被污染土壤低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)除汞廢水Fenton氧化研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 16:42
【摘要】：隨著《土壤污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》的正式實(shí)施,土壤污染修復(fù)已成為環(huán)境修復(fù)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。當(dāng)前,處治污染土壤的方法包括物理修復(fù)、化學(xué)修復(fù)、生物修復(fù)等方法,針對(duì)土壤中污染物類別、濃度高低以及土壤區(qū)域用途目的的不同,選擇不同的污染土壤修復(fù)技術(shù)。低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)針對(duì)高濃度汞污染農(nóng)耕土地,進(jìn)行復(fù)墾修復(fù)的工程性處理方法,汞的去除效率達(dá)到了70%~90%左右。低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)已實(shí)際運(yùn)用于修復(fù)某有機(jī)化工廠污染的土壤、河道底泥的治理,并取得了良好的效果。但該區(qū)域污染物來(lái)源于化工廠排放的廢水,污染土壤中除了汞之外,還有極其復(fù)雜的有機(jī)污染物積累于土壤中,由于土壤在破碎和干化后仍存在5%~20%的含水率,在利用低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)處理過(guò)程中,污染土壤產(chǎn)生了部分成分尚不清楚的廢水。本論文從完善低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)體系,為該新型實(shí)用技術(shù)進(jìn)一步推廣應(yīng)用的角度出發(fā),圍繞低溫?zé)峤馓幚砦廴就寥肋^(guò)程產(chǎn)生的廢水,開(kāi)展了如下研究:(1)弄清廢水中污染物成分、及其濃度,確定廢水類型。對(duì)廢水進(jìn)行GC/MS掃描,發(fā)現(xiàn)廢水中存在有苯系物、酚類物質(zhì)以及多環(huán)芳烴類物質(zhì);對(duì)廢水中COD、氨氮、揮發(fā)酚等污染物進(jìn)行檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)COD濃度高達(dá)15000~20000 mg/L,氨氮在2000 mg/L上下,揮發(fā)酚也嚴(yán)重超標(biāo),計(jì)算B/C大約在0.14~0.18之間,確定該廢水屬于高濃度難降解的有機(jī)廢水。(2)由于廢水中有機(jī)物濃度遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)《污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB8978-1996)所規(guī)定排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),因此需要尋求有效方法對(duì)廢水進(jìn)行處理。參照常見(jiàn)難降解廢水的性質(zhì)和處理方法,采用Fenton氧化法對(duì)低溫?zé)峤獬瘡U水進(jìn)行處理。以COD去除率為指標(biāo)得到Fenton氧化法廢水處理的最佳試驗(yàn)條件,包括初始反應(yīng)pH為3~4、FeSO4·7H2O投加量13.9 g/L、H2O2投加量為84 ml/L、反應(yīng)時(shí)間40min、重復(fù)氧化三次;最終得到COD的去除率達(dá)到了83%。(3)評(píng)價(jià)Fenton氧化法對(duì)廢水處理的綜合效果。在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,對(duì)廢水處理后COD濃度從17900 mg/L降低為3034 mg/L、氨氮濃度從1934 mg/L降低為1111 mg/L、揮發(fā)酚由16.8 mg/L將抵至3.32 mg/L,三種污染物濃度在處理后去除率分別為83%、42.55%、80%,廢水的生化指標(biāo)B/C從0.18提高到0.36,可生化性提高100%。(4)不同濃度的熱解廢水以及其他類型的廢水Fenton氧化處理對(duì)比研究。由于土壤含水率的變化以及被污染的程度不同,產(chǎn)生的廢水有機(jī)物濃度不同,在相同試驗(yàn)條件下,對(duì)不同處理對(duì)象進(jìn)行研究,驗(yàn)證Fenton氧化法對(duì)不同濃度有機(jī)廢水的有效性,從側(cè)面反映了熱解廢水水質(zhì)的復(fù)雜性和難降解性。綜上,低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)工程性修復(fù)某化工廠污染農(nóng)耕土壤過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的廢水屬于高濃度難降解有機(jī)廢水,廢水中COD濃度最高達(dá)到20000 mg/L,揮發(fā)酚也高達(dá)18.6 mg/L。若該廢水直接排入環(huán)境會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的二次污染,目前對(duì)廢水行業(yè)的研究中,對(duì)此類廢水的處理并無(wú)明確方法,本文采用Fenton氧化法對(duì)廢水進(jìn)行處理,COD、氨氮、揮發(fā)酚等污染物濃度在處理后去除率分別為83%、42.55%、80%,廢水中污染物濃度大幅度降低,雖不能滿足《污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》但廢水生化指標(biāo)從0.18提高到0.36,水質(zhì)可生化性明顯提高,為實(shí)現(xiàn)廢水排放后續(xù)的生化處理或者其他處理技術(shù)提供了良好基礎(chǔ),對(duì)完善低溫?zé)峤饧夹g(shù)體系提供了技術(shù)途徑。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the action plan for the prevention and control of soil pollution, the remediation of soil pollution has become one of the hotspots in the field of environmental remediation. At present, the methods of treating contaminated soil include physical repair, chemical repair, bioremediation and so on. The selection of soil pollution types, concentration and purpose of soil regional use is different. Different remediation techniques for contaminated soil. Low temperature pyrolysis technology for high concentration of mercury polluted farmland and reclamation and restoration by engineering method, the removal efficiency of mercury has reached about 70%~90%. Low temperature pyrolysis technology has been applied to remediation of contaminated soil in an organic chemical plant and the treatment of sediment in the river, and good results have been achieved. However, the pollutants in this area are derived from the effluent from the chemical plant. Besides the mercury in the contaminated soil, the extremely complex organic pollutants are accumulated in the soil. The water content of the 5%~20% still exists after the soil is broken and dried. In the process of treating the soil with low temperature pyrolysis, the polluted soil produces some unknown waste water. In this paper, from the perspective of improving the low temperature pyrolysis technology system and further application of the new practical technology, the following studies have been carried out on the waste water produced by the process of low temperature pyrolysis to treat the contaminated soil process. (1) clarify the pollutants in the waste water and its concentration and determine the type of wastewater. The GC/MS scanning of the wastewater has been carried out to find the existence of waste water. There