聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜的制備及其性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-27 05:24
【摘要】：電催化氧化技術(shù)可以將有機(jī)污染物分解為小分子有機(jī)物或者直接降解為水和二氧化碳。這可以使有機(jī)物降解的更高效、更徹底、更無害。因此,電催化技術(shù)在降解有機(jī)廢水方面有著很廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。而在電催化過程中,電極是最關(guān)鍵的部分。相比于金屬、難溶鹽等電極,膜電極有比表面積大、適用范圍廣等特點,在有機(jī)廢水處理方面得到了越來越多的關(guān)注。目前膜電極中的膜材料一般都是陶瓷膜等無機(jī)材料,這類膜電極最大的缺陷就是在反應(yīng)過程中會出現(xiàn)催化物質(zhì)脫落的情況,降低催化效果。本文將電催化技術(shù)與有機(jī)膜材料相結(jié)合,希望通過這種方法可以制備出一種具有優(yōu)異性能的新的膜電極——聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜。相比于無機(jī)膜材料與催化物質(zhì)結(jié)合不好的缺點,有機(jī)膜材料在與催化物質(zhì)的結(jié)合上有著很好的優(yōu)勢。而且,有機(jī)膜材料選材廣泛、制備方法簡便、成本低廉。本實驗以碳布為支撐體,通過在鑄膜液中添加兩種不同的電催化劑,用相轉(zhuǎn)化法制備了兩種含有不同催化劑的聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜。聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜是以聚醚砜為高分子聚合物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮為添加劑,二甲基乙酰胺為溶劑制備鑄膜液,通過在鑄膜液中加入導(dǎo)電聚合物以及電催化劑,用相轉(zhuǎn)化法制備出聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜。在電催化劑的選擇方面,選擇了 Sb-Sn02以及Pt/CNTs這兩種不同的催化劑。將兩種含有不同催化劑的聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜用SEM、EDX、XRD、XPS等表征方法進(jìn)行表征分析,結(jié)果表明,含Sb-Sn02催化劑的聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜中含有聚苯胺和Sb-Sn02,含Pt/CNTs催化劑的聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜中含有聚苯胺和Pt/CNTs。聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜表面均勻、光滑、平整,截面出現(xiàn)指狀孔。本實驗選擇直接紅31染料為目標(biāo)對象進(jìn)行實驗研究。研究了聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜的制備過程中導(dǎo)電聚合物、電催化劑含量對有機(jī)膜的電催化性能的影響,以及電壓、染料的濃度、PH、電解質(zhì)種類及濃度對染料降解效果的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)染料的初始濃度為20mg·L-1、電壓為2.6V、以NaCl為電解質(zhì)、NaCl的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為8%、中性條件下,對直接紅31染料進(jìn)行電催化降解,聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜對直接紅31染料廢水的降解效果比較好。實驗表明,電催化和有機(jī)膜材料相結(jié)合制備出的膜電極——聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜,在降解直接紅31染料的同時,膜表面以及膜孔內(nèi)的有機(jī)污染物質(zhì)也得到了降解,在一定程度上還起到了緩解聚醚砜電催化有機(jī)膜的膜污染的作用。
[Abstract]:Electrocatalytic oxidation can decompose organic pollutants into small molecules or degrade them directly into water and carbon dioxide. This can make organic matter degradation more efficient, more thorough, more harmless. Therefore, electrocatalytic technology has a broad application prospect in the degradation of organic wastewater. In the process of electrocatalysis, electrode is the most critical part. Compared with metal, insoluble salt and other electrodes, membrane electrode has the characteristics of large specific surface area and wide range of application, so it has attracted more and more attention in the treatment of organic wastewater. At present, the membrane materials in the membrane electrode are generally inorganic materials such as ceramic membrane. The biggest defect of this kind of membrane electrode is that the catalytic material will fall off in the reaction process, and the catalytic effect will be reduced. In this paper, the electrocatalytic technology is combined with organic membrane materials, and it is hoped that a new membrane electrode, polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, can be prepared by this method. Compared with the poor combination of inorganic membrane material and catalytic material, organic membrane material has a good advantage in the combination of inorganic membrane material and catalytic material. Moreover, the organic membrane material is widely selected, the preparation method is simple and the cost is low. In this experiment, two kinds of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing different catalysts were prepared by phase transformation method by adding two different electrocatalysts to the casting solution with carbon cloth as support. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane is prepared by using polyethersulfone as polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive and dimethyl acetamide as solvent. By adding conductive polymer and electrocatalyst to the casting solution, Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane was prepared by phase transformation method. In the selection of electrocatalysts, two different catalysts, Sb-Sn02 and Pt/CNTs, were selected. Two kinds of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing different catalysts were characterized by SEM,EDX,XRD,XPS and other characterization methods. The results showed that the polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing Sb-Sn02 catalysts contained Polyphenylamine and Sb-Sn02,. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane containing Pt/CNTs catalyst contains Polyphenylamine and Pt/CNTs. The surface of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane is uniform, smooth and smooth, and finger pores appear in the cross section. In this experiment, direct red 31 dye was selected as the target object for experimental study. The effects of conductive polymer and electrocatalyst content on the electrocatalytic performance of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, as well as the effects of voltage, dye concentration, PH, electrolyte type and concentration on dye degradation were studied. The experimental results show that when the initial concentration of the dye is 20mg 路L ~ (- 1), the voltage is 2.6 V, the mass fraction of NaCl is 8% with NaCl as electrolyte, the direct red 31 dye is degraded by electrocatalysis under neutral conditions. