本文選題：廢舊橡膠 + 電磁加熱��； 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和科技的不斷創(chuàng)新,橡膠制品產(chǎn)業(yè)得到蓬勃發(fā)展。與此同時(shí),廢舊橡膠作為新一類(lèi)的固體垃圾對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。在我國(guó)橡膠資源嚴(yán)重短缺的情況下,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)廢舊橡膠的高值化利用至關(guān)重要。歷經(jīng)幾十年的探索,裂解技術(shù)被公認(rèn)是處理廢舊橡膠問(wèn)題的最佳途徑之一。廢舊橡膠的裂解技術(shù)不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了污染物的零排放,還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)裂解氣、燃料油、炭黑等高焓值資源的回收再利用。既實(shí)現(xiàn)了固體垃圾的資源化處理,又可以產(chǎn)生巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。本文通過(guò)對(duì)廢舊橡膠裂解技術(shù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的分析,對(duì)比不同裂解工藝及設(shè)備的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),提出了一種新型熱源提供方式—電磁裂解。設(shè)計(jì)了一套攪拌式廢舊橡膠連續(xù)電磁裂解設(shè)備。該裂解設(shè)備采用雙螺桿結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行物料推送,配合單螺桿出料裝置,可實(shí)現(xiàn)廢舊橡膠的連續(xù)裂解;雙螺桿的相互嚙合解決了熔融態(tài)物料的高粘性堵塞問(wèn)題;利用電磁感應(yīng)加熱特性,縮短了溫升時(shí)間,實(shí)現(xiàn)了溫度的精確控制,提高了設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)效率。依據(jù)電磁感應(yīng)加熱原理和橡膠熔融態(tài)流動(dòng)特性,對(duì)裂解設(shè)備的腔體結(jié)構(gòu)和螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了合理設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)Maxweell軟件與Workbench軟件之間的耦合計(jì)算,分析了裂解設(shè)備的渦流損耗值及溫升分布情況。經(jīng)過(guò)分析,驗(yàn)證了電磁感應(yīng)加熱技術(shù)作為裂解熱源的可行性,可為廢舊橡膠裂解提供穩(wěn)定可靠的裂解溫度。改變?cè)O(shè)備工藝參數(shù),得到了不同的電磁場(chǎng)分布云圖、溫度分布圖,認(rèn)為:線圈排列緊密、適當(dāng)減少裂解腔體壁厚,減小線圈與裂解腔體之間距離,可得到更好的加熱效果。通過(guò)調(diào)整運(yùn)行工藝參數(shù),進(jìn)行了多次廢舊橡膠的裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)。綜合分析實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),測(cè)定裂解產(chǎn)物組成,對(duì)比橡膠裂解狀況,得出了廢舊橡膠的最佳裂解溫度與能耗。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,本課題研究的廢舊橡膠電磁裂解設(shè)備處理量大且能連續(xù)生產(chǎn),具有快速高效、操作穩(wěn)定、裂解效果好、成本低、節(jié)能環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。相關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)和結(jié)論為今后連續(xù)電磁裂解設(shè)備的進(jìn)一步研究提供了參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the innovation of science and technology, the rubber products industry is booming. At the same time, waste rubber as a new kind of solid waste poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. Under the serious shortage of rubber resources in China, how to realize the high value utilization of waste rubber is very important. After decades of exploration, pyrolysis technology is recognized as one of the best ways to deal with the problem of waste rubber. The pyrolysis technology of waste rubber can not only realize the zero emission of pollutants, but also realize the recovery and reuse of high enthalpy resources such as cracking gas, fuel oil and carbon black. It can not only realize the disposal of solid waste, but also produce huge economic and social benefits. By analyzing the development of waste rubber pyrolysis technology and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different pyrolysis processes and equipments, a new type of heat supply mode, electromagnetic pyrolysis, is proposed in this paper. A set of agitated continuous electromagnetic cracking equipment for waste rubber was designed. The pyrolysis equipment adopts twin-screw structure to push the material together with the single-screw discharging device to realize the continuous cracking of the waste rubber and the intermeshing of the twin-screw solves the problem of high viscosity clogging of the molten material. By using the characteristics of electromagnetic induction heating, the temperature rise time is shortened, the precise temperature control is realized, and the production efficiency of the equipment is improved. Based on the electromagnetic induction heating principle and the melt flow characteristics of rubber, the cavity structure and spiral structure of the pyrolysis equipment were designed reasonably. Based on the coupling calculation between Maxweell and Workbench, the eddy current loss and temperature rise distribution of pyrolysis equipment are analyzed. The feasibility of electromagnetic induction heating as a pyrolysis heat source is verified, which can provide a stable and reliable pyrolysis temperature for waste rubber cracking. By changing the process parameters of the equipment, the different electromagnetic field distribution cloud diagram and temperature distribution diagram are obtained. It is considered that the coil arrangement is tight, the wall thickness of the cracking chamber is reduced appropriately, and the distance between the coil and the pyrolysis cavity is reduced, so the better heating effect can be obtained. The cracking experiments of waste rubber were carried out by adjusting the operation parameters. The optimum pyrolysis temperature and energy consumption of waste rubber were obtained by comprehensive analysis of experimental data, determination of pyrolysis product composition and comparison of rubber cracking status. The experimental results show that the waste rubber electromagnetic cracking equipment has the advantages of fast and high efficiency, stable operation, good cracking effect, low cost, energy saving and environmental protection. The related design and conclusions provide a reference for the further study of the continuous electromagnetic cracking equipment in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X705

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