本文選題：好氧污泥 + 強(qiáng)化造粒�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：好氧顆粒污泥以其良好的沉降性能、密實(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)、較高的生物量和對(duì)有害物質(zhì)的吸附能力受到了國(guó)內(nèi)外研究者的廣泛關(guān)注。但是,啟動(dòng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性差是好氧顆粒污泥技術(shù)目前面臨的主要問題。本研究通過在好氧污泥顆�；跗�(10~16天)投加硫酸鋁的方式來加速好氧污泥的顆�；M(jìn)程,并進(jìn)一步通過在解體的好氧顆粒污泥中短期投加硫酸鋁(91~93天)來加速解體好氧顆粒污泥的再形成。采用X熒光光譜儀測(cè)定元素含量,掃描電鏡和能量彌散X射線光譜儀聯(lián)用的方法測(cè)定元素的空間分布,并使用變性梯度凝膠電泳(DGGE)技術(shù)對(duì)期間微生物的群落演替特征進(jìn)行了分析。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)在SBR反應(yīng)器運(yùn)行的10~16天投加硫酸鋁強(qiáng)化造�？梢约铀俸醚跷勰嗟念w�；M(jìn)程,并且強(qiáng)化造粒形成的顆粒污泥機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高、生物量高、沉降性好、平均粒徑大。同時(shí),硫酸鋁的投加并未對(duì)COD、TN和NH4+的去除率造成明顯影響,但在一定程度上可以提高TP的去除率。(2)在強(qiáng)化造粒形成的顆粒污泥中,其Al元素含量從16天的45.69±0.55%逐漸下降至43天的1.09±0.39%,總體呈一個(gè)近似線性下降的趨勢(shì),而自然形成的顆粒中Al元素含量始終低于0.02%。與此同時(shí),顆粒中P和S元素的含量分別由7.21±0.047%和32.11±0.23%逐漸回升至13.64±0.071%和47.82±0.21%。在成熟后的顆粒中,Al元素和P元素主要以沉淀物的形式分布在污泥顆粒的核心。這說明混凝劑投加期間微生物之間的聚集方式以物化絮凝為主,混凝劑投加停止后微生物的自絮凝逐漸替代了混凝劑的無機(jī)絮凝,成為微生物聚集的主要手段。這樣的結(jié)果證明了Al3+強(qiáng)化造粒過程是一個(gè)物化-生化的耦合過程。(3)通過DGGE技術(shù)分析了強(qiáng)化造粒期間污泥內(nèi)微生物的群落演替特征。對(duì)DGGE圖譜和相應(yīng)的測(cè)序結(jié)果分析后發(fā)現(xiàn),強(qiáng)化造粒形成的顆粒污泥和自然形成的顆粒污泥之間微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)并無明顯差異,這說明硫酸鋁的投加未對(duì)顆粒污泥內(nèi)微生物的種群結(jié)構(gòu)造成明顯影響。其中,顆粒污泥內(nèi)的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群主要分布于變形菌門(Proteobacteria),假單胞菌(Pseudomonas)是其中的主要菌屬。(4)在成熟的好氧顆粒污泥解體后,向其中短期投加硫酸鋁可以有效加速顆粒污泥的再形成,并且通過強(qiáng)化方式再形成的顆粒污泥比自然修復(fù)形成的顆粒污泥具有更加良好的污泥特性和更高的細(xì)菌總數(shù)。同時(shí),硫酸鋁的投加在一定程度上改變了污泥中微生物的EPS組分。對(duì)DGGE圖譜和相應(yīng)的測(cè)序結(jié)果分析后發(fā)現(xiàn),加藥結(jié)束后的第7天,通過強(qiáng)化方式再形成的顆粒污泥中微生物多樣性更加豐富。而20天后,兩個(gè)反應(yīng)器中微生物的多樣性已無明顯差異。這說明好氧顆粒污泥的解體會(huì)導(dǎo)致其內(nèi)部微生物的多樣性出現(xiàn)下降,而硫酸鋁的投加促進(jìn)了其中微生物的相互聚集,從而有效加速了好氧顆粒污泥內(nèi)微生物多樣性的恢復(fù)。
[Abstract]:Aerobic granular sludge has been widely concerned by researchers at home and abroad for its good settling performance, dense structure, high biomass and adsorption ability to harmful substances. However, long start-up time and poor operational stability are the main problems of aerobic granular sludge technology. In this study, the process of aerobic sludge granulation was accelerated by adding aluminum sulfate in the initial stage of aerobic sludge granulation (10 ~ 16 days). Furthermore, the dissolution of aerobic granular sludge was accelerated by adding aluminum sulfate (91 ~ 93 days) to the decomposed aerobic granular sludge for a short period of time. The content of elements was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and the spatial distribution of elements was determined by means of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to analyze the community succession characteristics of microbes during the period. The results are as follows: (1) the granulation process of aerobic sludge can be accelerated by adding aluminum sulfate in SBR reactor for 10 ~ 16 days, and the granulated sludge formed by enhanced granulation has high mechanical strength, high biomass, good sedimentation and large average particle size. At the same time, the addition of aluminum sulfate has no obvious effect on the removal rate of COD, TN and NH _ 4, but to some extent can improve the removal rate of TP. (2) in granulated sludge formed by enhanced granulation, The Al content decreased gradually from 45.69 鹵0.55% in 16 days to 1.09 鹵0.39 in 43 days, and the content of Al in the naturally formed particles was always lower than 0.02%. At the same time, the contents of P and S gradually increased from 7.21 鹵0.047% and 32.11 鹵0.23% to 13.64 鹵0.071% and 47.82 鹵0.21%, respectively. In the mature particles, Al and P elements mainly distribute in the core of sludge granules as precipitates. This shows that the main way of microbial aggregation during coagulant is physico-chemical flocculation, and the self-flocculation of microorganisms gradually replaces the inorganic flocculation of coagulant and becomes the main means of microbial aggregation after the coagulant is stopped. The results show that the process of enhanced Al3 granulation is a physico-chemical-biochemical coupling process. (3) the characteristics of microbial community succession in sludge during enhanced granulation were analyzed by DGGE. The analysis of DGGE map and sequencing results showed that there was no significant difference in microbial community structure between granular sludge formed by enhanced granulation and granular sludge formed naturally. This indicated that the addition of aluminum sulfate had no obvious effect on the microbial population structure in granular sludge. Among them, the dominant microflora in granular sludge is mainly distributed in Proteobacteria, Pseudomonas is one of the main bacteria. (4) after the dissolution of mature aerobic granular sludge, the short-term addition of aluminum sulfate to the granular sludge can effectively accelerate the formation of granular sludge. And the granular sludge formed by reinforcement has better characteristics of sludge and higher bacterial count than that formed by natural remediation. At the same time, the addition of aluminum sulfate changed the EPS component of microorganisms in sludge to some extent. The analysis of DGGE map and corresponding sequencing results showed that the microbial diversity in granular sludge which was formed by the way of reinforcement was more abundant on the 7th day after the drug was added. After 20 days, there was no significant difference in microbial diversity between the two reactors. This indicated that the dissolution of aerobic granular sludge would lead to the decrease of microbial diversity in aerobic granular sludge, and the addition of aluminum sulfate promoted the mutual aggregation of microbes in aerobic granular sludge, thus effectively accelerating the recovery of microbial diversity in aerobic granular sludge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：2065055