發(fā)布時間：2018-03-22 15:11

  本文選題：電場微生物　切入點：微生物群體刺激效應(yīng)　出處：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,新型微量污染物藥品及個人護(hù)理用品(PPCPs)在水環(huán)境中已普遍存在,這些有機(jī)物具有持久性、富集性和難生物降解等特點,不僅造成了水環(huán)境污染,而且對人類的健康有一定的影響,因此尋求一種經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的城市污水深度處理技術(shù)是去除有毒難降解PPCPs類有機(jī)物的關(guān)鍵。本文針對常規(guī)污水處理工藝對于城市污水中難降解PPCPs類有機(jī)物的降解效能較弱、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、活化能高等問題,基于電場對微生物群體的刺激效應(yīng),自主設(shè)計構(gòu)建電生物耦合體系,考察電場和微生物生長代謝之間的關(guān)系,研究電生物耦合系統(tǒng)去除城市污水中典型PPCPs類有機(jī)物的效能及作用機(jī)理,采用高通量測序技術(shù)進(jìn)行微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性分析,進(jìn)一步揭示電場對微生物群體的刺激效應(yīng)。主要研究結(jié)論如下:研究結(jié)果表明,普通曝氣生物濾池在適當(dāng)?shù)闹绷麟妶龃碳は?其COD_(Cr)、TOC和氨氮的去除率可以得到相應(yīng)的提高,若超過最佳的電流密度時,去除率則受到影響。同時,當(dāng)電流密度低于最佳電流密度時,微生物群落豐富度和多樣性與去除效率之間沒有顯著的相關(guān)性,而當(dāng)電流密度高于最優(yōu)電流密度時,微生物群落豐富度和多樣性逐漸與污染物去除趨勢保持一致。在最佳電流密度14.25A/m~2時微生物群落的優(yōu)勢種群主要包括噬氫菌屬Hydrogenophaga(18.80%)、未分類的腐螺旋菌屬Saprospiraceae_uncultured(12.15%)、代爾夫特菌屬Delftia(6.84%)、假單胞菌屬Pseudomonas(5.22%)、假黃色單胞菌屬Pseudoxanthomonas(4.33%)和硝化螺旋菌屬Nitrosospira(3.63%)等。根據(jù)三維粒子電極對三種PPCPs有機(jī)物的靜態(tài)吸附和動態(tài)降解效能,選擇活性炭作為電生物耦合系統(tǒng)的三維粒子電極,其對布洛芬、苯扎貝特、卡馬西平的靜態(tài)吸附率分別為21.26%、17.22%、11.89%,動態(tài)降解率分別為54.55%、37.23%、30.11%。在電生物耦合系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運行階段,分別研究了不同電流密度、不同有機(jī)物濃度對污染物去除效能的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)電流密度為14A/m~2時,電生物耦合曝氣濾池對COD_(Cr)、TOC和氨氮的平均去除率分別為91.12%、98.17%、91.64%,明顯高于普通曝氣生物濾池。由于PPCPs有機(jī)物為難生物降解有機(jī)物,因此隨著有機(jī)物濃度的增加,污水的可生化性在逐漸降低,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致兩組濾池對污染物的去除率降低。但面對有機(jī)物負(fù)荷的沖擊,電生物耦合曝氣濾池?fù)碛懈玫目箾_擊和緩沖能力。同時對兩組穩(wěn)定運行的濾池沿程出水可生化性的探究表明,電生物耦合曝氣濾池出水的可生化性由原水的0.51提高到0.8以上,而普通曝氣生物濾池出水的可生化性則無提高,甚至降低,原因是電生物耦合曝氣濾池在加電部分的電催化氧化作用可以將難降解有機(jī)物即PPCPs氧化為易生物降解的小分子有機(jī)物,進(jìn)而提高了電生物耦合曝氣濾池中污水的可生化性。根據(jù)三種PPCPs類有機(jī)物的中間產(chǎn)物推所測的降解路徑顯示,在電生物耦合系統(tǒng)中,PPCPs類有機(jī)物的降解均是先通過生物和羥基自由基的氧化作用,氧化成分子量稍小的中間產(chǎn)物,然后再在一系列的氧化還原(包括電催化的氧化還原和微生物的氧化還原)作用下,裂解為小分子有機(jī)物或易降解的苯胺類化合物,最后進(jìn)一步氧化、礦化為CO_2和H_2O。
[Abstract]:At present, the new micro pollutants of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has been widespread in the water environment, the organic matter is durable, enrichment and hard biodegradable, not only caused the water pollution of the environment, but also has a certain influence on human health, therefore seek a kind of economic and effective city sewage advanced treatment technology is the key to the removal of toxic and refractory organic compounds PPCPs. The conventional sewage treatment process for the weak, the degradation efficiency of refractory organic wastewater in PPCPs city complex structure, higher activation energy, the electric field on the stimulating effect of the microbial community based on the independent design of building electrical biological coupling system, study the relationship between the the electric field and the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, the removal efficiency and mechanism of city sewage in typical PPCPs organic matter of electro biological coupling system using high throughput sequencing technology. Operation analysis of microbial community structure diversity, further reveal the stimulating effect of electric field on the microbial community. The main conclusions are as follows: the results showed that the common biological aerated filter in DC electric field stimulation, the COD_ (Cr), TOC and ammonia nitrogen removal rate can be improved, if more than the best current density when the removal rate is affected. At the same time, when the current density is lower than the optimal current density, no significant correlation between microbial community richness and diversity and removal efficiency, when the current density is higher than the optimal current density, microbial community richness and diversity gradually and the removal trend is consistent. The optimal current density 14.25A/m~2 dominant species of microbial communities including Hydrogenophaga phage bacteria hydrogen (18.80%), not rot spirochete classification of the genus Saprospiraceae_uncultured (12 .15%), Delftia Delft (6.84%), Pseudomonas genus Pseudomonas (5.22%), Pseudoxanthomonas sham Flavimonas genera (4.33%) Nitrosospira and nitrospirae genera (3.63%). According to the static adsorption of three PPCPs organic three-dimensional particle electrode and dynamic degradation efficiency, selection of activated carbon as dc-3d biological coupling system, the Bloven, Bate C Masi Bing, benzalkonii, static adsorption rates were 21.26%, 17.22%, 11.89%, the dynamic degradation rate were 54.55%, 37.23%, 30.11%. in the electric biological coupling system stable operation stage, the different current density were studied, different concentrations of organic matter removal efficiency effect of pollutants. It was found that when the current density is 14A/m~2, biological aerated filter for electric coupling COD_ (Cr) TOC, and the average removal rate of ammonia were 91.12%, 98.17%, 91.64%, significantly higher than that of ordinary biological aerated filter Due to the PPCPs pool. Organic biodegradable organic matter, so with the increase of organic matter concentration, the biodegradability of the wastewater decreased gradually, resulting in two groups of filter on the removal efficiency of pollutants decreased. But in the face of the impact of organic loading, biological aerated filter electric coupling has better impact and buffer capacity. At the same time of the two groups along the stable operation of the filter effluent can explore the biochemical of biological aerated filter show that the electrical coupling of the biodegradability of the effluent water from 0.51 increased to more than 0.8, and the biodegradability of the effluent is ordinary biological aerated filter without increase, or even lower, because the electric power in the biological aerated filter coupling electrocatalytic oxidation can be part of the refractory organics is for PPCPs oxidation of small organic molecules readily biodegradable, thus improving the electrical coupling in the sewage biological aerated filter biodegradability. According to the three The intermediate product of PPCPs showed degradation pathways of organic compounds measured in the push, the electric biological coupling system, the degradation of PPCPs compounds were first through oxidation of biological and hydroxyl radical, oxidation of intermediate molecular weight smaller, and then in a series of oxidation reduction oxidation (including electricity catalytic reduction and microbial redox) under the action of aniline compounds decomposed into small organic molecules or easy degradation, finally further oxidation of CO_2 and H_2O. mineralization

【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X799.3;X172

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