Trametes versicolor產(chǎn)漆酶及其在有機(jī)污染物降解中的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-11-07 19:47
【摘要】:漆酶(Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2)是一種含銅的多酚類氧化酶,具有廣泛的底物特異性,是一種環(huán)境友好的綠色催化劑,有重要的工業(yè)應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文對(duì)Trametes versicolor(彩絨革蓋菌)固態(tài)發(fā)酵產(chǎn)漆酶進(jìn)行了研究,并且對(duì)T.versicolor及其漆酶在有機(jī)污染物降解方面的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了探討,其研究成果如下:對(duì)T.versicolor漆酶的固態(tài)發(fā)酵條件進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,玉米秸稈可作為固態(tài)發(fā)酵的適宜底物。最適發(fā)酵條件為:初始含水量65%,pH值4.5-6.0,發(fā)酵溫度30℃,接種量10%,且添加0.5%的葡萄糖可以提高漆酶活力。在優(yōu)化的條件下,固態(tài)發(fā)酵第10天酶活力可達(dá)到32.09 U/g。探究了T.versicolor漆酶對(duì)內(nèi)分泌干擾物雙酚A的降解條件。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:漆酶對(duì)雙酚A的降解率在一定范圍內(nèi)隨著反應(yīng)時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)及漆酶用量的增加而提高;最適降解條件為:pH 5.0,溫度50℃,搖瓶轉(zhuǎn)速120 r/min。介體乙酰丁香酮和ABTS對(duì)漆酶降解雙酚A具有顯著的促進(jìn)效應(yīng)。金屬離子Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)和Co~(2+)對(duì)漆酶降解雙酚A幾乎無影響,而10 mM Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)對(duì)漆酶降解雙酚A具有顯著的抑制效應(yīng)。在濃度為1%的條件下,有機(jī)化合物丙酮、異丙醇、二甲苯、甲醇、乙腈和乙醚對(duì)漆酶降解雙酚A無顯著影響,而在濃度10%的條件下,丙酮、異丙醇、甲醇和二甲苯對(duì)漆酶降解雙酚A有顯著的抑制作用。對(duì)采用T.versicolor固態(tài)發(fā)酵產(chǎn)漆酶和協(xié)同降解雙酚A的工藝進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明,T.versicolor固態(tài)發(fā)酵產(chǎn)漆酶的同時(shí),可以有效地降解雙酚A,且雙酚A可以促進(jìn)漆酶的生產(chǎn)。利用T.versicolor在固態(tài)發(fā)酵的同時(shí)降解雙酚A的pH作用范圍更大,金屬離子(10mM Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Co~(2+),Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+))幾乎不影響T.versicolor對(duì)雙酚A的降解率,尤其是在沒有加入介體(ABTS和乙酰丁香酮)的情況下,雙酚A的降解率可達(dá)90%。除草劑異丙隆易于在土壤中累積并造成壞境污染,對(duì)利用T.versicolor漆酶介體系統(tǒng)降解異丙隆的反應(yīng)條件進(jìn)行了研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:由于異丙隆化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)上存在相對(duì)較強(qiáng)的吸電子基團(tuán)(-NH-CO-N(CH3)2),T.versicolor漆酶直接降解異丙隆的降解率小于10%;在漆酶降解異丙隆的過程中,合成介體比天然介體效率更高,但漆酶易在合成介體HBT中失活。漆酶-HBT系統(tǒng)降解異丙隆的最適pH為5.0,最適溫度為50℃,金屬離子Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+)和Cd~(2+)可以促進(jìn)異丙隆的降解;聚乙二醇(PEG)可以提高漆酶-HBT系統(tǒng)對(duì)異丙隆的降解率,且PEG可以減少HBT的用量,擴(kuò)大pH作用范圍,不改變最適降解溫度。通過GC-MC對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)物鑒定,低聚反應(yīng)為漆酶-HBT系統(tǒng)降解異丙隆的主要反應(yīng)機(jī)制。本文的研究成果在污染環(huán)境的生物修復(fù)領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Laccase (Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2) is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase with broad substrate specificity and is an environmentally friendly green catalyst with important industrial application value. In this paper, the laccase production by solid state fermentation of Trametes versicolor (was studied, and the application of T.versicolor and laccase in the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed. The results are as follows: the conditions of solid-state fermentation of T.versicolor laccase were studied. The results showed that corn straw could be used as a suitable substrate for solid state fermentation. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: initial water content 65%, pH 4.5-6.0, fermentation temperature 30 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2317391
[Abstract]:Laccase (Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2) is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase with broad substrate specificity and is an environmentally friendly green catalyst with important industrial application value. In this paper, the laccase production by solid state fermentation of Trametes versicolor (was studied, and the application of T.versicolor and laccase in the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed. The results are as follows: the conditions of solid-state fermentation of T.versicolor laccase were studied. The results showed that corn straw could be used as a suitable substrate for solid state fermentation. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: initial water content 65%, pH 4.5-6.0, fermentation temperature 30 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2317391
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