本文關(guān)鍵詞：長(zhǎng)三角城市群形成與擴(kuò)展的效率研究　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 長(zhǎng)三角城市群 城市效率 城市群形成 城際交通網(wǎng)絡(luò) 效率溢出

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展。伴隨著工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,中國(guó)的城市規(guī)模也正在不斷擴(kuò)大,并出現(xiàn)了城市相互接壤的現(xiàn)象。在城際交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)快速發(fā)展的背景下,城市與城市之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)往來(lái)越來(lái)越甚,出現(xiàn)“抱團(tuán)發(fā)展”的重要形式與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。長(zhǎng)三角城市群是中國(guó)迄今為止最為成功的城市群,2014年長(zhǎng)三角城市群中的核心16城市僅僅用了全國(guó)1.1%的土地面積,卻創(chuàng)造了全國(guó)16.7%的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量。而在過(guò)去的十多年中,由于人口迅速增加、超大(特大)城市邊界快速擴(kuò)張以及中小城市的迅速崛起,長(zhǎng)三角城市群正在不斷地向前發(fā)展,成為世界級(jí)的超級(jí)城市群。通過(guò)對(duì)經(jīng)典的Thunen-Alonso"孤立島”城市模型、Henderson城市體系、Fujita-Ogawa非單中心城市模型以及Mori城市群模型的回顧,本文抽象出了地租、城市規(guī)模等影響因素,并在新經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)的框架下構(gòu)建了擴(kuò)展型城市群的理論模型。從土地利用效率、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)、人力資本效應(yīng)、城際交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應(yīng)以及空間溢出效應(yīng)等多個(gè)角度對(duì)城市效率提出了假說(shuō)：(1)城市土地利用效率、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)、人力資本效應(yīng)是促進(jìn)城市效率提高的主要因素；(2)加入城市群能夠提高城市的土地利用效率、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)、人力資本效應(yīng),從而促進(jìn)城市效率的提高；(3)城市交通運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)促進(jìn)城市群深化發(fā)展,從而能夠有效地促進(jìn)城市群內(nèi)城市效率的提升；(4)城市群擴(kuò)容促進(jìn)城市群廣化發(fā)展,新加入的城市能獲得中心城市(大城市)或者核心城市(原城市群中小城市)的溢出。但是如果城市群擴(kuò)容過(guò)度,那么這種獲得是以中心城市或者核心城市的損失為前提的。采用長(zhǎng)三角城市群37個(gè)城市1999-2013年期間的面板數(shù)據(jù),借助于面板固定效應(yīng)、雙重倍差、核密度估計(jì),分位數(shù)回歸、空間計(jì)量等現(xiàn)代計(jì)量方法,逐一驗(yàn)證了上述理論假說(shuō),得到如下六個(gè)主要研究結(jié)論：(1)土地利用效率、人力資本效應(yīng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)是影響城市效率的直接因素。加入長(zhǎng)三角城市群對(duì)城市效率有著顯著的正向影響,但這種影響主要是通過(guò)提高土地利用效率、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。(2)新的城市加入之后,長(zhǎng)三角城市群整體效率仍然是提高的。盡管長(zhǎng)三角城市群擴(kuò)容能夠縮小輻射城市的組內(nèi)差距,但無(wú)法縮小組間差距。(3)高速交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建設(shè)促進(jìn)了城市群一體化的程度,對(duì)城市群的效率有著顯著的直接和間接影響。滬寧高鐵和滬杭高鐵對(duì)沿線城市效率都有顯著正向的影響,并且這種影響是通過(guò)土地利用效率、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)以及人力資本效應(yīng)三個(gè)因素來(lái)傳導(dǎo)。京滬高鐵通過(guò)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)、寧杭高鐵通過(guò)人力資本效率來(lái)促進(jìn)城市效率。(4)隨著城際交通的發(fā)展,城際高速鐵路對(duì)城市的重要性正在隨著時(shí)間的推移而加強(qiáng),城市的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)層級(jí)也在不斷提升。(5)長(zhǎng)三角城市群擴(kuò)大后,作為一個(gè)整體而言,長(zhǎng)三角城市群的空間相互作用和溢出效應(yīng)都明顯加強(qiáng)。但這種溢出的好處是以犧牲原有的核心區(qū)成員的利益為代價(jià)的,而新加入的城市從中獲得了更多的好處。(6)在長(zhǎng)三角城市群擴(kuò)容前,南京對(duì)城市群中其他非中心城市有著顯著正向溢出,合肥則有著顯著的負(fù)向溢出；而在長(zhǎng)三角城市群擴(kuò)容后,上海對(duì)其他城市有著顯著正向溢出,其他三個(gè)副中心城市的溢出效應(yīng)都變得不明顯。副中心城市并沒(méi)有能夠成為區(qū)域的中心,長(zhǎng)三角城市群沒(méi)有能夠形成多層級(jí)的“核心—邊緣,,結(jié)構(gòu)。本文的研究主要得到如下啟示：第一,城市群的發(fā)展需要提高土地利用效率,促進(jìn)人力資本效應(yīng)和產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)的形成。第二,城市群發(fā)展需要平衡城市群中原有成員和新成員的所得,否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致效率損失。第三,城市群形成需要以市場(chǎng)為主導(dǎo)力量而非依靠政府規(guī)劃為主導(dǎo)。第四,城市群的擴(kuò)容需要有新的中心城市或核心城市,形成多層的空間結(jié)構(gòu)是理想的結(jié)構(gòu)。第五,城市群的發(fā)展需要構(gòu)建多層級(jí)的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò),尤其需要大力發(fā)展高速公路和高速鐵路。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid progress. With the development of the industrial economy, the scale of China's cities is also expanding, and the phenomenon of the city bordering with each other appears. Under the background of rapid development of intercity transportation network, there is more and more economic intercourse between cities and cities. The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is China's most successful urban group so far. In 2014, the core 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration only used 1.1% of the total land area of the country, but it created 16.7% of the total economic output of the whole country. In the past more than 10 years, due to the rapid population expansion, the rapid expansion of super large urban boundaries and the rapid rise of small and medium-sized cities, the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations are constantly developing and become world-class super urban agglomerations. The single center city model and review model of Mori city group for the classical Thunen-Alonso "isolated island" model city, Henderson City, Fujita-Ogawa system, this paper abstracts the influence factors of land rent, the scale of the city, and in the framework of the new economic geography has constructed the theoretical model of city group expansion. Put forward the hypothesis of efficiency from the city land utilization efficiency, industrial agglomeration effect, human capital effect, intercity