微波Fenton活性炭協(xié)同作用去除水體中鹽酸黃連素的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 16:46
【摘要】：隨著全球化的腳步,經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)高速發(fā)展,與此同時(shí)制藥領(lǐng)域伴隨出現(xiàn)大量新的藥品,其中就包括鹽酸黃連素。其出現(xiàn)對(duì)于病患有著重要的意義,與此同時(shí)對(duì)于環(huán)保領(lǐng)域,也帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)。鹽酸黃連素(分子式C20H18NO4)是常見的制藥行業(yè)產(chǎn)生物,一般情況下為黃色針狀結(jié)晶或者粉末狀,無臭、味苦。鹽酸黃連素被服用后在生物體內(nèi)的吸收率較低,未被吸收的鹽酸黃連素排出生物體外,通過環(huán)境中的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律進(jìn)入到環(huán)境水體中,再加上工業(yè)生產(chǎn)鹽酸黃連素會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量含有鹽酸黃連素的廢水排入水環(huán)境中,水環(huán)境中的很多微生物的生長會(huì)受到其抑制,甚至被鹽酸黃連素消除,導(dǎo)致生存于水環(huán)境中的很大一部分微生物在其生長與繁殖的過程中受到嚴(yán)重影響,從而破壞了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡性以及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中食物鏈的流通性和完整性;同時(shí),在環(huán)境中生物體內(nèi)積累并沿食物鏈傳遞,因此可能會(huì)誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生抗藥基因,會(huì)在環(huán)境中傳播及擴(kuò)散,對(duì)人類健康和食品及飲用水安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅,尤其是近些年來出現(xiàn)的超級(jí)致病菌已成為醫(yī)學(xué)難題。但國內(nèi)對(duì)該廢液的具體去除卻鮮有報(bào)道.目前鹽酸黃連素的處理方法主要有物理法、電化學(xué)法、生物法等。然而,物理法處理鹽酸黃連素只完成了環(huán)境介質(zhì)的轉(zhuǎn)移,并未使之得到降解,大部分高級(jí)氧化技術(shù)實(shí)際工程化應(yīng)用非常少,而且有對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生二次污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),電化學(xué)法因其成本偏高,故實(shí)際工程的應(yīng)用價(jià)值有限,用生物法處理初始濃度較高或變化較大的鹽酸黃連素廢水,處理效果很可能不夠理想,相關(guān)的技術(shù)研究難以應(yīng)用于實(shí)際污水特別是水環(huán)境中高濃度抗菌藥類物質(zhì)的處理中,同時(shí),由于微波具有強(qiáng)穿透效果的能力,因?yàn)榭梢灾苯蛹訜嵊诜磻?yīng)物分子,使分子的化學(xué)鍵強(qiáng)度和反應(yīng)物體系的活化能得到改變,與此同時(shí)使用活性炭與Fenton作為催化劑,使反應(yīng)活性大大增強(qiáng),從而達(dá)到更好的去除效果。實(shí)驗(yàn)針對(duì)模擬鹽酸黃連素廢水進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,為解決同類制藥廢水去除問題提供了技術(shù)參考。分別采用光降解、單獨(dú)微波、單獨(dú)活性炭、單獨(dú)Fenton試劑、Fenton-活性炭聯(lián)用、微波-Fenton-活性炭聯(lián)用技術(shù)五種方法去除水中鹽酸黃連素,分別考察不同方法對(duì)鹽酸黃連素去除效果的影響,同時(shí)考察微波時(shí)間、微波功率、活性炭投加量、腐殖酸投加量、Fe~(2+)投加量、H_2O_2投加量對(duì)鹽酸黃連素去除率的影響,并分別使用氫氧化鈉、硫酸、氯化鈉、硅酸鈉對(duì)活性炭進(jìn)行改性效果比較。最后確定一定濃度的鹽酸黃連素溶液,通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)確定鹽酸黃連素的最佳去除條件,并探究此條件下鹽酸黃連素殘液的可生化性,以及是否符合一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。結(jié)果表明:單獨(dú)微波技術(shù)對(duì)鹽酸黃連素去除基本沒有效果,單獨(dú)活性炭技術(shù)、光降解以及單獨(dú)Fenton技術(shù)耗時(shí)長,效果低。Fenton-活性炭技術(shù)的去除效果高于單獨(dú)技術(shù),而微波-Fenton-活性炭聯(lián)用技術(shù)對(duì)鹽酸黃連素的去除效果遠(yuǎn)大于其他技術(shù)。隨著溶液中鹽酸黃連素初始濃度的不斷增加,去除率呈現(xiàn)降低趨勢(shì);加大活性炭的投加量,去除率先增加后降低;過氧化氫濃度、腐殖酸濃度、Fe~(2+)投加量的不斷增加,整體呈現(xiàn)出基本增加再趨于減少的態(tài)勢(shì)。而隨著微波時(shí)間以及微波功率的增加,鹽酸黃連素的去除率卻不停增大。研究確定了六因子三水平,通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)得出了鹽酸黃連素去除的最佳去除條件。得到鹽酸黃連素的最佳去除條件為:腐殖酸0.008g/L,Fe~(2+)0.41g/L,活性炭0.7 g,微波功率700W,微波時(shí)間5min,H_2O_26mol/L,在此條件下鹽酸黃連素的去除率達(dá)到了86.47%。根據(jù)上述最佳條件,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)得到最佳去除條件下的殘液,考察其可生化性。結(jié)果表明:該殘液的BOD/COD值為0.353,TOC/TN值為101.65,認(rèn)為此液體具有一定的可生化性,并且基本符合一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)。
[Abstract]:With the pace of globalization and the rapid development of the economy and society, at the same time, a large number of new drugs are accompanied in the pharmaceutical field, including berberine hydrochloride, which has an important significance for the disease. At the same time, it also brings new challenges to the field of environmental protection. The hydrochloric acid (C20H18NO4) is a common pharmaceutical industry. Biological, usually yellow needle like crystalline or powdery, odorless, bitter. The absorption rate of berberine hydrochloride in the organism is low, and berberine hydrochloride, which is not absorbed, is discharged into the environment by the law of transfer and transformation in the environment, and the production of berberine hydrochloride in industrial production will produce a large amount of content. The wastewater containing berberine hydrochloride is discharged into the water environment, and the growth of many microorganisms in the water environment will be inhibited, even by berberine hydrochloride. A large portion of microorganisms living in the water environment are seriously affected during their growth and reproduction, which destroys the balance of the ecosystem and the ecosystem. The circulation and integrity of the food chain in the medium, as well as the accumulation in the environment and the transmission along the food chain, may induce the production of antidrug genes, spread and spread in the environment, and pose a serious threat to the health of human health and the safety of food and drinking water, especially the super pathogenic bacteria that have emerged in recent years have become a medical problem. At present, there are few reports on the specific removal of the waste liquid in China. At present, there are physical, electrochemical and biological methods for the