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane has a good degradation effect on direct red 31 dye wastewater. The experimental results show that the membrane electrode, polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, prepared by the combination of electrocatalysis and organic membrane material, not only degrades the direct red 31 dye, but also degrades the organic pollutants on the surface of the membrane and in the membrane pores. To a certain extent, it also plays an important role in alleviating the membrane fouling of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2485926
[Abstract]:Electrocatalytic oxidation can decompose organic pollutants into small molecules or degrade them directly into water and carbon dioxide. This can make organic matter degradation more efficient, more thorough, more harmless. Therefore, electrocatalytic technology has a broad application prospect in the degradation of organic wastewater. In the process of electrocatalysis, electrode is the most critical part. Compared with metal, insoluble salt and other electrodes, membrane electrode has the characteristics of large specific surface area and wide range of application, so it has attracted more and more attention in the treatment of organic wastewater. At present, the membrane materials in the membrane electrode are generally inorganic materials such as ceramic membrane. The biggest defect of this kind of membrane electrode is that the catalytic material will fall off in the reaction process, and the catalytic effect will be reduced. In this paper, the electrocatalytic technology is combined with organic membrane materials, and it is hoped that a new membrane electrode, polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, can be prepared by this method. Compared with the poor combination of inorganic membrane material and catalytic material, organic membrane material has a good advantage in the combination of inorganic membrane material and catalytic material. Moreover, the organic membrane material is widely selected, the preparation method is simple and the cost is low. In this experiment, two kinds of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing different catalysts were prepared by phase transformation method by adding two different electrocatalysts to the casting solution with carbon cloth as support. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane is prepared by using polyethersulfone as polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive and dimethyl acetamide as solvent. By adding conductive polymer and electrocatalyst to the casting solution, Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane was prepared by phase transformation method. In the selection of electrocatalysts, two different catalysts, Sb-Sn02 and Pt/CNTs, were selected. Two kinds of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing different catalysts were characterized by SEM,EDX,XRD,XPS and other characterization methods. The results showed that the polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membranes containing Sb-Sn02 catalysts contained Polyphenylamine and Sb-Sn02,. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane containing Pt/CNTs catalyst contains Polyphenylamine and Pt/CNTs. The surface of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane is uniform, smooth and smooth, and finger pores appear in the cross section. In this experiment, direct red 31 dye was selected as the target object for experimental study. The effects of conductive polymer and electrocatalyst content on the electrocatalytic performance of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, as well as the effects of voltage, dye concentration, PH, electrolyte type and concentration on dye degradation were studied. The experimental results show that when the initial concentration of the dye is 20mg 路L ~ (- 1), the voltage is 2.6 V, the mass fraction of NaCl is 8% with NaCl as electrolyte, the direct red 31 dye is degraded by electrocatalysis under neutral conditions. Polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane has a good degradation effect on direct red 31 dye wastewater. The experimental results show that the membrane electrode, polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane, prepared by the combination of electrocatalysis and organic membrane material, not only degrades the direct red 31 dye, but also degrades the organic pollutants on the surface of the membrane and in the membrane pores. To a certain extent, it also plays an important role in alleviating the membrane fouling of polyethersulfone electrocatalytic organic membrane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
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