本文關(guān)鍵詞：長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)不同下墊面陸—?dú)庀嗷プ饔玫膶?duì)比分析　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 長(zhǎng)三角 土地利用/覆蓋變化 微氣候?qū)W 陸-氣相互作用

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)位于我國(guó)典型東亞季風(fēng)區(qū),快速的城市化、工業(yè)化、農(nóng)田擴(kuò)張以及伐林造林等人類活動(dòng)使得該地區(qū)土地利用/覆蓋變化(LUCC)十分復(fù)雜。LUCC使得地表反照率、粗糙度以及波文比等陸面因子發(fā)生改變,這些變化通過影響地表-大氣間的能量和物質(zhì)通量,最終引起地表微氣候要素的變化。為了更清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)該地區(qū)陸-氣相互作用的機(jī)理,理解不同類型LUCC在長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)的氣候效應(yīng),本文利用南京周邊包括城區(qū)黨校站、城郊仙林站、郊區(qū)溧水農(nóng)田站和溧水草地站四站在內(nèi)的一組配對(duì)站資料,對(duì)不同下墊面類型的微氣候要素、地表能量通量和CO2通量以及不同陸面過程因子進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。進(jìn)而定量計(jì)算不同陸面因子對(duì)于微氣候要素差異的貢獻(xiàn)大小,試圖找出控制該地區(qū)陸-氣相互作用的關(guān)鍵陸面因子。論文研究結(jié)果表明:不同下墊面陸-氣相互作用差異顯著,其中(1)地表微氣候要素逐日變化的差異主要出現(xiàn)在城市和農(nóng)田站,并且在降水較少時(shí)段最為明顯,其中氣溫、地溫和相對(duì)濕度的最大差值分別達(dá)3.21℃,7.26℃和22.79%;城市熱島效應(yīng)在夜間最為顯著,使得城區(qū)氣溫比周邊高2℃;農(nóng)田的蒸發(fā)降溫作用使地表溫度降低,LE在熱量輸送中占主導(dǎo),夏季出現(xiàn)負(fù)感熱;(2)地表性質(zhì)引起的輻射差異主要體現(xiàn)在與反照率有關(guān)的向上短波輻射(USR)和與地表溫度有關(guān)的向上長(zhǎng)波輻射(ULR),而USR的最小值和ULR的最大值都出現(xiàn)在城區(qū)黨校站;(3)城市和農(nóng)田站地表感熱(H)和潛熱(LE)通量逐日變化的差異最大,分別達(dá)45和95Wm-2,其中LE在凈輻射(Rn)中所占的比重從春到夏不斷增加。通過對(duì)LUCC的微氣候效應(yīng)進(jìn)行歸因分析,定量計(jì)算不同土地利用類型對(duì)地表溫度改變(ΔTs)的貢獻(xiàn)大小,該研究發(fā)現(xiàn):城市熱島和農(nóng)田降溫雖然作用相反,但在長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)都很明顯,分別使地表氣溫增加了 1.25℃和降低了-1.76℃。地表反照率、粗糙度、波文比以及大氣背景場(chǎng)的差異都對(duì)ATs有貢獻(xiàn)作用。其中,蒸發(fā)引起的波文比變化在ATs中起主導(dǎo)作用,對(duì)農(nóng)田降溫貢獻(xiàn)達(dá)-1.40℃,對(duì)城市增暖貢獻(xiàn)達(dá)2.29℃。而氣溫所代表的大氣環(huán)流背景場(chǎng)也是陸-氣間反饋的重要因素之一,對(duì)城市熱島和農(nóng)田降溫都有促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:Located in the Yangtze River Delta region of China's typical East Asian monsoon area, rapid city, industrialization, the expansion of farmland and forest afforestation etc. because of human activities on land use / cover change in the area (LUCC) complex. LUCC makes the surface albedo, roughness and Bowen ratio etc. land surface factor changes, these changes affected by the surface atmosphere between the energy and material flux, resulting in changes in surface micro climate. In order to get a better understanding of the mechanism of regional land atmosphere interaction, understanding the climatic effects of different types of LUCC in the Yangtze River Delta region, the Nanjing City Party school station, including the surrounding suburban suburb of Lishui, Xianlin Railway Station and Lishui station station station of farmland grassland, a pair of data of different types of underlying surface micro climate the elements, surface energy flux and CO2 flux and different land surface process factors are analyzed. Then the contribution of different land surface factors to the difference of microclimate factors is calculated, and the key land surface factors to control the land - gas interaction in this area are found. The results of this study showed that the difference of surface land atmosphere interaction significantly different (1), the difference of surface micro climate elements daily variation mainly occurred in the city and farmland station, and in less precipitation period is most obvious, the biggest difference between air temperature and relative humidity were up to 3.21 C, 7.26 C and 22.79%; urban heat island effect in the night is the most significant, makes the city temperature higher than the surrounding 2 DEG C; the cooling effect of the farmland evaporation surface temperature decreased, LE in heat transfer is dominant in the negative sense, summer heat; (2) the difference of surface properties caused by radiation is mainly reflected in the related albedo (the upward shortwave radiation USR) and related to the surface temperature of the upward longwave radiation (ULR), and the maximum and minimum value of ULR and USR have appeared in the city party school; (3) city and farmland station (H) surface sensible heat and latent heat flux (LE) differences in the daily variations of the Large, 45 and 95Wm-2 respectively, and the proportion of LE in the net radiation (Rn) increased from spring to summer. Attribution analysis by micro climate effects on LUCC, quantitative calculation of different types of land use change on land surface temperature (Ts) of the contribution, the study found that: the city heat island and farmland cooling although the opposite effect, but in the Yangtze River Delta region is very obvious, are that the surface temperature increase of 1.25 degrees C and reduced -1.76. The surface albedo, roughness, Bowen ratio and difference of atmospheric background field to contribute ATs. Among them, the evaporation caused by Bowen ratio changes in ATs plays a leading role in farmland cooling contribution rate of -1.40 DEG C, the city with up to 2.29 degrees warming. The atmospheric circulation background field represented by the air temperature is also one of the important factors of the land gas feedback, which can promote the cooling of the urban heat island and the farmland.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P463

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本文編號(hào)：1341251