treatment of berberine hydrochloride. However, the physical treatment of berberine hydrochloride only completes the transfer of the environmental medium, and does not degrade it. Most advanced oxygenation techniques have very little engineering application and have the opposite ring. Because of the high risk of two pollution, the electrochemical method has a high cost because of its high cost, so the application value of the practical engineering is limited. It is not ideal to treat berberine hydrochloric acid wastewater with higher initial concentration or larger change by biological method. The related technical research is difficult to apply to the practical wastewater, especially the high concentration antibiotics in water environment. In the process of material treatment, at the same time, because microwave has the ability of strong penetration effect, because it can be heated directly to the reactant molecules, the chemical bond strength of the molecule and the activation energy of the reactant system can be changed. At the same time, the active carbon and Fenton are used as catalysts to greatly enhance the activity of the reaction, thus achieving a better removal effect. The pretreatment of berberine hydrochloric acid wastewater has provided a technical reference for the removal of similar pharmaceutical wastewater. Five methods were used to remove berberine hydrochloride in water respectively by five methods, such as photodegradation, separate microwave, separate active carbon, separate Fenton reagent, Fenton- activated carbon, and microwave -Fenton- activated carbon. Methods on the effect of berberine hydrochloride removal, the effects of microwave time, microwave power, activated carbon dosage, humic acid dosage, Fe~ (2+) dosage and H_2O_2 dosage on the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride were investigated. The effects of sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid, sodium chloride and sodium silicate on the modified activated carbon were compared. The optimum removal condition of berberine hydrochloride was determined by orthogonal experiment, and the biodegradability of berberine hydrochloride residue was investigated and the first order kinetic model was found. The results showed that the isolation of Berberine Hydrochloride by separate microwave technology was not effective. As well as the long time of Fenton technology, the removal efficiency of.Fenton- activated carbon technology is higher than that of the single technology, and the removal efficiency of Berberine Hydrochloride by microwave -Fenton- activated carbon technology is much greater than that of other technologies. In addition, the removal rate of hydrogen peroxide concentration, humic acid concentration and Fe~ (2+) increased gradually, and the overall increase tended to decrease, while the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride increased with the increase of microwave time and microwave power. The study determined the six factor and three level, through orthogonal reality. The optimum removal conditions for the removal of berberine hydrochloride were obtained. The optimum removal conditions for berberine hydrochloride were as follows: humic acid 0.008g/L, Fe~ (2+) 0.41g/L, activated carbon 0.7 g, microwave power 700W, microwave time 5min, H_2O_26mol/L. Under these conditions, the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride reached 86.47%. according to the above conditions and obtained through experiments. The biodegradability of the residual liquid under the optimum conditions was investigated. The results showed that the BOD/COD value of the residual liquid was 0.353 and the value of TOC/TN was 101.65. It was considered that the liquid had a certain biodegradability and was basically in accordance with the first order kinetics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X52
本文編號(hào)：2127001
[Abstract]:With the pace of globalization and the rapid development of the economy and society, at the same time, a large number of new drugs are accompanied in the pharmaceutical field, including berberine hydrochloride, which has an important significance for the disease. At the same time, it also brings new challenges to the field of environmental protection. The hydrochloric acid (C20H18NO4) is a common pharmaceutical industry. Biological, usually yellow needle like crystalline or powdery, odorless, bitter. The absorption rate of berberine hydrochloride in the organism is low, and berberine hydrochloride, which is not absorbed, is discharged into the environment by the law of transfer and transformation in the environment, and the production of berberine hydrochloride in industrial production will produce a large amount of content. The wastewater containing berberine hydrochloride is discharged into the water