本文關(guān)鍵詞：地基雷達(dá)大氣改正方法及其應(yīng)用于滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地基合成孔徑雷達(dá) 滑坡 形變監(jiān)測(cè) 大氣改正 反距離加權(quán)

【摘要】：滑坡是我國(guó)頻發(fā)的一種自然災(zāi)害,它的產(chǎn)生一方面是受地震、火山、大陸板塊移動(dòng)、降雨等自然因素的影響,另一方面隨著城市化和全球化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展,人類對(duì)地質(zhì)環(huán)境的破壞日益加劇,人為因素誘發(fā)的滑坡增多且造成更大的損失和破壞�；聻�(zāi)害一旦發(fā)生,會(huì)給周邊區(qū)域人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)和國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)造成嚴(yán)重的損失,因此有必要對(duì)潛在的滑坡體的形變信息進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的監(jiān)測(cè),從而能夠采取相應(yīng)的預(yù)警預(yù)防措施�，F(xiàn)有的滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)在滑坡監(jiān)測(cè)中存在諸多不足,上世紀(jì)九十年代誕生的地基合成孔徑干涉雷達(dá)(簡(jiǎn)稱地基雷達(dá))技術(shù)能夠全天時(shí)、全天候、遠(yuǎn)距離、高精度地對(duì)大范圍的監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域?qū)嵤┻B續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè),已經(jīng)在滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)中展現(xiàn)出巨大的應(yīng)用前景和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,從而掀開了滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)新的篇章。開展地基雷達(dá)形變監(jiān)測(cè)研究,有助于推廣地基雷達(dá)滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)應(yīng)用,對(duì)于滑坡防災(zāi)減災(zāi)具有重要的意義。在理想觀測(cè)條件下,地基雷達(dá)形變監(jiān)測(cè)的精度很高;但在實(shí)際觀測(cè)中,地基雷達(dá)傳感器發(fā)射的電磁波信號(hào)受大氣效應(yīng)的影響會(huì)產(chǎn)生大氣相位誤差,降低了地基雷達(dá)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果的精度和可信性,因此有必要對(duì)地基雷達(dá)的監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行大氣改正,保證監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果的精度和可靠性。由于大氣環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,國(guó)際上還沒有統(tǒng)一的地基雷達(dá)大氣改正,各種大氣改正方法缺乏系統(tǒng)性的精度評(píng)定和普適性研究,鑒于此,本論文從歸納現(xiàn)有的地基雷達(dá)大氣改正方法入手,采用理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)大氣改正方法的精度和普適性展開較為系統(tǒng)的分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本論文針對(duì)距離函數(shù)擬合法存在的不足加以改進(jìn),提出了一種反距離大氣改正方法,采用模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)和磽磧水庫(kù)滑坡監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)該方法的精度和可行性進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。本論文的主要工作如下:(1)針對(duì)地基雷達(dá)各種大氣改正方法缺乏系統(tǒng)的精度對(duì)比和普適性分析的問(wèn)題,本論文比較系統(tǒng)地討論和分析了地雷雷達(dá)最常用的氣象數(shù)據(jù)改正法和距離函數(shù)擬合法在良好天氣條件和不良天氣條件下的精度和普適性。(2)針對(duì)距離函數(shù)擬合法存在未考慮方位向大氣效應(yīng)誤差和控制點(diǎn)難以選取的兩個(gè)不足,提出了一種改進(jìn)的基于反距離加權(quán)的大氣改正方法。詳細(xì)闡述了該方法的基本原理和大氣改正流程,并通過(guò)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí):該方法有較高的大氣改正精度和可行性。(3)本論文進(jìn)一步分析了提出的大氣改正方法在野外滑坡形變監(jiān)測(cè)應(yīng)用中精度和可行性。本論文用地基合成孔徑雷達(dá)對(duì)雅安磽磧水庫(kù)邊坡進(jìn)行連續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè),該區(qū)域地形梯度較大,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造被地震嚴(yán)重破壞,再加上常年受降雨和水庫(kù)水流沖刷,滑坡地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā)。采用本文提出的反距離加權(quán)方法對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行大氣改正,結(jié)合該區(qū)域地面GPS滑坡監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果做參照對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域的邊坡穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:該處邊坡有兩塊區(qū)域形變特征較為明顯,需要重點(diǎn)防范和加固,反距離加權(quán)大氣改正方法在野外滑坡監(jiān)測(cè)實(shí)際應(yīng)用中具有較高的精度和可行性。
[Abstract]:Landslide is one of China's natural disasters, on the one hand, it is affected by the earthquake, volcano, continental plate, rainfall and other natural factors, on the other hand, with the development of city and the process of globalization, the human destruction of the geological environment increasing, people more loss and damage factors landslides caused by increased and. Once landslide occurs, it will cause serious losses to the life and property of the surrounding area and the economic construction of the country. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the potential deformation information accurately and timely, so that we can take corresponding precautionary measures. The landslide deformation monitoring technology of the existing deficiencies in landslide monitoring, the foundation of synthetic aperture radar interferometry of the last century was born in 90s (the ground radar) technology can all day long and all-weather, long distance, high precision monitoring for a wide range of implementation of continuous monitoring, has shown great application prospects and economic value in the landslide deformation monitoring, which opened a new chapter in landslide deformation monitoring. The research of ground radar deformation monitoring is helpful to popularize the application of ground radar landslide deformation monitoring, which is of great significance for landslide prevention and reduction. In perfect observation conditions, deformation monitoring precision of ground radar is very high; but in the actual observations, the electromagnetic wave signal of ground radar sensor emission is influenced by the atmospheric effect can produce atmospheric phase errors, reduce the monitoring results of radar foundation accuracy and credibility, so it is necessary to monitor the results of atmospheric correction of ground-based radar. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results. Because of the complexity of the atmospheric environment, the international community has not yet unified ground radar atmospheric correction, various atmospheric correction methods lack of accuracy evaluation and general system of adaptability study, in view of this, this paper summarized from the existing ground-based radar atmospheric correction method of systematic analysis on applicability by using the method of combination of theory and experiment the atmospheric correction accuracy and P. On this basis, this thesis intends to lack the legal existence of the distance function is improved, the improvement method is proposed for inverse distance atmosphere, the accuracy and feasibility of simulation experiment and Qiaoqi reservoir landslide monitoring on the method of inspection. The main work of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the ground-based radar of various atmospheric correction methods lack of suitable analysis system and general accuracy comparison problems, this paper systematically discusses and analyzes the meteorological data of mine radar most commonly used correction and distance function fitting in good weather conditions and adverse weather conditions, the accuracy of and universal. (2) aiming at the two shortcomings of the distance function fitting method, which are not considering the error of azimuth atmospheric effect and the difficult selection of control points, an improved atmospheric correction method based on inverse distance weighting is proposed. The basic principle of the method and the atmospheric correction flow are described in detail. It is proved by the simulation experiment that the method has high accuracy and feasibility of atmospheric correction. (3) this paper further analyzes the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed atmospheric correction method in the application of the field landslide deformation monitoring. This paper using a ground-based synthetic aperture radar in Ya'an Qiaoqi reservoir slope for continuous monitoring, the terrain gradient is larger, the geological structure by the earthquake severely damaged, coupled with the perennial rainfall and reservoir water erosion, landslide geological disasters. The inverse distance weighted method proposed in this paper is used for atmospheric correction of monitoring data. Combined with the monitoring results of land GPS landslide in the area, the slope stability of monitoring area is analyzed. The experimental results show that there are two zones in the slope, and the deformation characteristics are obvious. We need to focus on prevention and reinforcement. The inverse distance weighted atmospheric correction method has high accuracy and feasibility in the practical application of the field landslide monitoring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P642.22;P225.1

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