本文選題：縣域 + 污水處理服務(wù)�。� 參考：《資源科學(xué)》2017年03期

【摘要】：縣域污水處理服務(wù)快速增長(zhǎng),已成為重要的減排力量,但減排效率差異很大。為了提高縣域污水處理服務(wù)的減排效率,本文應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法,以年處理能力、年運(yùn)營(yíng)費(fèi)用、年耗電量、雇員人數(shù)為投入變量,以污水實(shí)際處理量、COD、BOD5、氨氮消減量為產(chǎn)出變量,構(gòu)建縣域污水處理服務(wù)減排效率評(píng)價(jià)模型,以2014年中國(guó)413個(gè)縣域污水處理設(shè)施進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,并應(yīng)用Tobit模型分析找出關(guān)鍵影響因素。結(jié)果表明:①全國(guó)縣域污水處理服務(wù)減排綜合效率平均值為0.637,具有較大的效率提升空間;技術(shù)效率為0.756,要素配比急需改善;規(guī)模效率為0.835,且73.85%的縣域處于規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增階段,有必要擴(kuò)大處理規(guī)模;②污水處理服務(wù)減排效率的區(qū)域差異明顯,特征各異;③處理規(guī)模、水量負(fù)荷率、運(yùn)營(yíng)年限、人口密度、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平對(duì)減排效率產(chǎn)生正向影響;④生物膜類(lèi)工藝減排效率相對(duì)較高。因此,根據(jù)區(qū)域特征分類(lèi)指導(dǎo),加強(qiáng)縣域污水處理服務(wù)運(yùn)營(yíng)管理交流,適當(dāng)擴(kuò)大處理規(guī)模,因地制宜選擇污水處理工藝,加強(qiáng)配套管網(wǎng)建設(shè),促進(jìn)雨污分流,有利于提高污水處理服務(wù)的減排效率。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of county sewage treatment service has become an important power of emission reduction, but the efficiency of emission reduction is very different. In order to improve the emission reduction efficiency of the county sewage treatment service, this paper applies the data envelopment analysis method, taking the annual treatment capacity, the annual operating cost, the annual electricity consumption and the number of employees as input variables. Based on the actual sewage treatment capacity CODBOD5 and ammonia nitrogen abatement as output variables, a model for evaluating the emission reduction efficiency of sewage treatment services at the county level was constructed, and an empirical analysis was carried out on 413 county sewage treatment facilities in China in 2014. Tobit model was used to find out the key factors. The results show that the average comprehensive efficiency of reducing emissions of sewage treatment services in the county area is 0.637, the technical efficiency is 0.756, the proportion of the elements is in urgent need of improvement, the scale efficiency is 0.835, and 73.85% of the counties are in the stage of increasing returns on scale. It is necessary to expand the treatment scale and the regional differences of emission reduction efficiency of sewage treatment services are obvious. Different treatment scale, water load rate, operation life, population density and economic development level have a positive impact on emission reduction efficiency. (4) Biofilm process has relatively high emission reduction efficiency. Therefore, according to the guidance of regional characteristic classification, we should strengthen the communication of operation and management of county sewage treatment service, appropriately expand the scale of treatment, select sewage treatment technology according to local conditions, strengthen the construction of supporting pipe network, and promote the diversion of rain pollution. It is beneficial to improve the efficiency of emission reduction of sewage treatment services.
【作者單位】： 福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)課題(2012ZX0760003) 教育部人文社科研究項(xiàng)目(15YJCZH538)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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