本文選題：廢棄線路板　切入點：微生物冶金　出處：《青島科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科技的不斷發(fā)展和消費者對于高科技電子產品的消費能力的改變,電子廢棄物的數量逐年呈指數增長。如果能夠使用環(huán)保高效的回收技術對電子廢棄物進行處理和資源化回收,可以達到保護環(huán)境和解決資源匱乏困境的雙重目的。本文利用具有快速繁殖和較強適應能力的熒光假單胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)從典型電子廢棄物(廢棄線路板)中浸出金,進一步探索實現環(huán)境友好的生物法冶金從實驗室研究到規(guī)�；瘧玫目赡苄�。首先通過硝酸酸浸預處理線路板,然后培養(yǎng)熒光假單胞菌,了解其生長代謝規(guī)律,為后續(xù)浸金實驗做好準備。熒光假單胞菌的浸金過程受到很多因素的限制,如細菌的自身性質、氧氣含量、溫度、底物、pH、線路板種類與成分、礦漿濃度及線路板的預處理效果等。本文選擇了pH、底物種類、物料加入量等因素進行了浸金實驗,最后獲得最佳浸金率。通過實驗可知,經過酸浸預處理后,線路板粉末中金的含量從0.035 mg/g提升到了0.12 mg/g;金的浸金率隨著浸出液pH的升高而增大,隨細菌加入量的增多先增大后減小;隨著物料加入量的增大而減少,而且受其影響程度較大,在物料添加量為0.5 g時,浸金率最高達到41.75%;底物的種類也影響浸金率,甘氨酸和蛋氨酸一起作為產氰前體時,浸金率在浸金后期階段會有較大提高,最高達到54.20%,這是由于兩種底物之間具有協同作用。金屬離子和營養(yǎng)鹽的加入可以大幅提高金的浸出率,在加入適量的NaCl后,金的浸出率最高可以達到66.62%。最后由經濟效益分析發(fā)現,利用熒光假單胞菌從1噸廢棄線路板中浸金可獲純利潤1000元,最重要的是微生物回收金屬可以同時實現經濟效益和環(huán)境效益。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the change of consumer's ability to consume high-tech electronic products, The amount of e-waste is increasing exponentially year by year. If we can use environmental protection and efficient recycling technology to treat and recycle e-waste, In this paper, Pseudomonas fluorescens, which has rapid propagation and strong adaptability, is used to extract gold from typical electronic waste (waste circuit board). Further exploring the possibility of realizing environment-friendly bio-metallurgy from laboratory research to large-scale application. First, pretreatment of circuit boards by acid leaching of nitric acid, then culture of Pseudomonas fluorescein, to understand its growth and metabolism, The gold leaching process of Pseudomonas fluorescens is limited by many factors, such as the nature of bacteria, oxygen content, temperature, substrate pH, type and composition of circuit board. In this paper, pH, substrate type, material quantity and other factors were selected for gold leaching experiment, and the best gold leaching rate was obtained. Through the experiment, we can know that after acid leaching pretreatment, the gold leaching rate can be obtained. The gold content in the powder of PCB increased from 0.035 mg/g to 0.12 mg / g. The gold leaching rate increased with the increase of pH value of leaching solution, and then decreased with the increase of bacterial content, and decreased with the increase of material content. The gold leaching rate reached the highest of 41.75 when the material was added 0.5 g, and the type of substrate also affected the gold leaching rate. When glycine and methionine were used as precursor of cyanide production, the gold leaching rate increased greatly in the later stage of gold leaching. The maximum is 54.20 because of the synergism between the two substrates. The addition of metal ions and nutrient salts can greatly increase the leaching rate of gold, after the addition of appropriate amount of NaCl, The highest leaching rate of gold can reach 66.62%. Finally, by economic analysis, it is found that 1000 yuan of net profit can be obtained by using Pseudomonas fluorescens to extract gold from 1 ton waste circuit board. The most important thing is that microbial recovery of metals can achieve both economic and environmental benefits.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X705;X172

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