【摘要】：縞蠅科昆蟲營腐食性、菌食性,是重要的生態(tài)平衡維持者,因其對環(huán)境變化敏感,而備受關(guān)注。同脈縞蠅屬是雙翅目縞蠅科同脈縞蠅亞科最大的屬,全世界已知720多種,我國已知220余種。本篇論文首次較為系統(tǒng)的記述了秦嶺地區(qū)分鬃同脈縞蠅亞屬4個新種,同脈縞蠅亞屬20個新種、2個中國新紀(jì)錄種、12個陜西省新紀(jì)錄種,提出了 1個同物異名種;編寫了分亞屬、分種團(tuán)、分種檢索表,繪制了38種雄性外生殖器圖,對頭、胸、腹、翅等局部鑒別特征進(jìn)行了拍照;整理完成了中國同脈縞蠅亞科同脈縞蠅屬2個亞屬的名錄�；谛螒B(tài)特征數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行聚類分析,利用外群比較法,初步探討了 2亞屬間、10種團(tuán)間、38個種的關(guān)系。聚類分析結(jié)果表明,單突同脈縞蠅種團(tuán)的種以縱脈R4+5上的端斑和橫脈r-m之間有2個褐斑作為共有特征而聚為一支;河南同脈縞蠅種團(tuán)的種以縱脈R4+5上的端斑和橫脈r-m之間有1個褐斑為共有特征而聚為一群。分鬃同脈縞蠅亞屬3個種,即周至分鬃同脈縞蠅、延慶分鬃同脈縞蠅、膨大分鬃同脈縞蠅聚為一支,是以翅的縱脈上有褐色端斑和橫脈上有褐斑、腹稍前節(jié)環(huán)形為共有特征,而沙氏分鬃同脈縞蠅以腹稍前節(jié)半環(huán)形這個特征區(qū)別于上述3種,并未與上述3個種聚為一群�；�38種縞蠅的分布信息,對秦嶺地區(qū)同脈縞蠅屬2亞屬的區(qū)系組成進(jìn)行了初步分析,結(jié)果表明,分布在東洋區(qū)的有6種,占秦嶺地區(qū)種級階元的12.63%;分布在古北區(qū)的有9種,占秦嶺地區(qū)種級階元的23.68%;目前僅分布于秦嶺地區(qū)的有23種,占秦嶺地區(qū)種級階元的60.52%。所有研究標(biāo)本(包括模式標(biāo)本)保存在內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)昆蟲標(biāo)本館。
[Abstract]:Oncomyzidae is an important ecological balance maintainer because of its sensitivity to environmental changes. Chimera is the largest genus of the family Diptera, more than 720 species are known in the world and more than 220 species are known in China. In this paper, for the first time, 4 new species of the subgenus of coveolia in Qinling, 20 new species of symphysis, 2 new records of China and 12 new records of Shaanxi Province were systematically described, and one synonym was proposed. The index tables of subgenus, subspecies and species were compiled, 38 species of male genitalia were drawn up, and the local distinguishing features of head, chest, abdomen and wings were photographed, and the catalogue of 2 subgenera of the same chimera genus in China was completed. Based on morphological data, cluster analysis was carried out, and the relationships among 2 subgenera, 10 clusters and 38 species were preliminarily discussed by using the method of external group comparison. The results of cluster analysis showed that the two brown spots on the longitudinal vein R45 and the transverse vein r-m were the common characteristics of the monomorphic chimera fly species and clustered into one branch. One brown spot between the end spot and the transverse vein r-m on the longitudinal vein R45 is the common feature of the species in the same chimera flies of Henan province, and it is clustered into a group of the species in which there is a brown spot between the longitudinally vein R45 and the transverse vein r-m. Three species of the subgenus Hymenoptera, I. e., the chimera fly of the same stripe in the zigzag, and the chimera fly of the same vein in Yanqing. The expanded bristles and the same vein are clustered into one branch. The common feature is the brown end spot on the longitudinal vein and the brown spot on the transverse vein, and the anterior ventral ring is the common feature. But the chimera fly with the same vein and bristles is different from the three species in the semicircle of the ventral anterior ganglia, and does not form a group with the three species mentioned above. Based on the distribution information of 38 species of chimera flies, the floristic composition of 2 subgenera of the genus Ichophyllus in Qinling region was preliminarily analyzed. The results showed that there were 6 species distributed in the Oriental region, accounting for 12.63% of the order of species in the Qinling region. There are 9 species distributed in the paleo-north region, accounting for 23.68 species in Qinling region, and 23 species in Qinling area at present, accounting for 60.52% of the species rank in Qinling area. All the study specimens (including type specimens) are kept in the insect Herbarium of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q969

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本文編號：2395088