are benzene series, phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; the detection of COD, ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol in the wastewater has found that the concentration of COD is up to 15000~20000 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is above 2000 mg/L, and the volatile phenol is seriously exceeding the standard, the calculation B/C is about 0.14~0.18, and the wastewater is a high concentration and difficult degradation organic wastewater. (2) due to waste. The concentration of organic matter in water is far beyond the emission standard stipulated in the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996), so it is necessary to seek effective methods to treat the wastewater. Referring to the properties and treatment methods of the common refractory wastewater, the Fenton oxidation method is used to treat the low temperature hot mercury waste water. The COD removal rate is used as the index to obtain the Fenton oxidation. The optimum test conditions for the treatment of the wastewater include the initial reaction pH 3~4, the dosage of FeSO4 / 7H2O 13.9 g/L, the H2O2 dosage of 84 ml/L, the reaction time 40min, and the repeated oxidation three times. Finally, the removal rate of COD is achieved by 83%. (3) evaluation of the combined effect of Fenton oxidation on wastewater treatment. Under the optimal experimental conditions, COD concentration after wastewater treatment is concentrated. From 17900 mg/L to 3034 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased from 1934 mg/L to 1111 mg/L, the volatile phenol was from 16.8 mg/L to 3.32 mg/L, and the removal rate of three kinds of pollutants was 83%, 42.55%, 80%, respectively, and the biochemical indexes of the wastewater were increased from 0.18 to 0.36, and the biodegradability of 100%. (4) different concentrations of pyrolysis wastewater and other classes could be improved. Comparative study on Fenton oxidation treatment of wastewater. Due to the change of soil moisture content and the different degree of pollution, the concentration of organic matter in the wastewater is different. Under the same test conditions, the different treatment objects are studied to verify the effectiveness of the Fenton oxidation method for different concentrations of organic waste water, and the water quality of the pyrolysis wastewater is reflected from the side. In summary, the waste water produced in the process of remediation of contaminated agricultural soil in a chemical plant with low temperature pyrolysis technology is high concentration and difficult to degrade organic wastewater. The highest COD concentration in the wastewater is up to 20000 mg/L, and the volatile phenol is also up to 18.6 mg/L.. If the wastewater is directly discharged into the environment, it will cause serious two pollution. In the research of wastewater industry, there is no clear method to treat such wastewater. In this paper, the Fenton oxidation method is used to treat wastewater. The removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol is 83%, 42.55%, 80% respectively after treatment, and the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater is greatly reduced, although it can not meet the wastewater discharge standard, but the wastewater biochemical index can not be met. From 0.18 to 0.36, the biodegradability of water quality is improved obviously. It provides a good basis for the implementation of biochemical treatment or other treatment techniques for the follow-up of wastewater discharge, and provides a technical way for improving the low temperature pyrolysis technology system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703;X53
本文編號(hào)：2126993
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the action plan for the prevention and control of soil pollution, the remediation of soil pollution has become one of the hotspots in the field of environmental remediation. At present, the methods of treating contaminated soil include physical repair, chemical repair, bioremediation and so on. The selection of soil pollution types, concentration and purpose of soil regional use is different. Different remediation techniques for contaminated soil. Low temperature pyrolysis technology for high concentration of mercury polluted farmland and reclamation and restoration by engineering method, the removal efficiency of mercury has reached about 70%~90%. Low temperature pyrolysis technology has been applied to remediation of contaminated soil in an organic chemical plant and the treatment of sediment in the river, and good results have been achieved. However, the pollutants