environment, and the growth of many microorganisms in the water environment will be inhibited, even by berberine hydrochloride. A large portion of microorganisms living in the water environment are seriously affected during their growth and reproduction, which destroys the balance of the ecosystem and the ecosystem. The circulation and integrity of the food chain in the medium, as well as the accumulation in the environment and the transmission along the food chain, may induce the production of antidrug genes, spread and spread in the environment, and pose a serious threat to the health of human health and the safety of food and drinking water, especially the super pathogenic bacteria that have emerged in recent years have become a medical problem. At present, there are few reports on the specific removal of the waste liquid in China. At present, there are physical, electrochemical and biological methods for the treatment of berberine hydrochloride. However, the physical treatment of berberine hydrochloride only completes the transfer of the environmental medium, and does not degrade it. Most advanced oxygenation techniques have very little engineering application and have the opposite ring. Because of the high risk of two pollution, the electrochemical method has a high cost because of its high cost, so the application value of the practical engineering is limited. It is not ideal to treat berberine hydrochloric acid wastewater with higher initial concentration or larger change by biological method. The related technical research is difficult to apply to the practical wastewater, especially the high concentration antibiotics in water environment. In the process of material treatment, at the same time, because microwave has the ability of strong penetration effect, because it can be heated directly to the reactant molecules, the chemical bond strength of the molecule and the activation energy of the reactant system can be changed. At the same time, the active carbon and Fenton are used as catalysts to greatly enhance the activity of the reaction, thus achieving a better removal effect. The pretreatment of berberine hydrochloric acid wastewater has provided a technical reference for the removal of similar pharmaceutical wastewater. Five methods were used to remove berberine hydrochloride in water respectively by five methods, such as photodegradation, separate microwave, separate active carbon, separate Fenton reagent, Fenton- activated carbon, and microwave -Fenton- activated carbon. Methods on the effect of berberine hydrochloride removal, the effects of microwave time, microwave power, activated carbon dosage, humic acid dosage, Fe~ (2+) dosage and H_2O_2 dosage on the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride were investigated. The effects of sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid, sodium chloride and sodium silicate on the modified activated carbon were compared. The optimum removal condition of berberine hydrochloride was determined by orthogonal experiment, and the biodegradability of berberine hydrochloride residue was investigated and the first order kinetic model was found. The results showed that the isolation of Berberine Hydrochloride by separate microwave technology was not effective. As well as the long time of Fenton technology, the removal efficiency of.Fenton- activated carbon technology is higher than that of the single technology, and the removal efficiency of Berberine Hydrochloride by microwave -Fenton- activated carbon technology is much greater than that of other technologies. In addition, the removal rate of hydrogen peroxide concentration, humic acid concentration and Fe~ (2+) increased gradually, and the overall increase tended to decrease, while the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride increased with the increase of microwave time and microwave power. The study determined the six factor and three level, through orthogonal reality. The optimum removal conditions for the removal of berberine hydrochloride were obtained. The optimum removal conditions for berberine hydrochloride were as follows: humic acid 0.008g/L, Fe~ (2+) 0.41g/L, activated carbon 0.7 g, microwave power 700W, microwave time 5min, H_2O_26mol/L. Under these conditions, the removal rate of berberine hydrochloride reached 86.47%. according to the above conditions and obtained through experiments. The biodegradability of the residual liquid under the optimum conditions was investigated. The results showed that the BOD/COD value of the residual liquid was 0.353 and the value of TOC/TN was 101.65. It was considered that the liquid had a certain biodegradability and was basically in accordance with the first order kinetics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X52
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