基于SWMM模型的南寧市地表徑流及非點(diǎn)源污染精細(xì)化模擬研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 16:17
【摘要】：隨著快速的城市化發(fā)展,我國城市不透水面積比例在不斷地增長,由此引起城市內(nèi)河流域內(nèi)澇、黑臭頻發(fā)等一系列問題。南寧作為東盟博覽會(huì)永久舉辦地,也是“一帶一路”的重要樞紐城市,近年來發(fā)展迅速,同樣面臨著徑流污染加劇的痛點(diǎn)問題。2015年,南寧成為16個(gè)首批國家“海綿城市”建設(shè)試點(diǎn)之一,由此對南寧市進(jìn)行地表徑流及非點(diǎn)源污染的總體計(jì)量及空間特征研究具有重要的意義。本文以150m網(wǎng)格為基本單元,對南寧市區(qū)地表徑流及非點(diǎn)源污染進(jìn)行精細(xì)化建模研究,分3種情景化的低影響開發(fā)模式對試點(diǎn)區(qū)域進(jìn)行了改造模擬,主要結(jié)論包括:通過分析年徑流產(chǎn)量發(fā)現(xiàn),2015年市區(qū)徑流總量為3.37億立方米,相比2009年的1.86億立方米有很大增長,空間徑流分布向市區(qū)東北方向偏移。非點(diǎn)源污染物中SS和COD產(chǎn)量均有增長,TN和TP則相反。COD產(chǎn)量從2009年的1.858萬噸增加到了 2015年的1.868萬噸,SS從3.880萬噸增加到了 4.583萬噸,TN從0.254萬噸減少到了 0.228萬噸,TP從0.073萬噸減少到了 0.060萬噸。年徑流產(chǎn)量在空間分布上出現(xiàn)高污染區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)移的現(xiàn)象。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)造成徑流量變化的主導(dǎo)因素是不透水面的變化,COD和SS變化的主導(dǎo)因素是是居住用地和商業(yè)用地,TN和TP變化的主導(dǎo)因素是工業(yè)用地、其它建筑用地和綠地。對特征區(qū)域的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)綠地能有效影響徑流及非點(diǎn)源污染,在不同設(shè)計(jì)降水下徑流峰值均出現(xiàn)了 30分鐘的推遲,污染物的峰值也有了一定的推遲。對南寧高強(qiáng)度改造區(qū)H進(jìn)行低影響開發(fā)情景模式改造模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),最大徑流(情景1)及污染物(情景2)去除模式下徑流及SS的削減分別達(dá)到了 21.04%和66.37%,成本最優(yōu)模式(情景3)下徑流及SS的削減分別為13.74%和46.71%。從單位投資回報(bào)考慮,情景3單位成本徑流和SS削減率分別增加了 0.17(%/千萬元)和0.89(%/千萬元),即情景3模式要優(yōu)于情景1、2。由此提出建議,在進(jìn)行“海綿城市”改造時(shí)需要從單位成本投資所帶來的效益變化出發(fā),多目標(biāo)的進(jìn)行管理設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, the proportion of impervious area in cities in China is increasing, which causes a series of problems such as waterlogging and frequent black-smelling in urban inland watersheds. Nanning, as the permanent host of the ASEAN Exposition and an important hub city of "Belt and Road", has developed rapidly in recent years and is also facing the problem of worsening runoff pollution. Nanning has become one of the experimental projects of "sponge city" construction in 16 countries, so it is of great significance to study the overall measurement and spatial characteristics of surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning. In this paper, the surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning urban area were modeled with 150m grid as the basic unit, and three scenarios of low-impact development models were used to reconstruct the pilot area. The main conclusions are as follows: through the analysis of the annual runoff output, the total urban runoff in 2015 is 337 million cubic meters, which is a great increase compared with 186 million cubic meters in 2009, and the spatial runoff distribution is shifted to the northeast of the urban area. SS and COD production in non-point source pollutants increased, whereas TN and TP increased from 18580 tons in 2009 to 18680 tons in 2015. SS increased from 38800 tons to 45830 tons of nitrogen from 2540 tons to 2280 tons of phosphorus. From 730 tons to 600 tons. The spatial distribution of annual runoff yield shows the phenomenon of high pollution area transfer. It is found that the main factors of runoff change are the change of water surface COD and SS the main factors of TN and TP change of residential land and commercial land are industrial land other building land and green land. It is found that green space can effectively affect runoff and non-point source pollution. Under different design precipitation, the peak runoff value is delayed for 30 minutes, and the peak value of pollutants is also delayed to a certain extent. The simulation of the low-impact development scenario model in the high-intensity transformation area H of Nanning shows that, Under the maximum runoff (scenario 1) and pollutants (scenario 2) removal model, the reduction of runoff and SS reached 21.04% and 66.37%, respectively, and the reduction of runoff and SS in the cost optimal model (scenario 3) was 13.74% and 46.71%, respectively. Considering the return on unit investment, the unit cost runoff and SS reduction rate of scenario 3 were increased by 0.17 (RMB / 10 million) and 0.89 (RMB / 10 million) respectively, that is, scenario 3 was better than scenario 1 / 2. Therefore, it is suggested that in the process of "sponge city" transformation, the multi-objective management design scheme should be determined based on the change of benefit brought by unit cost investment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, the proportion of impervious area in cities in China is increasing, which causes a series of problems such as waterlogging and frequent black-smelling in urban inland watersheds. Nanning, as the permanent host of the ASEAN Exposition and an important hub city of "Belt and Road", has developed rapidly in recent years and is also facing the problem of worsening runoff pollution. Nanning has become one of the experimental projects of "sponge city" construction in 16 countries, so it is of great significance to study the overall measurement and spatial characteristics of surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning. In this paper, the surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning urban area were modeled with 150m grid as the basic unit, and three scenarios of low-impact development models were used to reconstruct the pilot area. The main conclusions are as follows: through the analysis of the annual runoff output, the total urban runoff in 2015 is 337 million cubic meters, which is a great increase compared with 186 million cubic meters in 2009, and the spatial runoff distribution is shifted to the northeast of the urban area. SS and COD production in non-point source pollutants increased, whereas TN and TP increased from 18580 tons in 2009 to 18680 tons in 2015. SS increased from 38800 tons to 45830 tons of nitrogen from 2540 tons to 2280 tons of phosphorus. From 730 tons to 600 tons. The spatial distribution of annual runoff yield shows the phenomenon of high pollution area transfer. It is found that the main factors of runoff change are the change of water surface COD and SS the main factors of TN and TP change of residential land and commercial land are industrial land other building land and green land. It is found that green space can effectively affect runoff and non-point source pollution. Under different design precipitation, the peak runoff value is delayed for 30 minutes, and the peak value of pollutants is also delayed to a certain extent. The simulation of the low-impact development scenario model in the high-intensity transformation area H of Nanning shows that, Under the maximum runoff (scenario 1) and pollutants (scenario 2) removal model, the reduction of runoff and SS reached 21.04% and 66.37%, respectively, and the reduction of runoff and SS in the cost optimal model (scenario 3) was 13.74% and 46.71%, respectively. Considering the return on unit investment, the unit cost runoff and SS reduction rate of scenario 3 were increased by 0.17 (RMB / 10 million) and 0.89 (RMB / 10 million) respectively, that is, scenario 3 was better than scenario 1 / 2. Therefore, it is suggested that in the process of "sponge city" transformation, the multi-objective management design scheme should be determined based on the change of benefit brought by unit cost investment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52
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