發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 12:25

  本文選題：電催化氧化 + DSA電極�。� 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著聚丙烯酰胺在油田開采過程中的廣泛應(yīng)用,使得采出水的水量不斷增加,油田采出水中含有油類、聚丙烯酰胺和活性劑等大量污染物,使廢水的處理加大了難度,常規(guī)的處理工藝難以有效的處理水中的大量污染物,油田含聚污水的處理問題日益突出,成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)的物化法、生物法、化學(xué)法除聚效果并不理想,因此試圖尋找一種效率高、成本低的處理方法。電催化氧化技術(shù)是一種效率較高的綠色水處理技術(shù),但是處理成本較高,阻礙了其發(fā)展,所以本文將電催化氧化和混凝聯(lián)合使用,旨在取得良好的處理效果的同時(shí),還能夠降低成本。形穩(wěn)電極(DSA)是目前電催化氧化反應(yīng)中最受關(guān)注的一類陽極,因其具有特殊的金屬氧化物的催化活性,對(duì)于難降解的有機(jī)污染物依然可以達(dá)到很好的效果。本課題分別利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線能譜儀(EDS)和X射線衍射儀(XRD)對(duì)Ti/Ir O2-Ta2O5-SnO2電極的表面涂層的形貌、元素組成及各元素的原子比及涂層的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征分析。結(jié)果表明,稀土的摻雜可使電極表面晶粒細(xì)化,增加涂層的比表面積,提高電極的催化活性和析氧電位,但電極的穩(wěn)定性略有降低。首先用Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5-SnO2電極處理了模擬含聚廢水,證明了電催化氧化降解聚丙烯酰胺的可行性。然后,以Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5-SnO2電極為陽極,以FeSO4·7H2O為絮凝劑,采用電催化氧化-混凝法聯(lián)合處理油田含聚污水,通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)和正交試驗(yàn)考察了除聚時(shí)電極的最優(yōu)工作參數(shù),包括絮凝劑投加量、電流密度、pH、電解時(shí)間等,得出如下結(jié)論:絮凝劑投加量為1500mg/L,電流密度為50mA/cm2,pH值為6,電解時(shí)間為90min的條件下,其對(duì)聚丙烯酰胺的去除率達(dá)到了92.3%。采用紫外光譜和高效液相色譜對(duì)PAM模擬廢水電解液進(jìn)行分析,推測(cè)PAM電催化氧化降解的歷程:大分子的聚丙烯酰胺先是斷裂成小分子的聚合物片段,之后在電催化氧化的作用下,被降解成丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸,最終轉(zhuǎn)化為H2O和CO2。采用半衰期法確定了降黏和降解的動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。計(jì)算了電催化氧化-混凝法聯(lián)合處理含聚污水的能耗為90kWh/m3。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of polyacrylamide in oilfield production process, the water quantity of produced water is increasing, and a large number of pollutants, such as oil, polyacrylamide and active agent, are contained in the produced water of oil field, which makes the treatment of wastewater more difficult.The conventional treatment process is difficult to effectively treat a large number of pollutants in water, and the problem of treatment of oilfield polymerized sewage becomes increasingly prominent, which has become the focus of attention.The traditional physicochemical method, biological method and chemical method are not ideal for depolymerization, so we try to find a method with high efficiency and low cost.Electrocatalytic oxidation is a kind of green water treatment technology with high efficiency, but the cost of treatment is high, which hinders its development. In this paper, electrocatalytic oxidation and coagulation are combined in order to obtain good treatment effect.It can also reduce costs.Form-stabilized electrode (DSA) is one of the most concerned anodes in electrocatalytic oxidation reaction. Because of its special catalytic activity of metal oxides, it can still achieve good results for organic pollutants that are difficult to degrade.The morphology, composition, atomic ratio and crystal structure of Ti/Ir O2-Ta2O5-SnO2 electrode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).The results show that rare earth doping can refine the surface grain of the electrode, increase the specific surface area of the coating, improve the catalytic activity and oxygen evolution potential of the electrode, but the stability of the electrode is slightly reduced.Firstly, the simulated polymer wastewater was treated with Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5-SnO2 electrode, which proved the feasibility of degradation of polyacrylamide by electrocatalytic oxidation.Then, Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5-SnO2 electrode was used as anode, FeSO4 7H2O as flocculant, electrocatalytic oxidation-coagulation method was used to treat oilfield polymerized sewage. The optimum working parameters of depolymerization electrode, including the dosage of flocculant, were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal test.Under the conditions of current density pH, electrolysis time and so on, the flocculant dosage is 1500 mg / L, the current density is 50 Ma / cm ~ (2) and pH value is 6, and the electrolysis time is 90min, the removal rate of polyacrylamide can reach 92.3%.UV spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the electrolyte of PAM simulated wastewater. The mechanism of electrocatalytic degradation of PAM was inferred: the macromolecular polyacrylamide was first broken into small molecular polymer fragments.It was then degraded into acrylamide and acrylic acid under the action of electrocatalytic oxidation, and then converted to H2O and CO _ 2.The kinetic equations of viscosity reduction and degradation were determined by half-life method.The energy consumption of combined treatment of polymeric wastewater by electrocatalytic oxidation and coagulation was calculated to be 90 kWhs / m3.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X741
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本文編號(hào)：1736032