發(fā)布時間：2018-05-13 21:06

  本文選題：自清洗式活性生物濾池 + 濾料　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)階段水資源短缺和水污染情況越來越嚴(yán)重,污水處理排放的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)越來越高,有些污水處理廠二級生化出水已經(jīng)不能滿足《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB 18918—2002)一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的排放要求,所以需要增加深度處理設(shè)施;自清洗式活性生物濾池具有操作簡單、占地面積小的特點,在深度處理脫氮作用方面有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本次試驗采用自然掛膜和人工接種污泥法掛膜兩種啟動方式來運(yùn)行,對比不同濾料在自然掛膜條件下對污染物的去除效果,并在人工接種污泥條件下優(yōu)化碳源投加種類和投加量,運(yùn)用高通量測序法對濾池內(nèi)部和生化池內(nèi)微生物進(jìn)行分析,確定濾池內(nèi)優(yōu)勢菌種,并將濾池和水廠生化池內(nèi)微生物進(jìn)行對比分析。(1)自然掛膜啟動階段周期運(yùn)行20天,通過對比兩種濾料對COD、TN、TP的去除效果研究得出結(jié)論:石英砂對污染物的整體去除效果高于陶粒。(2)人工接種污泥條件下,乙酸鈉對COD的去除率范圍是33%~39%,乙醇的去除率范圍為39.2%~46.1%,葡萄糖的則為27.3%~41.2%,乙醇TN的去除率范圍是48.6%~80%,乙酸鈉和葡萄糖去除范圍則分別為34.4%~39.9%,35.4%~58.8%,確定乙醇為最佳投加碳源種類。研究乙醇的最佳投藥量和最適C/N,向試驗進(jìn)水中投加不同量的乙醇,分析其污染物的處理效果,得出乙醇最佳投藥量為50ml/m3,最適宜本次試驗的C/N為3,最佳HRT為60min。(3)對樣品中微生物進(jìn)行豐度分析,β-變形菌綱(Betaproteobacteria)為主要微生物種群,許多種類都具有反硝化能力,而在生化池中疣微菌門(Verrucomicrobia)、酸桿菌門(Acidobacteria)含量相對較多,為好氧型細(xì)菌;在科分類水平上分析,含量較高的微生物菌科為紅環(huán)菌科(Rhodo-cyclaceae),生化池紅環(huán)菌科(Rhodo-cyclaceae)含量低于濾池,在屬分類水平上分析可得,樣品中的優(yōu)勢菌種為Thauera菌屬,它們均是反硝化反應(yīng)的主要參與者。(4)對自清洗式活性生物濾池和水廠生化池五個樣品做Alpha多樣性分析、OTU韋恩圖分析及OTU Rank曲線,從中可以看出微生物物種均比較豐富,具有多樣性,但濾池微生物數(shù)量高于生化池。
[Abstract]:At the present stage, the shortage of water resources and water pollution are becoming more and more serious, and the standards of sewage treatment and discharge are becoming higher and higher. In some wastewater treatment plants, the secondary biochemical effluent can no longer meet the discharge requirements of the first class A standard of "pollutants discharge Standard of the Municipal sewage treatment Plant" (GB 18918-2002), so it is necessary to increase the advanced treatment facilities. Self-cleaning active biological filter has the characteristics of simple operation and small area. It has a broad application prospect in deep treatment of denitrification. In this experiment, two kinds of start-up methods, natural membrane hanging and artificial inoculating sludge method, were used to run, and the effects of different filter media on the removal of pollutants under the condition of natural membrane suspension were compared. Under the condition of artificial inoculation sludge, the species and dosage of carbon source were optimized, and the microbes in the filter and biochemical tank were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing method, and the dominant bacteria in the filter were determined. The microbes in the filter tank and the biochemical tank of water plant were compared and analyzed. By comparing the removal effect of two kinds of filter media on COD ~ (2 +) TNN _ (TP), it is concluded that the overall removal efficiency of quartz sand is higher than that of ceramsite. 2) under the condition of artificial inoculation sludge, The removal rate of sodium acetate to COD is 339.39, the removal rate of ethanol is 39.2 and 46.1s, the range of glucose is 27.31.2, the removal rate of ethanol TN is 48.6 and 800.The removal range of sodium acetate and glucose is 39.935.435.4 and 58.8respectively, which determines that ethanol is the best kind of carbon source. To study the optimal dosage of ethanol and the optimum C / N, to add different amounts of ethanol to the experimental influent, and to analyze the treatment effect of the pollutants. The results show that the optimum dosage of ethanol is 50ml / m ~ 3, the best C / N is 3 and the best HRT is 60 min 路m ~ (3), and 尾 -Proteobacteriae (Beta proteobacteriae) is the main microbial population, and many species have denitrification ability. However, the content of Acidobacterium acidobacteriae was relatively high in the biochemical pool, and the content of Rhodo-cyclaceae, Rhodo-cyclaceaeae, was lower than that of the filter, at the taxonomic level of the family Rhodo-cyclaceaeae, which was higher than that in the filter, and the content of Acidobacteriae in the biochemistry pool was lower than that in the filter, and the content of Rhodo-cyclaceaeae in the biochemistry pool was lower than that in the filter, and in the taxonomic level, the microbiota was Rhodo-cyclaceaeae. At the taxonomic level, the dominant species in the sample were Thauera. They are the main participants in denitrification. (4) the Alpha diversity analysis and OTU Rank curves of five samples from self-cleaning active biofilter and water plant biochemistry tank were analyzed. It can be seen that the microbial species are abundant. It has diversity, but the number of microorganism in filter is higher than that in biochemical pond.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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