transportation network effects and spatial spillover effects and other aspects: (1) the city land utilization efficiency, industrial agglomeration effect, the effect of human capital is the main factor to improve the efficiency of the city; (2) to join the city group to improve the city land utilization efficiency, industrial agglomeration effect, human capital effect, so as to promote the city to improve the efficiency; (3) the city transportation network to promote the further development of city group, which can effectively promote the city groups in the city to improve the efficiency; (4) city group to promote the expansion of city wide development of the new group. The city can obtain the center of the city (big city) or core city (small and medium-sized city group the original city) overflow. But if the urban agglomeration is overextended, the acquisition is based on the loss of the central city or the core city. Using the panel data of Yangtze River Delta city group of 37 city during 1999-2013, with the help of panel fixed effect, double fold difference, kernel density estimation, quantile regression, spatial econometrics and modern econometric methods, to verify the hypothesis above, the conclusions are as follows six main research: (1) the land use efficiency, the effect of human capital and the industrial agglomeration effect directly affects the efficiency of the city. Joining the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has a significant positive impact on urban efficiency, but this effect is mainly achieved by improving land use efficiency and industrial agglomeration effect. (2) after the new city is joined, the overall efficiency of the urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta is still improved. Although the expansion of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta can reduce the intra group gap in the radiation City, it can not narrow the gap between the groups. (3) the construction of high speed traffic network has promoted the integration of urban agglomeration, and has a significant direct and indirect effect on the efficiency of urban agglomeration. Shanghai Nanjing high speed rail and Shanghai Hangzhou high-speed railway have significant positive impact on the efficiency of the cities along the line, and this effect is transmitted through three factors: land use efficiency, industrial agglomeration effect and human capital effect. Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway through industrial agglomeration effect, NInghang high speed rail through human capital efficiency to promote the efficiency of the city. (4) with the development of intercity traffic, the importance of intercity high-speed railway to cities is strengthening with time, and the level of urban transportation network is also improving. (5) after the expansion of the urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta, as a whole, the spatial interaction and spillover effect of the urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta have been obviously strengthened. But the benefit of the spillover is at the expense of the interests of the members of the original core area, and the new cities have gained more benefits from it. (6) in the Yangtze River Delta city group before the expansion, Nanjing has a significant positive spillover to other non central city group, Hefei has a negative spillover effect; and in the Yangtze River Delta city group after the expansion, Shanghai has a significant positive spillover to other city, the spillover effects of the other three sub center of the city have become is not obvious. The sub central city has not been able to become the center of the region, and the urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta has not been able to form a multi-layer "core - edge, and structure". The main findings of this paper are as follows: first, the development of urban agglomeration needs to improve the efficiency of land use, and promote the formation of human capital effect and industrial agglomeration effect. Second, the development of urban agglomeration needs to balance the income of the members of the Central Plains and the new members of the urban agglomeration, otherwise it will lead to the loss of efficiency. Third, the formation of urban agglomeration needs to be dominated by the market as the dominant force and not by the government planning. Fourth, the expansion of the urban agglomeration needs a new central city or a core city, and the formation of a multi-layer spatial structure is an ideal structure. Fifth, the development of urban agglomeration needs to build a multi-layer traffic network, especially the development of highways and high-speed railway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F299.27
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本文編號(hào)：1339839