【摘要】：保護"自然面貌"曾作為19世紀后期英國的主導環(huán)境管理原則被長期推崇,但在實踐中卻引發(fā)了有違保護初衷的生態(tài)后果。這一原則是在自然神論、浪漫主義、博物學等因素的共同作用下形成的,其核心理念是"清除人為特征"和"保留自然之力"。這一原則有效地遏制了鐵路公司在經(jīng)濟利益引誘下試圖占用公地的商業(yè)活動,保護了埃平森林的生態(tài)面貌。但在經(jīng)濟增長模式、現(xiàn)代化思維與藝術(shù)價值觀念變化的推動下,埃平森林中"修剪樹冠"活動的廢止導致古老的"牧草林地"景觀從一個馬賽克式的多樣化生境逐漸退化成一個斑塊化、孤立化、單一化的生境。因此,把人類視為有益生態(tài)演替中的一個積極因子并適當恢復其在生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的活動至關(guān)重要。
[Abstract]:The protection of "natural appearance" was respected for a long time as the leading environmental management principle in Britain in the late 19th century, but in practice it led to ecological consequences that were contrary to the original intention of protection. This principle is formed under the joint action of natural theism, romanticism, naturalism and other factors, and its core ideas are "clearing man-made characteristics" and "retaining the power of nature". This principle effectively restricts the commercial activities of railway companies trying to occupy common land under the inducement of economic interests, and protects the ecological appearance of Eping forest. However, driven by the model of economic growth, the change of modern thinking and artistic values, The abolition of "pruning crown" in Eping forest led to the gradual degradation of the ancient "forage forest" landscape from a mosaic diversified habitat to a patchy, isolated and unitary habitat. Therefore, it is very important to regard human beings as a positive factor in beneficial ecological succession and to properly restore their activities in ecological networks.
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學世界文明史研究中心博士后流動站;
【基金】：“中國博士后科學基金第61批面上資助”項目(2017M611290)
【分類號】：X32-09

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