in this area are derived from the effluent from the chemical plant. Besides the mercury in the contaminated soil, the extremely complex organic pollutants are accumulated in the soil. The water content of the 5%~20% still exists after the soil is broken and dried. In the process of treating the soil with low temperature pyrolysis, the polluted soil produces some unknown waste water. In this paper, from the perspective of improving the low temperature pyrolysis technology system and further application of the new practical technology, the following studies have been carried out on the waste water produced by the process of low temperature pyrolysis to treat the contaminated soil process. (1) clarify the pollutants in the waste water and its concentration and determine the type of wastewater. The GC/MS scanning of the wastewater has been carried out to find the existence of waste water. There are benzene series, phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; the detection of COD, ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol in the wastewater has found that the concentration of COD is up to 15000~20000 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is above 2000 mg/L, and the volatile phenol is seriously exceeding the standard, the calculation B/C is about 0.14~0.18, and the wastewater is a high concentration and difficult degradation organic wastewater. (2) due to waste. The concentration of organic matter in water is far beyond the emission standard stipulated in the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996), so it is necessary to seek effective methods to treat the wastewater. Referring to the properties and treatment methods of the common refractory wastewater, the Fenton oxidation method is used to treat the low temperature hot mercury waste water. The COD removal rate is used as the index to obtain the Fenton oxidation. The optimum test conditions for the treatment of the wastewater include the initial reaction pH 3~4, the dosage of FeSO4 / 7H2O 13.9 g/L, the H2O2 dosage of 84 ml/L, the reaction time 40min, and the repeated oxidation three times. Finally, the removal rate of COD is achieved by 83%. (3) evaluation of the combined effect of Fenton oxidation on wastewater treatment. Under the optimal experimental conditions, COD concentration after wastewater treatment is concentrated. From 17900 mg/L to 3034 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased from 1934 mg/L to 1111 mg/L, the volatile phenol was from 16.8 mg/L to 3.32 mg/L, and the removal rate of three kinds of pollutants was 83%, 42.55%, 80%, respectively, and the biochemical indexes of the wastewater were increased from 0.18 to 0.36, and the biodegradability of 100%. (4) different concentrations of pyrolysis wastewater and other classes could be improved. Comparative study on Fenton oxidation treatment of wastewater. Due to the change of soil moisture content and the different degree of pollution, the concentration of organic matter in the wastewater is different. Under the same test conditions, the different treatment objects are studied to verify the effectiveness of the Fenton oxidation method for different concentrations of organic waste water, and the water quality of the pyrolysis wastewater is reflected from the side. In summary, the waste water produced in the process of remediation of contaminated agricultural soil in a chemical plant with low temperature pyrolysis technology is high concentration and difficult to degrade organic wastewater. The highest COD concentration in the wastewater is up to 20000 mg/L, and the volatile phenol is also up to 18.6 mg/L.. If the wastewater is directly discharged into the environment, it will cause serious two pollution. In the research of wastewater industry, there is no clear method to treat such wastewater. In this paper, the Fenton oxidation method is used to treat wastewater. The removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol is 83%, 42.55%, 80% respectively after treatment, and the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater is greatly reduced, although it can not meet the wastewater discharge standard, but the wastewater biochemical index can not be met. From 0.18 to 0.36, the biodegradability of water quality is improved obviously. It provides a good basis for the implementation of biochemical treatment or other treatment techniques for the follow-up of wastewater discharge, and provides a technical way for improving the low temperature pyrolysis technology system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703;X53
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