本文選題：源頭溪流 + 水生生物基準(zhǔn)��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鄉(xiāng)交錯(cuò)帶源頭溪流、排水溝渠作為河流水系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,是匯流區(qū)養(yǎng)分匯集、傳輸和凈化的重要場(chǎng)所。由于氮、磷等營(yíng)養(yǎng)負(fù)荷數(shù)量可觀,并可能會(huì)通過(guò)水-沉積物界面交換作用進(jìn)入上覆水,造成水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化并影響下游河流、湖泊水質(zhì),因此溪流溝渠兼具"源"與"匯"的特征。本文以合肥城鄉(xiāng)交錯(cuò)帶3條不同水源補(bǔ)給類型溪流溝渠為對(duì)象,按季節(jié)采集水樣和表層沉積物樣,據(jù)此開展溪流溝渠水環(huán)境狀況和沉積物氮、磷賦存形態(tài)分析,評(píng)估氨氮生態(tài)毒性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和沉積物磷的釋放風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并對(duì)沉積物硝化/反硝化潛力進(jìn)行定量分析,主要研究成果如下:(1)3條溪流溝渠水環(huán)境狀況差異較大,關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠污染最為嚴(yán)重,NH_4~+、PO_4~(3-)含量均值分別為26.69 mg·L-1和2.38 mg·L-1�；诎钡鶞�(zhǔn)生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估,關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠全年處于高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平,陶沖小溪流絕大多數(shù)樣本為有風(fēng)險(xiǎn),少數(shù)樣本為無(wú)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),磨店小溪流僅個(gè)別樣本有風(fēng)險(xiǎn);綜合水質(zhì)標(biāo)識(shí)指數(shù)法評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果僅磨店小溪流水環(huán)境功能區(qū)評(píng)價(jià)達(dá)標(biāo)。(2)沉積物TN、TP含量高低順序依次為關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠陶沖小溪流磨店小溪流。其中,關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠TN含量平均值為4512.23 mg·kg-1,分別是磨店和陶沖小溪流的2.56、1.36倍。TP含量均值為1376.95 mg·kg-1,為磨店和陶沖小溪流的2.94、1.91倍。3條溪流溝渠幾乎都具有一定的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)效應(yīng),沉積物TN基本均達(dá)重度污染水平且均處于有機(jī)污染狀態(tài)。(3)各形態(tài)磷含量差異顯著,且在含量高低排序方面存在一定差異性;關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠NH_4~+-N均值為574.43 mg·g-1,是磨店和陶沖小溪流的1.51、1.22倍,NO_3~--N含量均值為72.31 mg·kg-1,是另兩條溪流的3.39、1.54倍。(4)3條溪流沉積物PSI值磨店小溪流最高,均值為40.36(mg L)·(100g·μmol)-1,關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠最低,均值為33.85(mgL)·(100g·μmol)-1、季節(jié)性變化總體上都表現(xiàn)出秋季最高,冬季次之,春、夏季基本相當(dāng)且相對(duì)最低的變化特征。由PSI、DPS及ERI評(píng)估得到的磷釋放風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征基本一致,相應(yīng)的磷釋放風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高低排序?yàn)?關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠陶沖小溪流磨店小溪流。(5)陶沖小溪流表層沉積物的PNR、ANR相對(duì)最高,關(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠相對(duì)最低。反硝化速率排序?yàn)殛P(guān)鎮(zhèn)河支渠陶沖小溪流磨店小溪流。根據(jù)參數(shù)FvIP,3條溪流溝渠ANR、PNR和反硝化速率幾乎都與沉積物的pH、OM、NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N、TN、TP存在顯著或較為顯著關(guān)系,但不同溪流水體之間存在差異性。
[Abstract]:As an important part of river water system, draining ditch is an important place for nutrient collection, transport and purification in confluence area. Because the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient loads is considerable, and it may enter the overlying water through the interaction of water-sediment interface, resulting in eutrophication of water body and affecting the water quality of the downstream rivers and lakes. Therefore, streams and ditches have the characteristics of "source" and "sink". In this paper, water samples and surface sediment samples were collected from three stream canals of different water supply types in the urban and rural ecotone of Hefei. According to this, the water environment, nitrogen and phosphorus occurrence in stream canals were analyzed. The ecological toxicity risk of ammonia nitrogen and the release risk of phosphorus in