本文選題：含聚合物污水　切入點：污水配聚　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著石油開采的開展,目前我國的許多大型油田都已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了石油開采的中后期,為了穩(wěn)定石油產(chǎn)量,很多油田采用聚驅(qū)采油技術(shù)。但聚合物驅(qū)油技術(shù)的廣泛使用也帶來了幾個嚴(yán)重的問題:第一,如果聚合物污水不進(jìn)行循環(huán)使用,其所消耗的水量非常大,同時,外排的的聚合物污水會造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染;第二,三元復(fù)合驅(qū)和聚驅(qū)所用的聚合物在輸送過程中,由于機械降解和生物降解的原因,往往會造成粘度損失,直接影響其驅(qū)油效果;第三,含聚合物污水具有聚合物含量、油含量和懸浮物含量超標(biāo),乳化嚴(yán)重,油滴細(xì)小,乳狀液穩(wěn)定等特性,使用現(xiàn)有工藝設(shè)備處理后,石油類含量及懸浮物,難以達(dá)到油田注水標(biāo)準(zhǔn),未經(jīng)有效處理的聚合物污水回注到油層會造成水井附近的油層污染,從而導(dǎo)致一系列的油田處理問題。本文通過室內(nèi)研究和現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用情況,分析了污水稀釋聚合物粘度損失影響因素與控制方法,得出主要研究成果如下:(1)本文對污水稀釋聚合物溶液粘度損失影響因素進(jìn)行了實驗分析,研究結(jié)果表明,金屬離子Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、S~(2-)對污水稀釋聚合物溶液粘度損失的影響較大,其中Fe~(2+)和S~(2-)對污水稀釋聚合物溶液粘度損失影響最大;而采油污水中的含油量、懸浮固體含量、細(xì)菌基本對聚合物的粘度沒有影響;而溶解氧含量在含聚污水稀釋聚合物過程中有重要影響。(2)通過比較分析降低礦化度方法、投加絡(luò)合劑去除鈣鎂離子、投加氧化劑、曝氧等方法對含聚污水進(jìn)行處理幾種方法表明,選擇高效經(jīng)濟的增粘方法為曝氧法。(3)現(xiàn)場配注試驗分析表明�？諌簷C和射流器兩種曝氧方式去除還原性物質(zhì)的效果差別不大,空壓機溶氧效果雖好于射流器溶氧效果,但在同等氣水比條件下稀釋聚合物母液后的粘度卻基本相同。從經(jīng)濟性角度考慮選擇空壓機曝氧處理方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil production, many large oil fields in China have entered the middle and late stages of oil exploitation at present. In order to stabilize oil production, Many oilfields adopt polymer flooding technology. But the widespread use of polymer flooding technology also brings several serious problems: first, if polymer sewage is not recycled, it consumes a lot of water, and at the same time, Effluent from polymer effluents can cause serious environmental pollution. Secondly, polymer used in ASP flooding and polymer flooding often cause viscosity loss due to mechanical and biological degradation during transportation. Third, the wastewater containing polymer has the characteristics of polymer content, oil content and suspended matter content exceeding the standard, serious emulsification, fine oil droplets, stable emulsion, etc. The oil content and suspended matter are difficult to meet the water injection standard in oil fields. If the untreated polymer sewage is injected back into the reservoir, it will cause oil layer pollution near the wells. In this paper, through laboratory research and field application, the influencing factors and control methods of viscosity loss of waste water diluting polymer are analyzed. The main research results are as follows: (1) in this paper, the factors affecting viscosity loss of waste water diluted polymer solution are analyzed experimentally. The results show that the metal ion Na ~ (2 +) (Ca ~ ((2)) C ~ ((2)) C ~ (2 +)) has a great influence on the viscosity loss of waste water diluted polymer solution. The viscosity loss of polymer solution was mainly affected by Fe~(2) and Sph2), but the oil content, suspended solid content and bacteria had no effect on the viscosity of polymer. However, the dissolved oxygen content has an important effect in the process of diluting the polymer containing polymer. Through the comparative analysis of the methods of reducing the salinity, the complexing agent is added to remove calcium and magnesium ions, and the oxidant is added. Several methods such as aeration and so on for treating polymerized sewage show that the selection of high efficient and economical viscosity increasing method is aeration oxygen method. The analysis of field injection experiment shows that there is no significant difference between the two aeration methods of air compressor and jet apparatus in removing reducing substances. Although the dissolved oxygen effect of the air compressor is better than that of the jet reactor, the viscosity of the polymer mother liquor diluted under the same air-water ratio is basically the same. The aeration treatment method of the air compressor is considered from the economic point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE39;X741
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本文編號：1651639