律效力,擴(kuò)大宅基地和房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)對(duì)象的范圍。4)以建立農(nóng)戶多元擔(dān)保模式為目標(biāo),不斷進(jìn)行擔(dān)保方式創(chuàng)新。鑒于農(nóng)戶資產(chǎn)種類(lèi)不斷增多的客觀事實(shí),金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該改變過(guò)去過(guò)度依賴少量固定資產(chǎn)的農(nóng)戶信貸模式,積極探索林地、果園、水面承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、合作組織股權(quán)、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械等生產(chǎn)設(shè)備、高效農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施、存貨、在產(chǎn)品、商標(biāo)等價(jià)值較大的各類(lèi)權(quán)利、動(dòng)產(chǎn)、無(wú)形資產(chǎn)的抵質(zhì)押貸款模式。5)以健全資產(chǎn)抵押配套機(jī)制為動(dòng)力,培育農(nóng)村資產(chǎn)流轉(zhuǎn)市場(chǎng)。在農(nóng)村地區(qū)加快建立農(nóng)村家庭資產(chǎn)價(jià)值評(píng)估中心、資產(chǎn)登記中心、資產(chǎn)流轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù)中心和資產(chǎn)收儲(chǔ)中心等資產(chǎn)抵押中介服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu),并逐步完善農(nóng)村家庭資產(chǎn)流轉(zhuǎn)制度和抵押權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)制度。
[Abstract]:The modern economy is the credit economy, and the asset capitalization is the typical characteristic of the modern market economy. As the core of the rural economy, how to transform the asset value of rural households into financial value is the key to solve the "three rural issues" and revitalize the rural economy. The paper is about the transformation mechanism and empirical research on the financial value of household assets of farmers. This paper constructed the transformation of family assets financial value concept framework based on asymmetric information, household assets, financial development theory, the related theory and the household financial asset value transformation are analyzed. On this basis, the use of research methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, in-depth study of the the forms, causes and adverse effects of the current household financial asset value transformation, put forward to promote the transformation of household financial assets based on the value of the policy proposals. (1) the main content of the study is 1) the theoretical framework of the transformation of household assets value and financial value is constructed. This paper clarifies the concept of financial value transformation of household assets, the elements needed to be invested, the external environment that it depends on, and the transformation mechanism of financial value of household assets, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the following analysis. 2) the status and problems of the transformation of household assets financial value are studied. On the basis of field survey data, descriptive analysis and econometric analysis method were applied to analyze the status of family assets value, the transformation of farmers' family assets and financial value, and the insufficient performance of farmers' family assets and financial value. 3) the reasons for inadequate transformation of financial value of household assets are studied. Firstly, by means of qualitative analysis from the government, legal, financial, market, farmers five aspects of household financial asset value transformation are not fully analyzed, on this basis, using the Probit model from the perspective of micro factors influencing the transformation of household financial asset value test. 4) the effect of inadequate transformation of financial value of household assets of farmers was studied. From the three levels of theoretical analysis, survey analysis and quantitative analysis, the impact of insufficient conversion of household assets and financial value on Farmers' entrepreneurship, household income and household consumption is discussed. 5) put forward a long-term mechanism and policy framework to speed up the transformation of the financial value of household assets. (2) the main conclusions of the study. 1) after 30 years of reform and opening up, various kinds of assets have been accumulated in the vast rural areas of China. Household assets value determines the household financial asset value transformation, mainly in: household assets value is the premise and basis of financial value conversion, the value of household assets decided financial value conversion scale, which determines the structure of household financial value transformation of asset value, the value of household assets quality determines the financial value of the conversion efficiency of farmers. The survey found that 1046 households in the sample households, the average value of the assets of up to 353 thousand and 600 yuan, and by land, land, housing, financial assets and other assets. According to the number of samples, the value of household assets of farmers in China is up to 51 trillion and 630 billion yuan in 2013. The huge asset value not only proves the huge potential of financial value transformation of household assets, but also lays a solid foundation for the transformation of assets and financial value. 2) the transformation of financial value of household assets of farmers and families has been a certain progress, but the overall transformation is insufficient. With the combination of the central government and the local government, the transformation of household assets financial value has made some progress. But the current is still in the early stages of development, there are still many deficiencies, mainly as follows: the household financial assets value transformation are concentrated in a few pilot areas, has not yet been widely spread in many financial assets; the value of financing needs of farmers to achieve transformation of the proportion of the number of farmers is low; the financial value conversion value of assets is relatively low the value of financial assets, the development potential of farmers is insufficient; the types of financial asset distribution value conversion is extremely uneven, serious imbalance asset structure in four aspects. Econometric analysis shows that a large number of high value asset variables failed to pass the test, which also showed that the transformation of financial value of household assets is not universal and regular. 3) the lack of financial value transformation of household assets is caused by many reasons, such as government, law, market, financial institutions and farmers. The government mainly includes the guiding role, lack of documents and rules are not perfect, right registration certification work progress is slow, the security level is low; legal aspects including land and homestead, land and incomplete power law prohibits provisions of homestead mortgage, farmers' investment asset law confirmation is insufficient; market mainly includes mortgage assets supporting farmers service is not perfect, rural financial ecological environment is relatively poor, rural financial assets value transformation has not formed the atmosphere; financial institutions including rural financial institutions in rural funds of small rural financial institutions, mortgage model innovation is weak, the rural financial institutions talent team construction is relatively backward. The result shows that the value of assets, asset size of peasant property definition, non-agricultural income, age of householder, entrepreneurial organization, production and operation of the labor population is the impact of household assets value can realize the important factor for the transformation to the financial value of lending through formal channels, liquidity value, age of householder, non-agricultural income, labor income, entrepreneurship production and operation of the organization form, the impact of social capital is the value of household assets
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:F323.8
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