sediment were evaluated, and the nitrification / denitrification potential of sediment was quantitatively analyzed. The mean value of NH4 ~ PO4 ~ (3) in Guanzhen River branch canal was 26.69 mg / L and 2.38 mg / L ~ (-1), respectively. Based on the ecological risk assessment of ammonia nitrogen benchmark, Guanzhen River branch canal is at a high risk level in the whole year. Most samples of Tao Chong small stream are risky, a few samples are no risk, and only a few samples of Modian small stream have risk. The result of comprehensive water quality identification index method is that only the evaluation standard of water environment function area of Modian stream is up to standard. 2) the order of TNTP content in sediment is the order of TNTP content in Guanghe branch canal, Tao Chong small stream, Modian stream, and Modian small stream in the branch canal of Guanzhen River. The average TN content in branch canal of Guanzhen River is 4512.23 mg kg ~ (-1), which is 1376.95 mg 路kg ~ (-1). The average of TN content is 1376.95 mg 路kg ~ (-1) in Modian and Tao Chong streams, and almost all of them have ecological risk effect. The TN of sediment reached the level of severe pollution and was in the organic pollution state. The phosphorus content of each form of sediment was significantly different, and there were some differences in the ranking of the contents of TN. The mean value of NH _ 4 ~ -N in branch canal of Guanzhen River is 574.43 mg 路g ~ (-1), which is 1.51 ~ 1.22 times as much as that of Modian and Taochong streams, and the mean value of N is 72.31 mg / kg ~ (-1), which is 3.39 ~ 1.54 times of the other two streams. The PSI value of the sediment of three streams is the highest, the mean value is 40.36(mg L) 100g 渭 mol ~ (-1), and the branch canal of Guanzhen River is the lowest. The mean value is 33.85 mgL) 100g 渭 mol / L, and the seasonal variation is the highest in autumn, followed by winter, and almost equal and relatively lowest in spring and summer. The characteristics of phosphorus release risk assessed by PSI DPS and ERI were basically the same, and the corresponding P release risk was ranked as follows: the order of P release risk was: Tuochong Xiaochong stream Modian Xiaoxiao stream. 5) the PNRANR of surface sediment of Tao Chong stream was the highest. Guanzhen River branch canal is relatively lowest. The order of denitrification rate is Tao Chong stream, Modian stream, branch canal of Guanzhen River. According to the parameters of FvIP, ANRN PNR and denitrification rate almost all have significant or more significant relationship with the pH value of NH _ (4 ~ -N) N _ (10) O _ (3) -N ~ (+) N _ (+) N _ (TNN) _ (TP) in sediments, but there are differences among different streams.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X52

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 邱祖凱;胡小貞;姚程;張文慧;許秋瑾;黃天寅;;山美水庫(kù)沉積物氮磷和有機(jī)質(zhì)污染特征及評(píng)價(jià)[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2016年04期

2 沈雪蓮;周振;任偉超;蔣玲燕;魏海娟;李云輝;胡大龍;喬衛(wèi)敏;;城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污泥中磷的形態(tài)分布及生物可利用性分析[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報(bào);2016年03期

3 裴婷婷;李如忠;高蘇蒂;羅月穎;;合肥城郊典型農(nóng)田溪流水系統(tǒng)沉積物磷形態(tài)及釋放風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2016年02期

4 楊柳燕;王楚楚;孫旭;郭麗蕓;肖琳;宋曉駿;;淡水湖泊微生物硝化反硝化過(guò)程與影響因素研究[J];水資源保護(hù);2016年01期

5 王一U，

本文編號(hào)：1893856